Exosomes Derived from Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells act as a therapeutic target for Oral Submucous Fibrosis.

Oral submucosal fibrosis is a highly malignant oral condition that necessitates the use of sophisticated therapeutic procedures. OSF is a multifactorial precancerous condition induced by areca nut chewing, deficiencies in vitamins and trace minerals, immunological aspects, and hereditary factors. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells possess the capability for multidirectional activation and are extensively distributed throughout the body.

Immunomodulatory lectin from Cordia myxa targets PI3K/AKT signalling mediated apoptosis to regress both in-vitro and in-vivo tumour.

Plant based medicine is gaining recognition as a complementary approach to conventional treatments. Plants contain lectins that bind to carbohydrates and exhibit various biological properties and being used in cancer treatment. In present investigation Cordia myxa fruit was chosen, screen for presence of lectin and explore its biological role.

Paramedian Unilateral 'Bitubular' Endoscopic Access for a Far Lateral Disc Herniation: A Novel Approach for Far Lateral Lumbar Pathologies.

We present a novel technique to approach far lateral lumbar pathologies using a bitubular, biportal endoscopic system and a paramedian approach. Background: Conventional approaches for lumbar far lateral discectomy range from open approaches to newer minimally invasive approaches such as tubular discectomy and single portal endoscopic discectomy. We present a case of a patient suffering with a left L3-4 and left L4-5 extraforaminal disc herniation who was treated successfully with a left sided bitubular, biportal endoscopic 2 level far lateral discectomy.

O-Arm Navigation-Guided Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Decompression of Far-Out Syndrome.

The main aim of this video article is to demonstrate the combined use of O-arm navigation and unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) to manage far-out syndrome (FOS). In FOS there is entrapment and compression of the fifth lumbar nerve beyond the foramen and between L5 transverse process and the sacral ala at the lumbosacral junction. Conventional microscopic decompression using a paraspinal approach had been the gold standard for its management.

Protection by natural cholera against later episodes of cholera over 10 years of follow-up in Matlab, Bangladesh: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with cholera have been shown to be protected against subsequent cholera for 3 years after their initial episode. We aimed to assess protection at 10 years of follow-up.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, cohorts of patients treated for cholera (index patients) and contemporaneously selected age-matched individuals without cholera (controls), randomly selected from the population of Matlab, Bangladesh, were assembled between 1990 and 2009 and followed for up to 10 years.

Chondrosarcoma proximal tibia secondary to chondromyxoid fibroma: A rare case report.

Introduction: Benign cartilage tumours with malignant transformation are reported very few. Aiming to report a secondary chondrosarcoma in proximal tibia after chondromyxoid fibroma: a rare entity with limited experience of management.

Case Presentation: we present a challenging case of secondary chondrosarcoma of proximal tibia in surgically managed chondromyxoid fibroma.

Structural isomers of carene persuade apoptotic cell death by inhibiting cell cycle in breast cancer cells: An in silico and in vitro approach.

For the first time, our study provides a comprehensive examination of the anti-cancer effects of structural isomers of carene in breast cancer cells, specifically focusing on cell cycle inhibition and the induction of apoptosis. We utilized the hydro-distillation method to extract Piper nigrum seed essential oil (PNS-EO) and identified its bioactive components through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. A total of 46 bioactive compounds were isolated via hydro-distillation, identified through GC-MS analysis, and validated by co-injection using GC analysis.

Advanced thyroid nodule detection using ultrasonography image analysis and bilateral mean clustering strategies.

This research work focuses on developing an advanced diagnostic method for thyroid nodules using ultrasonography images. The core idea revolves around the observation that the presence and amount of calcium flecks in thyroid nodules can indicate their severity, potentially leading to severe thyroid cancer. A novel technique, named Bilateral Mean Clustering Strategy (Bi-MCS), is proposed, combining the strengths of Fuzzy C mean and K-mean clustering approaches.

Biosurfactants: A review of different strategies for economical production, their applications and recent advancements.

Biosurfactants are biodegradable, non-toxic, and environmentally beneficial substances that are produced by microorganisms. Due to their chemical characteristics and stability in various environmental circumstances, biosurfactants are low-molecular-weight, surface-active molecules of great industrial importance. The choice of the producer microbe, kind of substrate, and purification technique determine the chemistry of a biosurfactant and its production cost.

Machine learning-enhanced detection of chlorpyrifos using molecularly imprinted polymer-coated optical fibers.

This paper explores the use of large core declad optical fibers coated with molecularly imprinted polymers for chlorpyrifos detection, a key marker of organophosphate pesticides. The performance of sensor is evaluated using artificial neural networks and principal component analysis. By varying the declad length, the performance of molecularly imprinted polymer-coated fibers is compared to uncoated fibers, and both are used to identify commercial and pure samples of chlorpyrifos pesticides.

