Aryl Borane as a Catalyst for Dehydrative Amide Synthesis.

Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane B(CF)·HO is reported as a catalyst for dehydrative amidation of carboxylic acids and amines. This protocol is applicable across a wide range of >35 substrates, including aromatic and aliphatic amines and acids, resulting in amides in ≤92% yields. The scalability of the reaction up to 10 mmol, along with the synthesis of drugs such as ibuprofen amide, moclobemide, and phenacetin, demonstrates the industrial potential of our protocol.

Validation of a Pretransplant Risk Prediction Model for Early Allograft Dysfunction After Living-donor Liver Transplantation.

Background: Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) affects outcomes in liver transplantation (LT). Existing risk models developed for deceased-donor LT depend on posttransplant factors and fall short in living-donor LT (LDLT), where pretransplant evaluations are crucial for preventing EAD and justifying the donor's risks.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 2944 adult patients who underwent LDLT at 17 centers between 2016 and 2020.

Self-Assembly of Mycolic Acid in Water: Monolayer or Bilayer.

The enduring pathogenicity of can be attributed to its lipid-rich cell wall, with mycolic acids (MAs) being a significant constituent. Different MAs' fluidity and structural adaptability within the bacterial cell envelope significantly influence their physicochemical properties, operational capabilities, and pathogenic potential. Therefore, an accurate conformational representation of various MAs in aqueous media can provide insights into their potential role within the intricate structure of the bacterial cell wall.

Wastewater biotreatment and bioaugmentation for remediation of contaminated sites at an oil recycling plant.

This work focused on the biotreatment of wastewater and contaminated soil in a used oil recycling plant located in Bizerte. A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and a trickling filter (TF) were used to treat stripped and collected wastewater, respectively. The CSTR was started up and stabilized for 90 days.

Geochemical assessment of groundwater quality using Nemerov's pollution index: a micro-level study in the groundwater critical zone of western Rajasthan, India.

The pollution index is a helpful tool for assessing the quality of groundwater. To assess the water quality in the southern segment of Barmer District (Rajasthan), India, we collected 20 samples of groundwater from the post-monsoon 2021 and pre-monsoon 2022 periods. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness, Cl, SO, F, NO, total dissolved solids, Ca, and Mg were analyzed.

Resolving the Ambiguity of Thermal Reversion in a Nonconjugated Monocyclic Diene-Based Photoswitch for Rechargeable Solar Thermal Batteries.

We report nonconjugated monocyclic dienes (nCMDs) as unique photoswitchable molecules that hold promise for harvesting substantial solar energy and storing it for extended durations. Herein, cyclohepta-1,4-diene and its N-heterocyclic analogue have been considered as prototypical models for investigating photoswitching behavior in nCMDs. Initially, the nonradiative deactivation pathway of nCMD from the low-lying excited state to the [2 + 2]-cycloadduct has been evaluated.

Precision nutrition-based interventions for the management of obesity in children and adolescents up to the age of 19 years.

Background: Precision nutrition-based methods develop tailored interventions and/or recommendations accounting for determinants of intra- and inter-individual variation in response to the same diet, compared to current 'one-size-fits-all' population-level approaches. Determinants may include genetics, current dietary habits and eating patterns, circadian rhythms, health status, gut microbiome, socioeconomic and psychosocial characteristics, and physical activity. ​​​​In this systematic review, we examined the evidence base for the effect of interventions based on precision nutrition approaches on overweight and obesity in children and adolescents to help inform future research and global guidelines.

Risk factor assessment for post-thrombolytic coronary angiogram normalcy in young myocardial infarction patients.

Objectives: Acute myocardial infarction is a critical medical condition that poses a significant risk to life. It is distinguished by the abrupt cessation of blood flow to a specific segment of the cardiac muscle. Acute myocardial infarction accounts for more than 15 % of global mortality annually.

Staged versus Simultaneous Surgery for Adult Spinal Deformity - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta analysis.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of staged versus same-day spinal fusion surgeries in Adult spinal deformity (ASD).

Background: ASD surgeries are associated with high complication rates, ranging from 10% to 40%.

Dithiocarbamate-Based Sequence-Defined Oligomers as Promising Membrane-Disrupting Antibacterial Agents: Design, Activity, and Mechanism.

The emerging prevalence of antimicrobial resistance demands cutting-edge therapeutic agents to treat bacterial infections. We present a synthetic strategy to construct sequence-defined oligomers (SDOs) by using dithiocarbamate (DTC). The antibacterial activity of the synthesized library of SDOs was studied using a Gram-positive and a Gram-negative .

Advancements in genetic engineering for enhanced Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production: a comprehensive review of metabolic pathway manipulation and gene deletion strategies.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are bioplastics produced by few bacteria as intracellular lipid inclusions under excess carbon source and nutrient-deprived conditions. These polymers are biodegradable and resemble petroleum-based plastics. The rising environmental concerns have increased the demand for PHA, but the low yield in wild-type bacterial strains limits large-scale production.

