Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) agitation is a distressing neuropsychiatric symptom characterized by excessive motor activity, verbal aggression, or physical aggression. Agitation is one of the causes of caregiver distress, increased morbidity and mortality, and early institutionalization in patients with AD. Current medications used for the management of agitation have modest efficacy and have substantial side effects.

Drug Development.

Background: Neuroinflammation plays an important role in progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Interlukin-6 (IL-6) is well identified marker in initiating and regulating inflammation, and formation of senile plaques in brain. Therefore, simultaneous inhibition of both IL-6 and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) may be an effective strategy for AD.

Drug Development.

Background: Parkinson's disease is an hypokinetic disorder characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPc) region of mid-brain. Dopaminergic degeneration of neurons is considered to be due to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neurons mitochondrial dysfunction and glutamate excitotoxicity etc. Filgrastim has been reported to produce anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory actions in previous studies.

Drug Development.

Background: Several studies have shown the influential role of nutraceuticals on cognition and mental functions. Dihydroxytrimethoxyflavone, a natural flavone found in herbal drugs, is documented to be neuroprotective in different model systems. Nevertheless, possible memory improvement effects of dihydroxytrimethoxyflavone via nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) (a crucial regulator of antioxidative system) has not been systematically evaluated.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) poses a substantial global health burden, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the neuroprotective potential of a chrysin-loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) drug delivery system in AD management. Employing the high-pressure homogenization method, chrysin-loaded NLCs were meticulously formulated to optimize drug delivery efficiency.

Drug Development.

Background: Various studies have evidenced the neuroprotective role of SIRT1 activator. However, whether SIRT1 activator, Piceatannol pharmacological treatment is protective in chronic unpredictable stress induced memory dysfunction remains unknown. Therefore, this study design included testing the hypothesis that Piceatannol administered in chronic unpredictable stress induced memory dysfunction mice shows protective effects, explores & probes underlying the activation of SIRT1 pathway.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In Alzheimer's, abnormal Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore (mPTP) activity may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal damage. Withanolide A, a naturally occurring compound derived from Withania somnifera, have shown potential neuroprotective effects in various neurological disorders.

Drug Development.

Background: The present study recapitulates the potency of the novel synthesized piperazine-benzoquinone derivative as a lead molecule selectively targeting AChE along with the antioxidative potential for the management of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.

Method: Novel piperazine-benzoquinone derivative was synthesized implementing appropriate synthetic procedures and was characterized by various spectral and elemental techniques. The purity of this synthetic analogue was ascertained by TLC, melting point determination and elemental analyses.

Drug Development.

Background: Cognitive dysfunction emerges as a manifestation of reduced estrogen levels following ovariectomy in an individual. However, the conventional use of estrogen replacement therapy could increase the risk of breast cancer and thromboembolism. Icariin is a natural compound that has been reported to be a neuroprotective agent against dementia.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is accountable for the leading case of dementia in elder people. Before, only symptomatic treatments are available for AD. Since 2021, two anti-amyloid antibodies aducanumab and lecanemab have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the impairment of cognitive development and disruption of neurocognitive function. This neuropathological condition is marked by neurodegeneration, loss of neural tissue, and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and Aβ plaques. Various studies reported the utilization of phytoconstituents like fisetin, quercetin, berberine, and xanthohumol for the treatment of AD.

Drug Development.

Background: SUVN-I7016031 is a novel and selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the M1 subtype of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). The proposed primary indication for SUVN-I7016031 is in the treatment of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). In the current research, the pharmacological properties of SUVN-I7016031 in various types of dementia were investigated.

Drug Development.

Background: Traditionally associated with recreational and spiritual uses, psychedelics have gained attention in psychotherapy for their therapeutic potential. Functioning as potent 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) agonists, these compounds have demonstrated the ability to enhance neural plasticity by activating serotoninergic and glutamatergic systems. Despite these recognized effects, their role in treating neurodegenerative disorders, particularly dementia, remains relatively unexplored.

Drug Development.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a formidable neurodegenerative challenge, characterized by profound cognitive decline. Despite decades of research, effective disease-modifying therapies are elusive. Recent advances in molecular neuropharmacology have unveiled potential therapeutic targets for AD, offering renewed hope.

