Rational design and synthesis of atomically precise nanocluster-based nanocomposites: a step towards environmental catalysis.

Atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess distinct properties that can present challenges in certain applications. However, integrating these materials to create new composite functional materials has gained significant interest due to their unique characteristics through a range of applications, particularly in catalysis. Considering MOFs as hosts and NCs as guests, several synergistic effects have been observed in composites, particularly in environmental catalytic reactions.

Can conformational flexibility influence the self-assembly behavior and sensing efficacy of fluorogenic amphiphiles? A case study with bisbenzimidazole-based probes.

In this work, we have explored the metal ion sensing properties of two bisbenzimidazole-based fluorescent probes, that differ in their conformational flexibility, in an aqueous medium. The compound with a flexible methyl spacer (1) experienced blue shifts in its absorption and emission maxima (along with a turn-off response) upon the addition of Hg ions. On the contrary, the compound with a relatively rigid structure (2) showed red shifts in both its absorption and emission maxima (along with a turn-off response) when treated with Hg under similar conditions.

Safety and Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in General Surgery.

Importance: Perioperative bleeding is common in general surgery. The POISE-3 (Perioperative Ischemic Evaluation-3) trial demonstrated efficacy of prophylactic tranexamic acid (TXA) compared with placebo in preventing major bleeding without increasing vascular outcomes in noncardiac surgery.

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of prophylactic TXA, specifically in general surgery.

Novel pain assessment tool specific for pulp symptoms to aid diagnosis.

Aim: Although many pain assessment tools exist, none are specific to the relatively unique presentation of pulpal pain. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel pain assessment tool based on pulp symptoms.

Methodology: A preliminary list of items best-describing pulpitis was developed based on deductive and inductive approaches and the preliminary tool was piloted (n = 80).

KMT2C Polymorphism in Familial Hypospadias.

Hypospadias, a common congenital anomaly of male genitalia, shows significant heritability and familial recurrence, particularly in consanguineous families. This study explored the role of KMT2C polymorphisms in a Yemeni family with two affected siblings. Comprehensive analysis identified 475 unique SNPs in KMT2C, with 59 shared between parents, suggesting common ancestry.

Dosimetric impact of arc simulation angular resolution in single-isocentre multi-target stereotactic radiosurgery.

This study evaluates the dosimetric impact of arc simulation angular resolution in VMAT-based Single Isocentre Multiple Target (SIMT) SRS, focusing on their dependence on target size, isocentre distance, number of arcs, and arc type. A phantom study analysed angular resolution (0.5°, 1°, 2°) effects on dosimetric accuracy for PTVs of 0.

Discovery of novel 'sugarcane totivirus 1' from Saccharum officinarum by high-throughput sequencing.

Background: Sugarcane is cultivated globally and affected by more than 125 pathogens, which lead to various plant diseases. In recent years, high-throughput sequencing (HTS)-based genome analyses have been broadly adopted for the discovery of both characterized and un-characterized viruses from plant samples. In this study, the HTS data of sugarcane pooled sample retrieved from sequence read archive (SRA) were de novo re-assembled using CLC Genomic Workbench.

Role of Acorus calamus extract in reducing exosome secretion by targeting Rab27a and nSMase2: a therapeutic approach for breast cancer.

Background: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by cells that mediate intercellular communication and actively participate in cancer progression, metastasis, and regulation of immune response within the tumour microenvironment. Inhibiting exosome release from cancer cells could be employed as a therapeutic against cancer.

Methods And Results: In the present study, we have studied the effects of Acorus calamus in inhibiting exosome secretion via targetting Rab27a and neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) in HER2-positive (MDA-MB-453), hormone receptor-positive (MCF-7) and triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells.

Sustainable remediation of abandoned coal mines using vermicompost: a case study in Ledo coal mine, India.

Coal mining in India, especially open-cast mining, substantially strengthens the economy while concurrently causing environmental deterioration, such as soil pollution with toxic chemicals and heavy metals. This study sought to examine the efficacy of vermicompost as a remediation technique for Mine Tailing Soil (MTS) in the Ledo Coal Fields. During a 120-day duration, different concentrations of vermicompost (20%, 30%, and 40%) were administered to MTS, and the impacts on soil physicochemical parameters, fertility, and plant growth were evaluated.

Mechanistic insight into neuroprotective effect of standardized ginger chemo varieties from Manipur, India in scopolamine induced learning and memory impaired mice.

Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in cognitive function and behaviour. Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale Roscoe, has been an important ingredient of many Ayurveda formulations to treat neurological disorders. The present study aims to estimate the variation of 6-gingerol content in nine different ginger samples collected from Manipur, India, investigate the neuroprotective potential of the most potent ginger sample against scopolamine-induced cognitively impaired mice, and validate the therapeutic claim by molecular docking analysis.