Structural and Mechanistic Insights into the Main Protease (Mpro) Dimer Interface Destabilization Inhibitor: Unveiling New Therapeutic Avenues against SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2 variant recurrence has emphasized the imperative prerequisite for effective antivirals. The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for viral replication, making it one of the prime and promising antiviral targets. Mpro features several druggable sites, including active sites and allosteric sites near the dimerization interface, that regulate its catalytic activity.

Effect of platelet-rich plasma versus placebo or corticosteroid for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The effectiveness of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (IA-PRP) injections for managing pain in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remains inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of IA-PRP.

Methods: A total of 21 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected from various scientific databases, all of which compared PRP to either a placebo or an active comparator, such as corticosteroids (CS), in the treatment of KOA.

Revolutionizing green catalysis: a novel amla seed derived biochar modified g-CN·SOH catalyst for sustainable and versatile synthesis of bis-indoles.

Catalysis plays a vital role in green chemistry by improving process efficiency, reducing waste, and minimizing environmental impact. A biochar-modified g-CN·SOH (BCNSA) catalyst was developed using biochar derived from amla seed powder and CNSA. CNSA was synthesized the reaction of g-CN with chlorosulfonic acid.

Scan and share to register outpatients, India.

Problem: To address the long waiting times patients incur when visiting outpatient departments in India.

Approach: In 2022, the National Health Authority in India developed a paperless service, called Scan and Share, leveraging mobile technology and QR (quick-response) codes to streamline outpatient department appointments. Patients can use a mobile application (app) to scan QR codes at health facilities, generating tokens linked to registration counters.

On some integral inequalities of Grüss type involving the generalized fractional Saigo -integral operator.

Using the generalized Saigo fractional integral operator, the authors of this study prove several novel fractional integral inequalities of the Grüss type. By fixing the values of functions, specific situations derived from previously established findings are shown. The ultimate purpose of this work is to investigate the Grüss-type integral inequalities with the Saigo -integral operator, a more generalized integral operator.

Dynamic nonlinear control strategies for resilient heterogeneous vehicle platooning and handling Byzantine attacks in communication networks.

This paper addresses the challenges of maintaining stability in heterogeneous vehicle platooning under the influence of communication disruptions caused by Byzantine attacks within a leader-follower framework. To enhance resilience, we propose a nonlinear control strategy tailored for a third-order heterogeneous dynamic model, integrating leader-follower interconnections with adaptable control gains. Utilizing a constant time headway spacing policy with gap adjustments, we derive control gains that secure internal platoon stability.

A review of recent advancements in the impact response of fiber metal laminates.

Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional impact resistance, making them attractive for various structural applications. This review presents recent advancements in understanding the impact behavior of FMLs under low- and high-velocity impact scenarios. Low-velocity impacts, commonly encountered during manufacturing, handling, and tool drops, are discussed, with a focus on damage mechanisms, energy absorption capabilities, and influential factors such as impactor geometry and boundary conditions.

Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery: A finite element analysis of open and minimally invasive approach on L4-L5 segment.

Background: To compare the effect of minimally invasive and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) approaches in fusing the L4-L5 segment and predicting the potential risk of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD).

Methods: A computed tomography scan image was processed and the three-dimensional model of the L1-L5 spine was reconstructed. The minimally invasive and Open TLIF finite element models were constructed.

"Leaving no one behind": digital empathy and inclusive media literacy education for young adults on the autism spectrum.

The paper advocates for the necessity of inclusive media literacy education (MLE) and equal opportunities for young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is in alignment with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) 2008 and the Sustainable Development Goal 4 Quality Education (SDG, 2030). It underscores the commitment to 'leaving no one behind', a core tenet of the SDGs, by focusing on developing digital empathy and inclusive MLE for young adults with ASD in the digital age. The study aims to empower young adults with ASD in Chennai, India, with media literacy and digital empathy through a one-day hands-on workshop and to assess the impact of this educational intervention on their understanding and application of media literacy in their daily lives.

Clinical Evaluation of Faricimab in Real-World Diabetic Macular Edema in India- A Multicenter Observational Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of faricimab in real-world clinical settings in India for treating diabetic macular edema (DME) in treatment-naïve and recalcitrant eyes.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study involved 39 eyes (16 treatment-naive and 23 recalcitrant) treated with intravitreal faricimab at four centers in India. Patients received three monthly loading doses followed by a pro-re-nata regimen, with outcomes measured for best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), intraretinal fluid (IRF), subretinal fluid (SRF), and hyperreflective foci (HRF).

Ultrasound B-Scan for Posterior Segment and Extraocular Evaluation in Ocular Cysticercosis.

Purpose: Cysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium larvae, can affect various ocular and extraocular structures, leading to significant morbidity. Ultrasound B-scan imaging plays a pivotal role in diagnosing and classifying cysticercosis lesions. The aim of the study was to describe the ultrasound B-scan characteristics of ocular and extraocular cysticercosis, proposing a classification system based on anatomical localization to enhance understanding and management.