Association Between Obesity and Thrombosis During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: A Case-Control Study From a Tertiary Care Center in Kerala, India.

Background Obesity is postulated to be a high-risk factor for thrombosis along with the inherent hypercoagulability of pregnancy. The Confidential Review of Maternal Deaths (CRMD) found that thrombosis was one of the major causes of maternal deaths in Kerala. This study investigates the major risk factor - obesity and its association with thrombosis in our study setting, along with other risk factors.

Reproductive Health Among School Employees in Vijayapura, Karnataka.

Background Cervical cancer typically progresses over 10-20 years, making it a preventable disease and underscoring the importance of screening. In low-resource settings, Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) serve as primary screening tools. This study was conducted as part of the noncommunicable disease camps organized by the government of Karnataka, India.

Safety and Efficacy of Autologous Bone Marrow Derived Mononuclear Cell Transplant in the Management of Various Neurological Disorders.

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP), traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), and muscular dystrophy (MD), among the various other neurological disorders, are major global health problems because they are chronic disorders with no curative treatments at present. Current interventions aim to relieve symptoms alone and therefore emphasize the necessity for new approaches.

Objective: This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) therapy in patients with CP, traumatic SCI, and MD.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Non-communicable Disease Risk Factors Among Non-diabetic and Non-hypertensive Population.

Introduction: Noncommunicable diseases, especially diabetes and hypertension, have emerged as significant public health challenges. Regular screening, even among healthy individuals, is essential for early diagnosis and prevention of complications.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban ward of the Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad municipal corporation in Maharashtra, India, and cluster random sampling was used to collect data.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Nonagenarians: A Dilemma in Treatment Approach.

Stroke is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity, particularly among the elderly population. As the general population ages, cerebrovascular disease is anticipated to increase in prevalence. Strokes can manifest as either hemorrhagic or ischemic events.

Clinical Outcomes of Liver Abscesses in Adults: A 10-Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India.

Purpose Hepatic abscesses remain a significant clinical challenge due to high morbidity and mortality. This research aims to examine the etiological spectrum, management approaches, clinical features, and results in hepatic abscesses in a tertiary care facility in northern India, emphasizing the distinctions among pyogenic liver abscesses (PLAs) and amoebic liver abscesses (ALAs). Methods This retrospective study was done at GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, analyzing 725 patients with hepatic abscesses over a 10-year period.

A Comparative Study of Nalbuphine, Clonidine, and Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvants to Ropivacaine in Epidural Anesthesia for Lower Limb Surgery.

Background: In epidural anaesthesia, the addition of an adjuvant to local anaesthetics enhances the efficacy, thereby providing increased duration and intensity of blockade in lower limb surgeries. The aim was to compare the efficacy, onset, and duration of sensory and motor blockade; haemodynamic changes; and sedative and analgesic effects of nalbuphine, clonidine, and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in epidural anaesthesia.

Methodology: A prospective, randomised, double-blind study among 90 patients after taking consent was divided into three groups (30 patients each; Group D received 15 ml of 0.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in North Bihar and Missed Opportunities for Early Diagnosis.

Background: There are no studies investigating missed opportunities for earlier diagnosis in newly/recently detected Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the region of Bihar, India.

Methods: This study is a single-center cross-sectional study undertaken at the Research Centre for Diabetes Hypertension and Obesity, Samastipur, Bihar, India. The study collected data from newly/recently diagnosed persons with T2DM.

A Phase III, Double-Blind, Randomized, Multicenter, Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of a Fixed-Dose Combination of Metformin Hydrochloride and Myo-Inositol Compared to Metformin in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) poses a significant health concern among reproductive-aged women and is characterized by ovarian dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of metformin and myo-inositol combination therapy compared to metformin monotherapy in patients with PCOS. Materials and methods This was a phase III, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Position Statement on the Use of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in the Management of Aortic Stenosis.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been established as an effective treatment modality in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and the uptake of TAVI is rapidly growing in the Asia-Pacific region. However, there exist a heterogeneity in the management of aortic stenosis and the use of TAVI among countries in the region. Reasons for these differences include anatomic variations, disparity in healthcare resources and infrastructure, and the lack of consensus on the optimal management of AS in the Asia-Pacific region.

Enhanced neurological anomaly detection in MRI images using deep convolutional neural networks.

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and epilepsy, pose significant diagnostic and treatment challenges due to their complexity and the gradual degeneration of central nervous system structures. This study introduces a deep learning framework designed to automate neuro-diagnostics, addressing the limitations of current manual interpretation methods, which are often time-consuming and prone to variability.

Methods: We propose a specialized deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) framework aimed at detecting and classifying neurological anomalies in MRI data.

Prevalence and Predictors for Lean Fatty Liver Disease in General Population Attending a COVID-19 Vaccination Center in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.