Comparative evaluation of cellular senescence in naturally aged and stress-induced murine macrophages for identifying optimum senescent macrophage study systems.

Background: The role and relevance of macrophages both as causes and therapeutics of cellular senescence is rapidly emerging. However, current knowledge regarding the extent and depth of senescence in macrophages in vivo is limited and controversial. Further, acute models of stress-induced senescence in transformed/cancerous macrophage cell lines are being used although their efficacy and relevance are not characterized.

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Potential of Endophytic Aspergillus versicolor Isolate from the Medicinal Plant Plectranthus amboinicus.

Endophytic fungi are non-pathogenic organisms that colonise healthy plant tissues asymptomatically. Endophytes derived from medicinal plants are sources for identifying natural products and bioactive compounds with potential uses for industry, medicine, agriculture, and related sectors. In the present study, ethyl acetate crude extracts of four endophytic fungal isolates (CALF1, CALF4, and CASF1) from the medicinal plant Plectranthus amboinicus showed potent antimicrobial activity against the test pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis using disc diffusion assays.

Late-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune rheumatic disease (ARD) that results from the dysregulation of multiple innate and adaptive immune pathways. Late-onset SLE (Lo-SLE) is the term used when the disease is first diagnosed after 50-65 years, though the standard age cut-off remains undefined. Defining "late-onset" as lupus with onset after 50 years is more biologically plausible as this roughly corresponds to the age of menopause.

Red and NIR light-triggered enhancement of anticancer and antibacterial activities of dinuclear Co(II)-catecholate complexes.

Photoactive complexes of bioessential 3d metals, activable within the phototherapeutic window (650-900 nm), have gained widespread interest due to their therapeutic potential. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and light-enhanced anticancer and antibacterial properties of four new dinuclear Co(II) complexes: [Co(phen)(cat)] (Co-1), [Co(dppz)(cat)] (Co-2), [Co(phen)(esc)] (Co-3), and [Co(dppz)(esc)] (Co-4). In these complexes, phen (1,10-phenanthroline) and dppz (dipyrido[3,2-:2',3'-]phenazine) act as neutral N,N-donor ligands, while cat and esc serve as O,O-donor catecholate ligands derived from catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) and esculetin (6,7-dihydroxy coumarin).

Targeting InhA in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: potent antimycobacterial activity of diaryl ether dehydrozingerone derivatives.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global threat, with 10 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths each year. In multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), resistance is most commonly observed against isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF), the two frontline drugs.

Impact of ions, pH and the nature of substrate on the structure and activity of a robust single-stranded DNA binding (SSB)-like protein from Phi11.

The gene gp13 in bacteriophage Phi11 has been annotated as a Single-Stranded DNA binding protein (SSB protein, GenBank accession no. NC_004615.1).

Neurotensin receptor agonist PD149163 modulates LPS-induced enterocyte apoptosis by downregulating TNFR pathway and executioner caspase 3 in endotoxemic mice: insights from in vivo and in silico study.

This study was designed to evaluate the dose-dependent efficacy of neurotensin receptor-1 (NTSR1) agonist PD149163 in the amelioration of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of mice. PD149163 is an analogue of NTS, a GIT tri-decapeptide with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Swiss-albino mice (female/8 weeks/25 ± 2.

Green Synthesis of Eosin-Y Coated Silver Nanoparticles for Sensitive and Selective Fluorometric Detection of L-Dopa.

This study is to produce biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by utilizing aqueous extracts derived from Turnera Sublata (TS) leaves under visible light. Subsequently, these nanoparticles are coated with eosin-yellow (EY) to enhance sensitivity and selectivity in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) detection. This method encompasses the deposition of metal onto the Ag NPs, resulting in the formation of EY-AgNPs.

Emerging nanoplatforms towards microenvironment-responsive glioma therapy.

Gliomas are aggressive intracranial tumors of the central nervous system with a poor prognosis, high risk of recurrence, and low survival rates. Radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy are traditional cancer therapies. It is very challenging to accurately image and differentiate the malignancy grade of gliomas due to their heterogeneous and infiltrating nature and the obstruction of the blood-brain barrier.

Expression of concern: A nanostarch functionalized ionic liquid containing imidazolium cation and cobalt chelate anion for the synthesis of carbamates from amines and dimethyl carbonate.

Expression of Concern for 'A nanostarch functionalized ionic liquid containing imidazolium cation and cobalt chelate anion for the synthesis of carbamates from amines and dimethyl carbonate' by Subodh Kumar and Suman L. Jain, , 2013, , 15214-15218, https://doi.org/10.