Comparison of Intubating Conditions Between Direct Laryngoscopy and C-MAC Video-laryngoscopy in Patients With Simulated Cervical Spine Immobilization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Intubation of patients requiring cervical spine immobilization can be challenging. Recently, the use of C-MAC video laryngoscopes (VL) has increased in popularity over direct laryngoscopy (DL). We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of C-MAC VL as compared with DL for intubation in C-spine immobilized patients.

Drug Development.

Background: The present study demonstrates the design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of coumarin-oxadiazole hybrids as potential molecules of therapeutic significance for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.

Method: Eight novel coumarin-oxadiazole hybrids have been synthesized by employing suitable synthetic procedures and characterized by various spectral techniques i.e.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) and its evaluation have been important nowadays as its prevalence in older ages after 60 years. Early identification of dementia can help the world to take preventive measures as most of them are treatable. The cellular Automata (CA) framework is a powerful tool in analyzing brain dynamics and modeling the prognosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Alzheimer's disease is a brain disorder that causes neurodegeneration and is linked with insulin resistance at molecular, clinical, and demographic levels. Defective insulin signaling promotes Aβ aggregation and accelerates Aβ formation in the brain leading to Type III diabetes.

Objective: The objective of this research project is to demonstrate a linkage if any between the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and insulin resistance.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of degenerative disorder that affects the brain. There are various herbal drugs that have been tested for their effectiveness in treating AD, and chrysin is one of them. Chrysin is a polyphenolic flavonoid that has several neuroprotective effects, including reducing the levels of AChE enzyme, accumulated amyloid β, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: The progressive nature of dementia and the complex needs means that people living with dementia require tailored approaches to address their changing care needs over time. These include physical multimorbidity, psychological, behavioural, and cognitive symptoms and possible risks arising from these and helping family caregivers. However, provision of these interventions is highly variable between and within countries, partly due to uncertainty about their efficacy and scarce resources.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Data from high-income countries (HICs) suggest a decline in age-specific incidence rates of dementia. However, this has happened primarily in HICs, with low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) facing two main challenges: a higher burden of risk factors and, in general, a faster ageing population. Most people with dementia live in LMICs, and this is set to increase, thus requiring urgent and robust action to prevent, treat and support people with dementia and their families.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Dementia, including its younger-onset variant, increasingly challenges diverse workplaces, affecting both employees living with dementia and their employers. With a growing global trend of individuals extending their working years, it becomes crucial to understand the specific challenges and implications for those with dementia within various employment contexts. This review delves into the cognitive, interpersonal, and organizational challenges faced by employees living with dementia across a broad range of workplaces, reflecting the evolving dynamics of today's work environment.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Our authors from around the world met to summarise the available knowledge, decide which potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia have compelling evidence and create the most comprehensive analysis to date for potentially modifiable risk factors to inform policy, give individuals the opportunity to control their risks and generate research.

Method: We incorporated all risk factors for which we judged there was strong enough evidence. We used the largest recent worldwide meta-analyses for risk factor prevalence and relative risk and if not available the best data.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Research has consistently shown decreased quality of life (QoL) in people with dementia, with predictors of QoL ranging from education to emotional status. This study, along with a one year follow-up study, investigated the impact of Awe Walks as an intervention targeting emotional status for the first time in dementia. Awe-a positive emotion elicited when in the presence of vast things not immediately understood-promotes social connection and fosters well-being by encouraging a "small self".

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: The 2020 Lancet Commission on dementia prevention, intervention and care estimated that up to 40% of dementia cases could be prevented by tackling 12 potentially modifiable risk factors, namely less education, hearing loss, hypertension, physical inactivity, diabetes, social isolation, excessive alcohol consumption, air pollution, smoking, obesity, traumatic brain injury, depression. As more evidence on risk factors emerges, the Lancet standing commission on dementia met to update evidence on established dementia risk factors and to consider the evidence for other risk factors.

Method: We used a lifecourse approach to understand how to reduce risk or prevent dementia, as many risks operate at different timepoints in the lifespan.