Early Diagnosis of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury: An Achievable Goal?

Solomon R. Early Diagnosis of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury: An Achievable Goal? Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(11):1002-1004.

Role of Intravenous Dexamethasone in Prevention of Postextubation Airway Obstruction in Mechanically Ventilated Children in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To study the efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone in preventing postextubation airway obstruction (PEAO).

Design: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Study Setting: The study was conducted in level 3 PICU at AIIMS, Raipur, India, from December 2019 to September 2022.

Effectiveness of a Need-based Interventional Tracheostomy Care Protocol on Knowledge and Practice of Tracheostomy Care among Nurses.

Aim And Background: Tracheostomy is a commonly conducted surgical intervention in intensive care settings, and many complications result from tracheostomy. The use of an evidence-based methodology for tracheostomy care can effectively mitigate the occurrence of complications. This study aimed to assess tracheostomy complications among patients, determine nurses' knowledge and practice of tracheostomy care, and evaluate the effectiveness of a tracheostomy care protocol (TCP) in terms of improving knowledge and practice of tracheostomy care and reducing complications among patients.

Point-of-care Ultrasonography in Patients with Hepatorenal Syndrome: A Single Center Observational Study.

Aim And Background: A combination of terlipressin and albumin is the standard of care for patients with hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI). The study aimed to compare the venous congestion using lung ultrasound score (LUS) and radiographic assessment of lung edema (RALE) scores among terlipressin responders and nonresponders and survivors and non-survivors.

Materials And Methods: In this single-center, prospective, observational study, we included adult patients with HRS-AKI who had received terlipressin and albumin from 28th April 2022 to 16th October 2022.

Effect of Frailty on Postoperative Outcomes Following Major Abdominal Surgeries: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Frailty poses unique challenges for patients undergoing major cancer surgeries due to their extreme vulnerability to physiological stressors and can be an important factor in determining postoperative outcomes.

Aims And Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the incidence of frailty in patients undergoing major abdominal cancer surgeries and identify the risk factors predicting poor outcomes.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted following institutional ethics approval and CTRI registration.

Lung Ultrasound Score as a Predictor of Clinical Severity and Prognosis in Patients of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia.

Background: To estimate a correlation between change in lung ultrasound aeration score (LUSS) and mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in which lung ultrasound, the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (PaO/FiO ratio), and static lung compliance were performed for five consecutive days since the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (day 1-5) in a 20-bed multidisciplinary intensive care unit in at a tertiary care academic institute in Northern India. A hundred and seventeen ventilated patients were studied for the first 5 days after ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) development.

Enhancing Disaster Preparedness.

Bajan K. Enhancing Disaster Preparedness. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(11):995-996.

Pre-extubation Dexamethasone: Does It Merely Muffle Stridor or Provide Real Benefit for Mechanically Ventilated Children?

Lolam V. Pre-extubation Dexamethasone: Does It Merely Muffle Stridor or Provide Real Benefit for Mechanically Ventilated Children? Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(11):997-998.

Salt Based or BaLanced SolUtion-Trends Existing in Indian Intensive Care Units: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SOLUTE Study).

Introduction: Fluid administration is a commonly practiced intervention in the intensive care unit (ICU) with normal saline being the preferred fluid. We sought to understand the current practice of fluid administration and choice of fluids in Indian ICUs and its effect on renal outcomes.

Materials And Methods: The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM)-endorsed multicenter prospective observational study was conducted on practice of fluid administration in critically ill patients between May 1, 2020, and January 31, 2023.

Author Response: Before the Stump Flow on the TCD in SAH can be Attributed to an SAH Relapse all Other Possible Causes must be Ruled Out.

Salhotra R. Author Response: Before the Stump Flow on the TCD in SAH can be Attributed to an SAH Relapse all Other Possible Causes must be Ruled Out. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(11):1085.

Optimal Nutrition in ICU! Less is More? Food for Thought or Feed for Survival!

Chhallani AA. Optimal Nutrition in ICU! Less is More? Food for Thought or Feed for Survival! Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(11):999-1001.

The Clinical Impression of NDM-producing in Intensive Care Units of the University Referral Hospital in North India.

Aims And Background: Carbapenem-resistant (CRAb), a major public health threat, causes severe infections in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. It resists β-lactam antibiotics through mechanisms like New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM).

Materials And Methods: In ICU patients, 69 species were isolated from 86 non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli.

Evaluation of LMG S-31876 for immunomodulation and stress: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: The study aimed to analyze the safety and effectiveness of the ProBC Plus ( LMG S-31876) supplement across various health parameters, including stress levels, immunoglobulin levels, biochemical parameters, and vital signs.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study was conducted involving 50 subjects diagnosed with ailments related to immune system dysfunction and stress related disorders. Patients were treated with ProBC Plus (2 billion colony-forming units [CFU]) along with a placebo capsule administered once daily for a period of 8 weeks.

Prospects of cold plasma in enhancing food phenolics: analyzing nutritional potential and process optimization through RSM and AI techniques.

Consumption of plant-based food is steadily increasing and follows an augmented trend owing to their nutritive, functional, and energy potential. Different bioactive fractions, such as phenols, flavanols, and so on, contribute highly to the nutritive profile of food and are known to have a sensitivity toward higher temperatures. This limits the applicability of traditional thermal treatments for plant products, paving the way for the advancement of innovative and non-thermal techniques such as pulsed electric field, microwave, ultrasound, cold plasma, and high-pressure processing.

