A study on the variability and correlation of ocular biological measurement parameters in adult myopic patients.

Objective: This study aims to explore the differences in ocular parameters among adult myopic patients with different degrees of myopia and axial lengths, and to investigate the correlations between these ocular parameters.

Methods: This single-center observational study collected clinical data from myopic patients aged 18-45 years who visited the Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January and June 2023. The data included laterality, diopter of spherical power (DS), diopter of cylindrical power (DC), spherical equivalent (SE), axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), flat meridian keratometry (K1), steep meridian keratometry (K2), mean keratometry (Km), anterior chamber depth (ACD), corneal radius of curvature (CRC), and axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio (AL/CRC).

Asperulosidic acid inhibits the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway to suppress endotoxin-induced uveitis.

Introduction: Uveitis, a severe inflammatory disease affecting the uvea, is associated with visual impairment and irreversible blindness. Asperulosidic Acid (ASPA), derived from , is known for its notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics.

Methods: The present study explored the potential anti-inflammatory effects and the fundamental processes of ASPA by injecting it or a placebo into the vitreous of rats with endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU).

Correlations of anterior and posterior corneal parameters in Chinese myopic patients: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: Whether the correlations between anterior and posterior corneal parameters vary according to different conditions is unknown. We aimed to investigate the anterior-to-posterior correlations of corneal parameters according to different refractive status and anterior segment dimension.

Methods: A total of 8,365 myopic eyes undergoing refractive surgery between 2017 and 2019 from multiple ophthalmic centers were consecutively included in the study.

Engineered Neutrophil Nanovesicles for Inhibiting Corneal Neovascularization by Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-VEGF, and Chemoexcited Photodynamic Therapy.

Corneal neovascularization (CorNV) develops under various pathological conditions and is one of the main causes of blindness. Due to that CorNV progression involves multiple steps, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs alone could not sufficiently suppress this process, highlighting an urgent need for an efficient delivery system for the multi-step management of CorNV. In this study, a neutrophil nanovesicle-based eye drop (NCCR) is developed for CorNV therapy that simultaneously inhibits angiogenesis and inflammation, while eliminating pathological cells through chemoexcited photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Integrated analysis of genetic, proteinic, and metabolomic alterations in Behcet's disease.

Numerous studies have investigated the alterations of genes, proteins, and metabolites in Behcet's disease (BD). By far, little is known about the depiction of panoramic changes underlying this disease. This study purposed to assess the consistently dysregulated genes, proteins, and metabolites in BD across publications using the vote-counting approach.

Hereditary Vitreoretinopathies: Molecular Diagnosis, Clinical Presentation and Management.

Hereditary vitreoretinopathies (HVRs), also known as hereditary vitreoretinal degenerations comprise a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders of the retina and vitreous, collectively and variably characterised by vitreal abnormalities, such as fibrillary condensations, liquefaction or membranes, as well as peripheral retinal abnormalities, vascular changes in some, an increased risk of retinal detachment and early-onset cataract formation. The pathology often involves the vitreoretinal interface in some, while the major underlying abnormality is vascular in others. Recent advances in molecular diagnosis and identification of the responsible genes and have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis, risks and management of the HVRs.

CryoEM structure and small-angle X-ray scattering analyses of porcine retinol-binding protein 3.

The vertebrate visual cycle hinges on enzymatically converting all--retinol (at-ROL) into 11--retinal (11c-RAL), the chromophore that binds to opsins in photoreceptors, forming light-responsive pigments. When struck by a photon, these pigments activate the phototransduction pathway and initiate the process of vision. The enzymatic isomerization of at-ROL, crucial for restoring the visual pigments and preparing them to receive new light stimuli, relies on various enzymes found in both the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium cells.

SMILE-Derived Corneal Stromal Lenticule: Experimental Study as a Corneal Repair Material and Drug Carrier.

Purpose: A detailed study of the physicochemical properties of SMILE-derived lenticules and evaluation of their drug delivery after loading with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).

Methods: The lenticules were decellularized and modified with crosslinking concentrations of 0.01 (0.

Impaired axonal transport contributes to neurodegeneration in a Cre-inducible mouse model of myocilin-associated glaucoma.

Elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) due to trabecular meshwork (TM) dysfunction, leading to neurodegeneration, is the pathological hallmark of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Impaired axonal transport is an early and critical feature of glaucomatous neurodegeneration. However, a robust mouse model that accurately replicates these human POAG features has been lacking.

Fundus Autofluorescence Variation in Geographic Atrophy of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Clinicopathologic Correlation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop ground-truth histology about contributors to variable fundus autofluorescence (FAF) signal and thus inform patient selection for treating geographic atrophy (GA) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: One woman with bilateral multifocal GA, foveal sparing, and thick choroids underwent 535 to 580 nm excitation FAF in 6 clinic visits (11 to 6 years before death). The left eye was preserved 5 hours after death.

Chlorhexidine Compared with Povidone-Iodine in Intravitreal Injection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Povidone-iodine (PI) is the standard antiseptic for intravitreal injections (IVIs), while chlorhexidine (CHX) is a potential alternative. The efficacy of PI versus CHX in preventing endophthalmitis remains debated, with studies showing mixed results. To compare the effectiveness of using PI compared with CHX in IVI procedures regarding endophthalmitis rates, culture-positive endophthalmitis rates, and changes in visual acuity.

Ocular Biometry OCR: a machine learning algorithm leveraging optical character recognition to extract intra ocular lens biometry measurements.