Climate-adaptive optimal water resources management: A multi-sectoral approach for the Munneru river basin, India.

Climate change profoundly affects water resource allocation by disrupting the availability, distribution, and quality of water across various regions. Optimal allocation of water resources represents a comprehensive strategy for water resource management by addressing the intricate connections between water allocation systems and their repercussions on the environment, society, and economy. In this study, an Optimal Water Resources Management (OWRM) framework was developed, focusing on the optimal allocation of water resources and crop planting structures across various sectors.

Exploration of magnetic zeolite thin film derived from coal fly ash an efficient sorbent: Application to water treatment.

Fly ash, produced during coal combustion for energy making, which is recognized as an industrial by-product, could lead to environmental health hazards. Subsequently, fly ash found that an exceptional adsorption performance for the removal of various toxic pollutants, the adsorption capacity of fly ash might be altered by introducing physical/chemical stimulation. Successfully converting fly ash into zeolites not only recovers their disposal difficulties but also transforms unwanted materials into merchandisable products for various industrial applications.

Exploring the mechanism and crosstalk between IL-6 and IL- 1β on M2 macrophages under metabolic stress conditions.

Macrophages are highly variable immune cells that are important in controlling inflammation and maintaining tissue balance. The ability to polarize into two major types-M1, promoting inflammation, and M2, resolving inflammation and contributing to tissue repair-determines their specific roles in health and disease. M2 macrophages are particularly important for reducing inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration, but their function is shaped mainly by surrounding cells.

Temperature-dependent viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infection kinetics and immune response in primary olive flounder spleen cell culture and the host.

The replication and mortality caused by the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in fish vary depending on temperature. VHSV causes mortality at the temperatures below 15 °C, while infection is not established in olive flounder at temperatures above 25 °C. However, how VHSV infection manifests at the cellular level under different temperature conditions is not understood.

Evaluating the influence of sports-induced trauma on temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The main aim of this study was to identify the existing literature on the association between sporting activities and temporomandibular disorders and to critically appraise evidence of this association through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Design: A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Dimensions, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and the Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC). Articles were selected using pre-specified eligibility criteria.

Recent advancements in the quest of benzazoles as anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis agents.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, claiming numerous lives each year, despite recent advancements in drug discovery and treatment strategies. Current TB treatment typically involves long-duration chemotherapy regimens that are often accompanied by adverse effects. The introduction of new anti-TB drugs, such as Bedaquiline, Delamanid, and Pretomanid, offers hope for more effective treatment, although challenges persist keeping the quest to find new anti-TB chemotypes an incessant exercise of medicinal chemists.

Artocarpus lakoocha seed starch and thymol-based films for extending fresh fruit shelf life: Antioxidant and physicochemical properties.

This study addresses the need for sustainable fruit preservation packaging by developing biodegradable films from nonconventional starch sources. The purpose was to enhance film properties and antioxidant capabilities using fatty acid-modified Artocarpus lakoocha starch films incorporated with thymol. The objective is to evaluate the impact of fatty acid modification on film characteristics and the antioxidant potential of thymol-unfused films.

Toxicological Impact of Chronic Chlorpyrifos Exposure: DNA Damage and Epigenetic Alterations Induces Neoplastic Transformation of Liver Cells.

Organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) are widely used chemical pesticides in all the developed countries. Among the OPPs, Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is predominantly used and has been linked to various adverse health effects from acute to chronic exposure. Exposure to pesticides both occupationally and environmentally causes frequent human health problems including neurological disorders, liver, kidney dysfunctions and cancer.

Advanced electrochemiluminescent approaches for contaminant detection in food matrices using metal-organic framework composites.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly valued for their electronic and optical capabilities in food sample analysis. Implementing MOF-based sensors is crucial for public health safety. This review centers on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) MOFs for monitoring food samples, highlighting signal changes from combining MOFs with Ru(bpy), TPrA, nanomaterials, and biomolecules.

Extrusion-aided interaction of rice starch with whey protein isolate: Synergistic influence on physicochemical properties and in vitro starch digestibility characteristics.

Synergistic influence of extrusion conditions and whey protein isolate (WPI) incorporation on glycemic response and physicochemical characteristics of rice starch was studied. Box-Behnken Design was used to evaluate effect of process variables (rice starch:WPI ratio; feed moisture and barrel temperature) on quality characteristics of resistant starch-rich, low GI extruded snacks (RSLG-E). Optimum conditions for development of RSLG-E were WPI:18.

Additional analyses of stem catarrhine and hominoid dental morphology support Kapi ramnagarensis as a stem hylobatid.

Fossil gibbons are exceedingly rare, with much of the hylobatid fossil record and, consequently, hylobatid evolutionary history remaining unknown. Kapi ramnagarensis was described as a stem hylobatid on the basis of an isolated lower right M from ∼13.0-12.