Mitochondria-targeting by small molecules against Alzheimer's disease: A mechanistic perspective.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a considerable worldwide health obstacle, marked by gradual cognitive deterioration and neuronal loss. While the molecular mechanisms underlying AD pathology have been elucidated to some extent, therapeutic options remain limited. Mitochondrial dysfunction has become recognized as a significant factor in the development of AD, with oxidative stress and disrupted energy metabolism being critical elements.

Targeting mitochondria with small molecules: A promising strategy for combating Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is one of the most significant challenges confronting modern societies, affecting millions of patients globally each year. The pathophysiology of PD is significantly influenced by mitochondrial dysfunction, as evident by the contribution of altered mitochondrial dynamics, bioenergetics, and increased oxidative stress to neuronal death. This review examines the potential use of small molecules that target mitochondria as a therapeutic approach for treating PD.

Redox modulating small molecules having antimalarial efficacy.

The search for effective antimalarial agents remains a critical priority because malaria is widely spread and drug-resistant strains are becoming more prevalent. In this review, a variety of small molecules capable of modulating redox processes were showcased for their potential as antimalarial agents. The compounds were designed to target the redox balance of Plasmodium parasites, which has a pivotal function in their ability to survive and multiply within the host organism.

Small-molecule redox modulators with anticancer activity: A comprehensive mechanistic update.

The pursuit of effective anticancer therapies has led to a burgeoning interest in the realm of redox modulation. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the intricate mechanisms by which diverse anticancer molecules leverage redox pathways for therapeutic intervention. Redox modulation, encompassing the fine balance of oxidation-reduction processes within cells, has emerged as a pivotal player in cancer treatment.