Given close relationships between ocular structure and ophthalmic disease, ocular biometry measurements (including axial length, lens thickness, anterior chamber depth, and keratometry values) may be leveraged as features in the prediction of eye diseases. However, ocular biometry measurements are often stored as PDFs rather than as structured data in electronic health records. Thus, time-consuming and laborious manual data entry is required for using biometry data as a disease predictor.

Alternations of interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with acute acquired concomitant esotropia: a resting state fMRI study using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in cerebral hemispheric functional connections in patients with acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) and their relationship with clinical manifestations, utilizing voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC).

Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted involving 32 AACE patients and 31 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HC). The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) signals, binocular vision function, and psychometric scale scores were collected rs-fMRI data and structural image data were analyzed for VMHC, and a two-sample -test was used to analyze the differences in VMHC between groups.

Barriers to Adherence with Clinic Visits in Patients with Uveitis.

Purpose: To assess the patient barriers to adherence with appointment follow-up in patients with ocular inflammatory disorders across the United States.

Methods: This was a multicenter study of adult and pediatric patients at the Wilmer Eye Institute, University of Texas at Austin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Veterans Administration Hospital, and Washington University of St. Louis.

Antioxidant MitoQ increases viability of human corneal endothelial cells with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy-associated mutations.

Purpose: To assess the impact of MitoQ, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, on viability of human corneal endothelial cell (hCEnC) lines expressing mutations associated with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED) and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy type 4 (FECD4).

Methods: wildtype () and mutant () hCEnC lines were created to express either variant 2 (V2) or variant 3 (V3) by stable transduction of hCEnC-21T with lentiviruses containing either or one of the following mutations: V2 (V3) mutants c.374 G>A (c.

Comparison of different decellularization methods for human anterior lens capsules.

Background: Human anterior lens capsules (ALCs) have great potential in the treatment of multiple eye diseases, including corneal ulcers, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and macular holes. ALCs are also regarded as promising scaffolds for various ocular cells. Here, we investigated different decellularization methods for removing lens epithelial cells (LECs) that adhered to ALCs.

Vitreomacular traction - a review.

Vitreomacular traction (VMT) is characterised by abnormal adhesion of the posterior cortical vitreous with the macula causing distortion of the foveal contour and associated with symptoms of reduction in visual acuity and/or metamorphopsia. This review article explores the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic and treatment options for VMT. Advances in imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) have revolutionized the understanding of the vitreoretinal interface abnormalities and helps in monitoring the disease progression.

Family and genetic counseling in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.

Aim: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) predominantly manifests during adolescence or young adulthood, resulting in sudden and profound vision loss in individuals who previously had normal vision. This abrupt change significantly impacts daily life, necessitating emotional support, counseling and low-vision rehabilitative services to help affected individuals cope with the shock and adapt to their residual vision. The psychosocial burden of dealing with vision loss extends beyond the individuals directly affected by LHON, affecting matrilineal relatives who face the dual challenges of grieving for their loved one's vision loss and managing their own uncertainty about potential vision loss and its familial implications.

A novel frameshift variant in the gene is associated with recessive oculodentodigital dysplasia.

Background: Oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD) is a rare syndrome that causes a constellation of facial, ophthalmic, dental, and limb abnormalities. Variants in the gap junction alpha-1 () gene have been described in patients with ODDD. Hereby we present the ocular manifestations in a patient with recessive ODDD due to a novel homozygous frameshift variant in .

Complications After Incisional/Excisional Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery-An Update and Literature Review.

Purpose: To discuss comprehensively the varied complications after stent-less incisional or excisional minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).

Method: A review of reported complications after stent-less MIGS procedures including gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT), bent needle goniectomy (BANG), Kahook-dual blade goniotomy, and microincisional trabeculectomy (MIT) published between 2014-2024, were analyzed and summarized.

Results: Apart from hyphema, peripheral anterior synechiae, and intraocular pressure spikes, other vision-threatening complications like cyclodialysis, Descemet's detachment, corneal edema, iridodilalysis, vitreous loss or vitreous hemorrhage can also occur intra- or postoperatively after any incisional or excisional MIGS procedures.

Identifying the greatest surgeon-perceived barriers and challenges in performing corneal transplantation in India.

Objective: There is currently no systematic method of assessing limitations in performing corneal transplantation. The purpose of the study was to identify the limitations of performing corneal transplantation in India.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

Exploring the safety and feasibility of intracameral Aprokam® (cefuroxime sodium) in pediatric cataract surgery.

Purpose: To describe the safety and assess the feasibility of using intracameral cefuroxime sodium (Aprokam®) during congenital cataract surgery as a preventive measure for endophthalmitis.

Design: Monocentric, prospective, observational pilot study.

Setting: San Giuseppe Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Computed Tomography - Dacryocystography Guided Management of Traumatic Secondary Acquired Lacrimal Duct Obstruction: SALDO Update Study (SUP) - Paper V.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of computed tomography-dacryocystography (CT-DCG) in the management of traumatic secondary acquired lacrimal duct obstruction (SALDO) and study its correlation with the intra-operative findings.

Methods: Retrospective interventional case series. Eighty-five lacrimal drainage systems (LDS) of 79 patients diagnosed with traumatic SALDO, who underwent pre-operative CT-DCG, between January 2019 and June 2023, were analyzed.

Intraocular Inflammation Following Intravitreal Faricimab Injection in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

We herein report intraocular inflammation (IOI) following intravitreal (IVT) faricimab injection in three patients. A 73-year-old male, a 68-year-old female, and an 82-year-old female, all diagnosed with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), had received multiple anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections for the same. They were injected with IVT faricimab due to non-response to other agents.