Infection, reinfection, and postvaccination incidence of SARS-CoV-2 and associated risks in healthcare workers in Tamil Nadu: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: The study was conducted in response to the need to understand the incidence of SARS-CoV2 infection and its determinants in healthcare workers (HCWs) and describe the epidemiology and presentation of reinfection cases. Also, we intended to determine the incidence of post-vaccination infections among health care workers as well as the contributing factors.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective cohort design was used to quantify the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection among HCWs.

An adaptive-neuro fuzzy inference system based-hybrid technique for performing load disaggregation for residential customers.

Effective and efficient use of energy is key to sustainable industrial and economic growth in modern times. Demand-side management (DSM) is a relatively new concept for ensuring efficient energy use at the consumer level. It involves the active participation of consumers in load management through different incentives.

Respectful Maternity Care Initiative: A Qualitative Study.

Aim: To assess the available standards for respectful maternity care in a public maternity hospital by evaluation of responses to a questionnaire given to birthing women.

Methodology: Assessment was done to find out the level of respectful maternity care provided under the most sensitive and important areas, namely (1) confidentiality and privacy, (2) physical harm or ill treatment, (3) dignity and respect, (4) left without care, (5) right to information, informed consent, and choice/preferences, by obtaining the response of birthing women.

Results: Confidentiality and Privacy: No birthing woman (0%) expressed her opinion that she was dissatisfied with privacy provided at any time of her stay in the hospital.

Elucidating the inhibitory mechanism of yeast α-glucosidase by phytocompounds from through and approach.

Antidiabetic activity of herb used in traditional medicine is well established, yet, the molecular mechanism is not understood. In this study, in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of aqueous extract and its kinetics were investigated and in silico analysis was carried out. showed potent inhibition of α-glucosidase with low ICvalue (30 μg/mL).

Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index in Differentiating Progressive Supranuclear Palsy from Parkinson's Disease among South Indian Population: A Retrospective Case Control Study.

 Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder which comes under Parkinsonism plus syndrome. As this spectrum of disease has many overlapping clinical as well as imaging findings, some quantitative parameters like magnetic resonance Parkinsonism index and midbrain/pons ratio are useful to differentiate PSP from other PD patients.  The study aimed to detect sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance Parkinsonism index in differentiating PSP from PD.

Pseudotumor Cerebri Complicating Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in a Child.

Purpose: To report a case of pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) in a child associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), associated with presumed coronavirus disease 2019.

Methods: A previously healthy 11-year-old female child presented with a 4-day history of fever, headache, vomiting, and loose stools. Laboratory investigations revealed neutrophilic leukocytosis, and markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, ferritin, and interleukin-6) were significantly elevated.

Dexamethasone 12 mg versus 6 mg for patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxaemia: a pre-planned, secondary Bayesian analysis of the COVID STEROID 2 trial.

Purpose: We compared dexamethasone 12 versus 6 mg daily for up to 10 days in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe hypoxaemia in the international, randomised, blinded COVID STEROID 2 trial. In the primary, conventional analyses, the predefined statistical significance thresholds were not reached. We conducted a pre-planned Bayesian analysis to facilitate probabilistic interpretation.

Effect of 12 mg vs 6 mg of Dexamethasone on the Number of Days Alive Without Life Support in Adults With COVID-19 and Severe Hypoxemia: The COVID STEROID 2 Randomized Trial.

Importance: A daily dose with 6 mg of dexamethasone is recommended for up to 10 days in patients with severe and critical COVID-19, but a higher dose may benefit those with more severe disease.

Objective: To assess the effects of 12 mg/d vs 6 mg/d of dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A multicenter, randomized clinical trial was conducted between August 2020 and May 2021 at 26 hospitals in Europe and India and included 1000 adults with confirmed COVID-19 requiring at least 10 L/min of oxygen or mechanical ventilation.

Operational planning steps in smart electric power delivery system.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of advanced technologies with various control approaches in terms of their respective merits and outcomes for power grids. Distributed energy storage control is classified into automatic voltage regulator and load frequency control according to corresponding functionalities. These control strategies maintain a power balance between generation and demand.

Clinical, Morphological, and Optical Correlates of Visual Function in Patients With Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.

Purpose: The purpose of this article was to study the clinical, optical, and morphological correlates of visual function in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).

Methods: The case records were analyzed for patients diagnosed with FECD between September 2019 and March 2020. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded as decimal visual acuity and converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units.

Effect of BCG vaccination on proinflammatory responses in elderly individuals.

We investigated the influence of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination on the unstimulated plasma levels of a wide panel of cytokines, chemokines, acute-phase proteins (APPs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and growth factors in a group of healthy elderly individuals (age, 60 to 80 years) at baseline (before vaccination) and 1 month after vaccination as part of our clinical study to examine the effect of BCG on COVID-19. Our results demonstrated that BCG vaccination resulted in diminished plasma levels of types 1, 2, and 17 and other proinflammatory cytokines and type 1 interferons. BCG vaccination also resulted in decreased plasma levels of CC, CXC chemokines, APPs, MMPs, and growth factors.