Background: There is an international consensus among experts advocating for the classification of fatty liver disease as a metabolic condition. However, some authors have raised concerns that this metabolic-centric framing may result in the underdiagnosis of metabolicdysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in lean individuals. The present study was carried out with the objective of describing metabolic characteristics in MASLD and the prevalence of lean MASLD in the general population.

Clinicoepidemiology and Diagnosis of Hepatitis C: Evaluating HCV Core Antigen Assay as a Diagnostic Tool in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India.

Introduction: One of the main causes of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic hepatitis is the hepatitis C virus (HCV), with significant variability in its genotypes affecting pathogenicity and treatment outcomes. In India, prevalence ranges from 0.5 to 1.

The Effect of Chewing Gum on the Return of Bowel Activity after Colorectal Cancer Surgery.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols advocate for early enteral feeding to prevent postoperative ileus. Chewing gum acts as a type of sham feeding that triggers the cephalic phase of digestion by stimulating the cephalic vagus nerve. This can enhance gastrointestinal motility and may lead to quicker recovery of gas and bowel movements.

Perihilar and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma after Resection: Clinicopathological Characteristics, Outcomes, and Implications for Addition of Chemoradiotherapy.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics, patterns of recurrence, survival outcomes, and implications for the addition of chemoradiotherapy for patients with resected perihilar and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Materials And Methods: For the present retrospective study, we identified 38 and 10 patients with resected perihilar and intrahepatic CCA. In perihilar CCA, adjuvant treatment was given as chemotherapy ( = 13) or chemoradiotherapy ( = 10).

Newer Diagnostic Virological Markers for Hepatitis B Virus Infection.

Unlabelled: Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) remains a major public health problem, leading to various complications such as liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The existing diagnostic markers for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) are limited in distinguishing different CHB phases and intra-hepatic viral replication activity. In the past few years, several non-invasive potential blood markers that reflect viral intra-hepatic replicative state more accurately have been in progress and are gaining importance.

Etiological Profile of Obstructive Jaundice and Acute Cholangitis: Three-year Data from a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India.

Background And Objective: Obstructive jaundice (OJ) and acute cholangitis (AC) are common presentations of biliary obstruction. In Eastern India, data regarding the causes of OJ and AC are scarce. This study aimed to determine the etiological spectrum of OJ and AC in a tertiary center in Eastern India.

Thick-walled Gallbladder: A Pragmatic Management Approach.

Introduction: Thick-walled gallbladder (TWGB) is a common yet non-specific radiological finding associated with a wide range of gallbladder pathologies, including acute and chronic inflammation, infection, and malignancy. Among the inflammatory causes, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare but significant condition that often mimics gallbladder carcinoma. This paper presents a pragmatic approach to the diagnosis and management of TWGB, focusing on the complexities posed by XGC.

Comprehensive Outcomes of the Frey Procedure: A Single-center Perspective.

Introduction: Chronic pancreatitis is a severe, ongoing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by significant abdominal pain and deficiencies in both exocrine and endocrine functions. This condition greatly reduces overall well-being, induces psychological distress, and results in a considerable economic burden. The primary indication for surgical intervention is uncontrollable pain.

Species identification for Indian seafood markets: A machine learning approach with a fish dataset.

The Indian sea fish market is a dynamic and significant sector, contributing to both the domestic economy and the global seafood trade. This fish dataset is specifically curated for machine learning applications in the Indian seafood industry. It includes a comprehensive collection of images representing eight commercially significant fish species native to Indian waters, comprising a total of 8488 images.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Responsible Self-Medication Among Pharmacy Students: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey in Uganda.

Purpose: Rational self-medication (SM) practice among healthcare students is essential to promote the safe, effective, and economical use of medicines for self-diagnosed conditions. The study aimed to assess pharmacy students' knowledge, attitude, and practice about responsible self-medication.

Methodology: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Ugandan pharmacy students for one month from March 1 to March 31, 2024.

Recent trends in the elucidation of complex triterpene biosynthetic pathways in horticultural trees.

Triterpene (C30 isoprene compounds) represents the most structurally diverse class of natural products and has been extensively exploited in the food, medicine, and industrial sectors. Decades of research on medicinal triterpene biosynthetic pathways have revealed their roles in stress tolerance and shaping microbiota. However, the biological function and mechanism of triterpenes are not fully identified.

Academic Pursuits in Teleradiology: At the Crossroads of Technology, Radiology, and Implementation.

Teleradiology is an essential part of modern radiology practice. It enhances efficiencies in image interpretation by improving availability and accessibility of radiologists. Being at the crossroads of technology, diagnostic radiology, and complex workflows, teleradiology provides abundant opportunities for academic engagement and innovative workflows, and allows for research and publication encompassing these multiple facets.

Writing the Discussion in a Research Paper.

This study describes the dos and don'ts of writing the discussion in research papers.