Exploring the functional and immune landscape of E-β thalassemia patients through RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Thalassemia is a hematological disorder caused by mutations in the hemoglobin gene, often necessitating regular blood transfusions. These frequent transfusions exert continuous pressure on patients' immune systems. Despite extensive research on the hematological aspects of thalassemia, few studies have explored the immune status of these patients.

Utilization of refuse-derived fuel in industrial applications: Insights from Uttar Pradesh, India.

Urbanization and population growth in India have quickened, leading to an annual generation of around 62 million tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW). Improper management of organic waste presents a major environmental problem due to air and water pollution, soil contamination and greenhouse gas production. This research aims to develop refuse-derived fuel (RDF) as a viable option, converting waste into a high-calorific energy carrier for industrial use.

Automated Detection of Filamentous Fungal Keratitis on Whole Slide Images of Potassium Hydroxide Smears with Multiple Instance Learning.

Purpose: The diagnosis of fungal keratitis using potassium hydroxide (KOH) smears of corneal scrapings enables initiation of the correct antimicrobial therapy at the point-of-care but requires time-consuming manual examination and expertise. This study evaluates the efficacy of a deep learning framework, dual stream multiple instance learning (DSMIL), in automating the analysis of whole slide imaging (WSI) of KOH smears for rapid and accurate detection of fungal infections.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

A Clinical Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine, Dexamethasone, and Clonidine as Adjuvants to Local Anesthetics in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Blocks.

Introduction: The brachial plexus block is one of the peripheral blocks, beneath which the majority of upper limb surgical procedures are carried out. During upper limb surgery, a supraclavicular nerve block is an excellent substitute for general anesthesia.

Aim: This is a clinical comparative study of dexmedetomidine, dexamethasone, and clonidine as adjuvants to local anesthetics in supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

Mid-term Outcomes of Patella Resurfacing During Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA): Clinical, Functional, and Radiographic Insights.

Aim The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the mid-term implant survivability, rate of revisions, and clinical and functional outcomes following patella resurfacing during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) utilizing posterior stabilized (PS) total knee system (TKS). Methods A prospective, single-arm, multi-center, post-marketing surveillance encompassed patients with end-stage primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) or inflammatory arthritis. The time points of the study included baseline, six weeks, six months, one year, and three years post-operatively.

Study of Outcomes of Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India: A Retrospective Study.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to the global healthcare system. Among the various complications, mucormycosis, a fungal infection caused by the Mucorales order, has emerged as a significant threat, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients treated at a tertiary care hospital in Central India.

Acute Ventricular Dysfunction After Doxorubicin-Based Induction Therapy for Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background Doxorubicin is an important drug used in the treatment of children with acute leukemia, and cardiotoxicity is the most serious complication due to its use. The cardiac dysfunction due to doxorubicin can be acute, early, or late. Echocardiography is a non-invasive tool and can be employed to detect clinical and subclinical cardiac dysfunction and plan treatment strategies accordingly.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome - A Comprehensive Review.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) refers to compression of the posterior tibial nerve as it traverses the tarsal tunnel in the ankle. First described by Keck and Lam in 1962, TTS is an underdiagnosed cause of heel pain and foot dysfunction. The tarsal tunnel contains the tibial nerve, posterior tibial artery, and tendons of the tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus muscles.

N-Arylsulfonylated C-Homoaporphines as a New Class of Antiplatelet and Antimicrobial Agents.

A series of novel N-arylsulfonylated C-homoaporphine alkaloids were synthesized under microwave irradiation and evaluated for their antiplatelet and antimicrobial activities. Among the series, compounds , , , , , , , , and demonstrated highly potent (∼3-fold) platelet aggregation inhibitory activity than acetylsalicylic acid (IC = 21.34 μg/mL).

Optimizing Linezolid: Transforming It into a Selective MAO-B Inhibitor via a Toxicity-to-Activity Optimization Approach.

Linezolid, a widely used oxazolidinone antibiotic, exhibits potent activity against resistant bacterial infections but is associated with serotonergic toxicity, primarily due to its inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO). MAOs, consisting of MAO-A and MAO-B isoforms, play crucial roles in neurotransmitter metabolism, with implications for neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. This study aims to optimize Linezolid's structure to transform it into a selective MAO-B inhibitor.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 5'-Deoxy-adenosine Derivatives as A Adenosine Receptor Ligands.

The A Adenosine Receptor (AAR) is an important therapeutic target due to its role in inflammation and immune response regulation. Herein, we synthesized and evaluated 5'-deoxy-adenosine derivatives with oxygen at the 4'-position, comparing them to previously studied 4'-thionucleosides. Compound exhibited the highest binding affinity ( = 5.

Structure-Based Design of Novel TLR7/8 Agonist Payloads Enabling an Immunomodulatory Conjugate Approach.

Dual activation of the TLR7 and TLR8 pathways leads to the production of type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in efficient antigen presentation by dendritic cells to promote T-cell priming and antitumor immunity. We developed a novel series of TLR7/8 dual agonists with varying ratios of TLR7 and TLR8 activity for use as payloads for an antibody-drug conjugate approach. The agonist-induced production of several cytokines in human whole blood confirmed their functional activity.

Density, Speed of Sound, Refractive Index, and the Derived Properties of Binary Mixtures of ,-Dimethylacetamide with 1-Butanol, 1-Pentanol, Furfural, or Furfuryl Alcohol at Different Temperatures.