Role of bioglass in enamel remineralization: Existing strategies and future prospects-A narrative review.

Enamel, once formed, loses the ability to regenerate due to the loss of the formative ameloblasts. It is subjected to constant damaging events due to exposure to external agents and oral microbiomes. An enamel remineralization process targets to replenish the lost ionic component of the enamel through a multitude of methods.

Molecular docking and dynamics studies of curcumin with COVID-19 proteins.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is a positive-strand RNA virus. The SARS-CoV-2 genome and its association to SAR-CoV-1 vary from ca. 66 to 96% depending on the type of betacoronavirideae family members.

Knowledge, attitude and practices towards COVID-19 among higher education students in India: a cross sectional study.

Aim: This study explored the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of higher education students towards COVID-19. In addition, this study analysed the association of socio-demographic variables with KAP apart from finding the relationship between KAP.

Subject And Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in India.

Analysis of Immune Cells on Donor Corneal Endothelium After Corneal Transplantation Using the HRT-Rostock Cornea Module.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the immune cells on corneal endothelium of the graft in patients who underwent penetrating keratoplasty (PK), Descemet-stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: A total of 43 eyes of 43 patients who underwent PK (17 eyes), DSEK (13 eyes), and DMEK (13 eyes) and who did not show any sign of graft rejection were recruited for the study. Patients who underwent cataract surgery (26 eyes) served as controls.

Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Posttransplant Outcomes in Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Older Adult Recipients.

The impact of increasing recipient age on morbidity and mortality following living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) remains controversial. The study aims to analyze the impact of recipient age on outcomes following LDLT. Data on adult LDLTs performed between November 2009 and February 2020 were retrieved from a prospectively maintained database.

Detection of postlaser vision correction ectasia with a new combined biomechanical index.

Purpose: To validate and evaluate the use of a new biomechanical index known as the Corvis biomechanical index-laser vision correction (CBI-LVC) as a method for separating stable post-LVC eyes from post-LVC eyes with ectasia.

Setting: 10 clinics from 9 countries.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, clinical study.

Modeling predonation testing strategies in platelet donations - Approach from low throughput apheresis blood center from India.

Background: Hospital-based blood centers in India adopt pre-donation testing for transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) before plateletpheresis donations. However, the WHO emphasizes on TTI tests be performed on samples collected during the donation process. The study objective was to determine whether cost implications by adopting product testing along with predonation testing or only product testing strategy in platelet donation in Indian blood centers.

Higher vs lower doses of dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxia (COVID STEROID 2) trial: Protocol and statistical analysis plan.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in millions of deaths and overburdened healthcare systems worldwide. Systemic low-dose corticosteroids have proven clinical benefit in patients with severe COVID-19. Higher doses of corticosteroids are used in other inflammatory lung diseases and may offer additional clinical benefits in COVID-19.

Higher vs Lower Doses of Dexamethasone in Patients with COVID-19 and Severe Hypoxia (COVID STEROID 2) trial: Protocol for a secondary Bayesian analysis.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to severe hypoxic respiratory failure and death. Corticosteroids decrease mortality in severely or critically ill patients with COVID-19. However, the optimal dose remains unresolved.

Knowledge on cervical cancer and perceived barriers to the uptake of HPV vaccination among health professionals.

Background: Despite the fact that cervical cancer is preventable and curable in the early stages, it still remains to be a major public health problem in India. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness regarding the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination among health care professionals working in a tertiary care hospital in urban India.

Methods: To this aim, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 318 health care professionals working in tertiary hospitals across Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Characteristics of pedestrian injuries caused due to impacts with powered 2-wheelers in India.

This study aims to understand the nature, severity, and sources of injuries sustained by pedestrians involved in crashes with powered 2-wheelers (PTWs) in India. Further, it aims to understand the pedestrian injury pattern and injury mechanism based on the pedestrian contact location on the PTW. Eight years of field data from the Road Accident Sampling System-India (RASSI) database were considered for the study.

Ultrasound imaging for the differential diagnosis of periapical lesions of endodontic origin in comparison with histopathology - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Differentiating periapical lesions is important for treatment planning and subsequent treatment outcome.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound imaging for the differentiation of periapical lesions in comparison with histopathology.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and ProQuest databases were searched for clinical studies published until June 2020 that evaluated the use of ultrasound (US) imaging for differential diagnosis of periapical lesions and used histopathology as the reference standard.

Inhibitory effect of cathepsin K inhibitor (ODN-MK-0822) on invasion, migration and adhesion of human breast cancer cells in vitro.

Approximately 90% of patients with advanced breast cancer develop bone metastases; an event that results in severe decrease of quality of life and a drastic deterioration in prognosis. Therefore, to increase the survival of breast cancer patients, the development of new therapeutic strategies to impair metastatic process and skeletal complications is critical. Previous studies on the role of cathepsin K (CTSK) in metastatic spreading led to several strategies for inhibition of this molecule such as MIV-711 (Medivir), balicatib and odanacatib (ODN) which were on trial in the past.