Fungal positivity seen in tertiary care hospital during COVID-19 pandemic.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been prevailing for more than a year, associated with an increased number of opportunistic invasive fungal infections in patients who have been critically ill or immunocompromised. In this retrospective study, details of various clinical specimens received from suspected patients of fungal infections were studied. Fungal cultures were positive in 64% (51 out of 79) of COVID-19-positive patients and 43% (163 out of 381) of COVID-19-negative patients during the second wave of COVID-19 in 2021.

Selenium-based nanomaterials: green and conventional synthesis methods, applications, and advances in dye degradation.

The rapidly expanding industrialization and global increase in economic activities have drawn attention to the concerning accumulation of waste. The textile industry plays a significant role in environmental pollution, especially in and water pollution. Harmful dyes used during the fabrication process are mixed with water bodies through sewage or wastewater ejected from industrial factories.

Novel mixed matrix membranes with indium-based 2D and 3D MOFs as fillers and polysulfone for CO/CH mixed gas separation.

To address the limitations of polymeric membranes, mixed matrix membranes for CO separation from biogas mixtures (CO and CH) have been investigated utilizing various fillers. In this study, we investigated novel MMMs using 3D and 2D indium-based MOFs, MIL-68(In)-NH and In(aip), in a polysulfone polymer matrix. To confirm synthesis, both fillers were subjected to XRD and FTIR analysis, as well as FESEM characterization to assess their 2D and 3D structures.

Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using for photocatalytic degradation of malachite green and reduction of 4-nitrophenol.

Achieving the smallest crystallite/particle size of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) reported to date, measuring 5.2/12.41 nm with () leaf extract, this study introduces a facile green synthesis.

Nanomaterials-plants-microbes interaction: plant growth promotion and stress mitigation.

Soil salinization, extreme climate conditions, and phytopathogens are abiotic and biotic stressors that remarkably reduce agricultural productivity. Recently, nanomaterials have gained attention as effective agents for agricultural applications to mitigate such stresses. This review aims to critically appraise the available literature on interactions involving nanomaterials, plants, and microorganisms.

Identification of novel microRNAs: Biomarkers for pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice model.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most fatal cancer that has affected both male and female populations globally. With poor diagnosis and patient survival rates, it has become a global need for scientists to come to the aid. The main objective of the study was to profile the miRNAs in the serum of Control and DEN-treated mice at different time intervals (4 Weeks, 8 Weeks, 12 Weeks, and 16 Weeks) and identify HCC-associated miRNA as putative early biomarkers along with the miRNA regulated candidate gene which may be involved in HCC.

Effectiveness of Treating Vertical Maxillary Excess Among Non-growing Adult Patients With Skeletal Anchorage System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case Reports From 2008 to 2023.

Vertical maxillary excess presents a complex challenge in orthodontic treatment, necessitating effective anchorage systems for optimal correction. This research is useful to assess the skeletal anchorage system's (SAS) effectiveness in correcting the vertical maxillary excess among adult patients presenting with gummy smiles. This study includes case reports with English full text and examines the global general adult (18+) human population with vertical maxillary excess (VME).

Ulcerative Lesions in the Intertriginous Areas of an Adolescent Female Patient: A Case of Inverse Erosive Lichen Planus.

Lichen planus is a common mucocutaneous disorder that can affect various parts of the body, with its erosive variant typically involving the oral mucosa. This variant rarely affects the skin, and even less commonly, the flexural regions. Here, we present a case of a 14-year-old girl who presented with ulcerated, itchy lesions in the intertriginous areas for one year.

Low-Cost Modification to Enhance Bone Marrow Aspiration Efficiency: A Technical Report.

Bone marrow aspiration is an essential procedure for diagnosing hematological conditions and therapeutic applications, such as bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) therapy for non-union of bones. This report presents a case of a 35-year-old male with femoral non-union treated with BMAC, requiring the collection of a large bone marrow aspirate volume. A novel, low-cost modification to the standard bone marrow aspiration apparatus was developed using components from an intravenous (IV) drip set, including a rubber bulb connector and a luer lock connector.

Comparative Evaluation of Remaining Dentin Thickness Using Manual Protapers, Protaper Gold, and Reciprocating Waveone Gold in Single-Rooted Teeth With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An In-Vitro Study.

Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the remaining dentinal thickness in the single-rooted tooth at the coronal, middle, and apical third using three different rotary instrumentation techniques using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methodology: Sixty-eight noncarious single-rooted teeth were collected and decoronated at the level of cementoenamel junction with a diamond disc. All specimens were randomly divided into three experimental groups - Manual ProTaper Universal (PTU; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), Protaper Gold (PTG; Dentsply Maillefer), Waveone Gold (Dentsply Maillefer) and one control group of 17 teeth each.

Recurrent Hospitalisation in a Child With Hypopigmented Hair: Inborn Errors of Immunity Emerge.

Griscelli syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by pigmentary dilution of skin and hair, recurrent skin and pulmonary infections, neurological manifestations, and immunodeficiency. We present a four-month-old female child with hypopigmented silvery hair and a history of recurrent hospitalisations for respiratory illness. The child was extensively evaluated for inborn errors of immunity (IEI), and the final diagnosis of type 2 Griscelli syndrome was made only after genetic testing.