The density (ρ), speed of sound (), and refractive index ( ) of ,-dimethylacetamide (DMA) with 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, furfural (FFL), or furfuryl alcohol (FA) as a function of composition and at = 293.15 to 323.15 K with an interval of 10 K and atmospheric pressure were measured.

A new EWMA chart for simultaneously monitoring the parameters of a shifted exponential distribution.

In various scenarios where products and services are accompanied by warranties to ensure their reliability over a specified time, the two-parameter (shifted) exponential distribution serves as a fundamental model for time-to-event data. In modern production process, the products often come with warranties, and their quality can be manifested by the changes in the scale and origin parameters of a shifted exponential (SE) distribution. This paper introduces the Max-EWMA chart, employing maximum likelihood estimators and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) statistics, to jointly monitor SE distribution parameters.

Situational analysis of human and agricultural health practice: One Health and antibiotic use in an indigenous village in rural Punjab, India.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the biggest threats to health globally. The rise of AMR has been largely attributed to the misuse and abuse of antimicrobials in veterinary, human, and agricultural medicine. This study aimed to assess human, livestock, and agricultural health profiles, and practices of One Health and antibiotic use through a situational analysis of an Indigenous village Gurah, in a rural area of Mohali district in Punjab state using a demographic and facility survey.

The role of GATA4 in mesenchymal stem cell senescence: A new frontier in regenerative medicine.

The Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) is a multipotent progenitor cell with known differentiation potential towards various cell lineage, making it an appealing candidate for regenerative medicine. One major contributing factor to age-related MSC dysfunction is cellular senescence, which is the hallmark of relatively irreversible growth arrest and changes in functional properties. GATA4, a zinc-finger transcription factor, emerges as a critical regulator in MSC biology.

Rituximab (monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody) induced posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): A case report and literature review.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an uncommon neurological condition characterized by reversible subcortical vasogenic edema that primarily affects the posterior areas of the brain. Subcortical vasogenic edema resulting from endothelial injury and hypertension is the pathogenesis. Here, we present a 23-year-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis who developed PRES following Rituximab (a monoclonal anti-CD-20 antibody) administration.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome: A rare case of hemiatrophy with chronic seizure disorder.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by cerebral hemiatrophy, leading to seizures, hemiparesis, and cognitive deficits. We report the case of a 20-year-old female with a history of chronic seizure disorder and left-sided hemiparesis. The patient experienced her first seizure at 6 months of age, followed by recurrent generalized tonic seizures throughout childhood.

Correlation of urinary glutathione S-transferase with serum creatinine in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: A prospective and observational study.

Background: Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is difficult to prevent because most patients are diagnosed after they develop it. Standard serum and urine creatinine levels are insensitive and nonspecific for detecting kidney injury in its early stages. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) has received little attention as a biomarker in AKI.

Procedural pain management in neonates: A Narrative review.

Over the past three decades, awareness regarding pain management in neonates has risen significantly. It has been very well established that neonates can perceive, feel, and react to stimuli that cause pain and discomfort to them. Neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are repeatedly subjected to invasive treatments, most of which are painful.

Prognostic accuracy of lactate and procalcitonin in addition to national early warning score in patients with suspected sepsis - A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center.

Background: Sepsis, a major global health concern, leads to millions of deaths annually, hence the need for early and reliable prognostic tools to assess patient risk and guide clinical decision making becomes crucial. This cross-sectional study evaluated the prognostic accuracy of integrating blood lactate and serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels with the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) for predicting mortality in sepsis patients. The objective was to assess whether this lactate and procalcitonin integrated with NEWS score (LP NEWS) could serve as a more effective early prognostic tool compared to established severity scores.

Evaluation of a novel serum marker, interleukin 27, in comparison to procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care center in north India.

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of mortality in children under 5 years of age globally, with the highest incidence reported in India. The challenges in diagnosing neonatal sepsis often result in the irrational use of antibiotics. The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic efficacy of interleukin 27 (IL-27) as a novel biomarker for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.

Triple train collision at Bahanaga Bazar: Disaster response and management: An observational study.

Background: Train collision accidents are tragic events associated with high mortality. The study aimed to comprehensively describe the clinical-epidemiological profile, disaster emergency response, and management following a train collision accident in Odisha, India.

Methods: This observational study was conducted by a tertiary care hospital in eastern India.

Copper catalyzed selective methane oxidation to acetic acid using O.

The direct transformation of methane into C oxygenates such as acetic acid selectively using molecular oxygen (O) is a significant challenge due to the chemical inertness of methane, the difficulty of methane C-H bond activation/C-C bond coupling and the thermodynamically favored over-oxidation. In this study, we have successfully developed a porous aluminium metal-organic framework (MOF)-supported single-site mono-copper(ii) hydroxyl catalyst [MIL-53(Al)-Cu(OH)], which is efficient in directly oxidizing methane to acetic acid in water at 175 °C with a remarkable selectivity using only O. This heterogeneous catalyst achieved an exceptional acetic acid productivity of 11 796 mmol mol h in 9.

Impact of antiparasitic therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in chronic Chagas disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Endemic in more than 20 countries, Chagas disease affects 6.3 million people worldwide, leading to 28,000 new infections and 7700 deaths each year. Previous meta-analyses on antiparasitic treatment need updates to encompass recent studies and to assess key clinically meaningful endpoints.