Synergistic Pd/Ag-Catalyzed Domino Reaction: Access to Tetrahydropyrano[4,3-]pyran and Hexahydrofuro[2,3-]pyran.

We report the Pd-catalyzed and Ag-mediated temperature-dependent divergent synthesis of tetrahydropyrano[4,3-]pyran and hexahydrofuro[2,3-]pyran derivatives from a single substrate, alkynols. The reaction involves homocoupling of alkynols to form two C-O bonds and one C-C bond, resulting in tetrahydropyrano[4,3-]pyran cores at a high temperature (110 °C). Exposing tetrahydropyrano[4,3-]pyrans to a 200 W tungsten filament bulb yields tetrahydrofuro[2,3-]pyrans.

Cu(II)-NHC Catalyzed Insertion of Quinoid Carbenes into -Epoxides: Stereoselective Synthesis of -Dihydronaphthodioxine.

A straightforward synthesis of -dihydronaphthodioxine has been efficiently accomplished through Cu(II)-NHC catalysis, involving the stereoselective ring opening of -epoxides with quinoid-carbene. Intramolecular S2-like substitution facilitates the inversion of stereochemistry during -epoxide ring opening. This reaction has been developed under simple conditions, demonstrating a broad substrate scope with a wide chemoselective profile.

Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists and risk of diabetic retinopathy: a disproportionality analysis using FDA adverse event reporting system data.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists are commonly prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Concerns have emerged regarding their potential link to diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: To evaluate the association between GLP-1 agonists and DR, a disproportionality analysis was conducted using FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data from Q4/2003 to Q2/2024 via OpenVigil 2.

Substituent effect in protein binding, optical, electrochemical, and antimicrobial properties of dipyrazinylpyridine ligands.

A series of 2,6-di(pyrazine-2-yl)pyridine (dppy) ligands - of varying substituents of different electronic nature (-NMe, -OMe,-Me, and -Cl) in the 4-position of the pyridine moiety has been designed and synthesized to study the binding behavior of the dppy ligands towards Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), a low-cost serum albumin protein. The interaction between ligands and BSA has been studied using UV-Visible and fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking studies. The fluorescence of BSA was found to be quenched in the presence of all the ligands , in which ligand , having the most electron donating group NMe exhibits the maximum binding affinity towards BSA.

Decoding the Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Fight against .

Tuberculosis (TB), a leading infectious disease caused by the pathogen , poses a significant treatment challenge due to its unique characteristics and resistance to existing drugs. The conventional treatment regimens, which are lengthy and involve multiple drugs, often result in poor patient adherence and subsequent drug resistance, particularly with multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains. This highlights the urgent need for novel anti-TB therapies and new drug targets.

Virtual Reality-Based Attention Prediction Model in Gaming for Autistic Children.

Nowadays, virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a successful new therapeutic strategy in a variety of sectors of the health profession, including rehabilitation, the promotion of inpatients' emotional wellness, diagnostics, surgeon training and mental health therapy. This study develops a new model VRAPMG for children with ASD with the following steps that consider 3D gaming. In this work, the face image is considered to evaluate the attention of the children.

Plasmonic Slippery Surface for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Protein Adsorption Inhibition.

Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) are a class of surface that offers low contact angle hysteresis and low tilt angle for water droplet shedding. This property also endows the surface with pinning-free evaporation, which in turn has been exploited for analyte concentration enrichment for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic applications and antibiofouling. Herein, we demonstrate a facile approach for creating SLIPS with low contact angle hysteresis and low tilt angle for water shedding by coating the equal-volume mixture of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and silicone oil.

Photoinduced stereoselective reactions using pyridinium salts as radical precursors.

Pyridinium salts are amine surrogates that are abundant in nature and the redox active nature of the pyridinium salts allows them to serve as precursors for generating radical species under mild conditions that can be initiated by light, heat or metal catalysis. The stereoselective formation of products has always been a topic of interest for synthetic chemists worldwide. In this context, pyridinium salts can readily undergo single electron reduction to form a neutral radical, and the N-X bond's subsequent fragmentation furnishes the X radical without any harsh reaction conditions.

Measurement of multidifferential cross sections for dijet production in proton-proton collisions at .

A measurement of the dijet production cross section is reported based on proton-proton collision data collected in 2016 at by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36.3 . Jets are reconstructed with the anti- algorithm for distance parameters of and 0.

Tissue-invasive Pathogens in Periodontitis Patients and Their Correlation with Pro-inflammatory Markers: An Analytical Case-control Study.

Aim: Tissue-invasive bacteria have been proposed to be a crucial factor in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis, with the probable interaction of tissue-invasive bacteria with the innate immune response through inflammasomes, perpetuating periodontal attachment loss. This study aims to reveal the correlation between such tissue-invasive bacteria in upregulating inflammasomes and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Materials And Methods: This study recruited a total of 10 patients with stage III/IV and grade C periodontitis based on the bone loss to age ratio.

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Ultrasonography and Color Doppler in Diagnosis of Intraosseous Jaw Lesions: An Study.

Aim: The current investigation aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography and color Doppler performed in the diagnosis of intraosseous jaw lesions.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 patients with intraosseous jaw lesions between the ages of 12 and 60 were selected for the present study. For every jaw lesion, a preliminary diagnosis was done using preoperative conventional radiographs.

Comparative Evaluation of 4% Articaine and 2% Lignocaine Anesthetic Agents in Children: A Split-mouth Randomized Control Trial.

Aim: The objective of the present study is to assess and compare the effectiveness of two different anesthetic agents, namely, 4% articaine and 2% lignocaine, in the extraction of primary molar teeth in children.

Materials And Methods: The study included 25 children requiring bilateral extractions of primary molar, with extraction performed on one side with 4% articaine and the contralateral side extraction with 2% lignocaine at two separate appointments. The anesthetic efficacy was evaluated objectively by assessing pain and the child's behavior at baseline, during injection and during extraction using the sound, eye, and motor (SEM) scale objectively, and subjectively using the faces pain rating scale (FPS).

Assessment of the Oropharyngeal Space Using CBCT and Its Impact on Volume of Airway Prior and after Denture Placement: Study.

Aim: The current study aimed to assess the oropharyngeal space using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and its effect on airway volume both before and after denture placement.

Materials And Methods: For this investigation, a total of 15 individuals with fully edentulous upper and lower ridges, ranging in age from 40 to 70, were taken into consideration. A recording of the pulmonary function test was made both prior to and following full denture recovery.

Comparative Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Polyetheretherketone with Conventional Interim Prosthetic Materials: An Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the surface roughness and color stability of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with those of conventional interim prosthetic materials like polymethylmethacrylate, bis-acrylic composite, and rubberized diurethane dimethacrylate, following immersion in solutions of varying pH value.

Materials And Methods: A total of 320 circular discs with 10 mm diameter and 2 mm height were divided based on the fabrication ( = 80)-group A: polymethylmethacrylate; group B: bis-acrylic composite; group R: rubberized diurethane; and group P: hot-pressed PEEK-and were subjected to baseline measurement of roughness ( = 40) and color ( = 40) using 3D profilometer and UV-Vis spectrophotometer, respectively. Later, 10 samples from each group were immersed in distilled water, black coffee, green tea, and Pepsi, respectively, for 120 days, and measurements of roughness and color were repeated.

Effectiveness of Fenugreek as an Adjuvant in the Management of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fenugreek as an adjuvant in managing oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), specifically leukoplakia, lichen planus, and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one participants prediagnosed with OPMDs were randomly divided into a study group (SG) and a control group (CG), with 10 participants in SG and 11 in CG, respectively. The SG received 2 gm of fenugreek as an adjuvant with standard systemic treatments tailored to the respective lesions: intralesional injection of vitamin A 1,00,000 IU (Aquasol A) and topical application of triamcinolone acetonide 0.

Navigating the Interconnected World of Tooth Wear, Bruxism, and Temporomandibular Disorders.

Ronsivalle V, Russo D, Cicciù M, et al. Navigating the Interconnected World of Tooth Wear, Bruxism, and Temporomandibular Disorders. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(10): 911-913.

Mitigating PM Induced Myocardial Metal Deposition Through Sodium Thiosulfate Resulted in Reduction of Cardiotoxicity and Physiological Recovery From Ischemia-Reperfusion via Mitochondrial Preservation.

The cardiovascular risks linked to PM include calcification in both vasculature and myocardial tissues, leading to structural changes and functional decline. Through the selection of a clinically proven endogenous agent, sodium thiosulfate (STS), capable of addressing PM related cardiac abnormalities, we not only address the absence of effective solutions to mitigate PM toxicity, but also provide evidence for the repurposing potential of STS in ameliorating PM induced cardiac damage. Female Wistar rats were exposed to PM (250 μg/m) for 3 h daily for 21 days.

Structural Changes in Atomically Precise Ag Nanoclusters upon Sequential Attachment and Detachment of Secondary Ligands.

Elucidating the structural dynamics of ligand-stabilized noble metal nanoclusters (NCs) is critical for understanding their properties and for developing applications. Ligand rearrangement at NC surfaces is an important contributor to structural change. In this study, we investigate the dynamic behavior of ligand-protected [Ag(L)] NC's (L = 1,3-benzenedithiol) interacting with secondary ligand 2,2'-[1,4-phenylenebis (methylidynenitrilo)] bis[benzenethiol] (referred to as ).

Delving Into lncRNA-Mediated Regulation of Autophagy-Associated Signaling Pathways in the Context of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is a multifaceted and prevalent malignancy, impacting a considerable proportion of women globally. Numerous signaling pathways intricately regulate cellular functions such as growth, proliferation, and survival. Among the various regulators, lncRNAs have emerged as significant players despite their inability to encode proteins.

Pharmacophore-based virtual screening of the chromone derivatives as potential therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease is one of the most complex neurological disorders and millions of people are suffering from this disease all over the world. In the past two decades acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been the most explored pathological hallmark. The generation of potent AChE inhibitors has grown as a rapid pathological tool for the efficacious treatment of the disease.

Investigating the influence of blood meal sources on the composition of culturable haemolytic gut bacteria of a wild-caught BTV vector Culicoides oxystoma Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).

Culicoides oxystoma Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) transmits many pathogens, including seven viruses, four protozoa and one nematode. This species has a wide distribution range across northern Afro-tropical, Palearctic, Australian, Indo-Malayan realms with a broad host spectrum, including cattle, buffaloes, sheep, pigs, dogs, horses and even humans. The heterogeneous nature of Culicoides' blood-feeding patterns is well documented, but the influence of various host blood meal sources on gut bacterial composition remains scant.

Antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial efficacy of germinated Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum basilicum seed.

Background: The edible seeds of Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum basilicum were found to be a potent source of phytochemicals with noteworthy antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to investigate the impact of germination and extraction solvents (ethanol (EtOH), distilled water) on the therapeutic properties exhibited and the ability of seed extracts to act as natural food preservatives.

Results: The EtOH extracts of germinated O.