Minimizing the error in the hemoglobin estimation of blood donors as an articulate step toward donors' blood management.

Introduction: Hemoglobin (Hb) estimation in blood donors is conducted using capillary samples on portable hemoglobinometers, representing measurement methods in practice. The reference standard is conducted using a venous sample on a hematology analyzer, representing the mentor measurement method or the true value. The correction involves the calculation of the secondary adjustment factor (SAF) to mitigate the difference between the two values.

Influence of blood transfusion during induction chemotherapy on treatment outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Transfusion is an integral part of supportive care in patients undergoing aggressive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). As transfusion induces immune modulation, the objective of the study was to assess whether the intensity of red blood cell (RBC) and platelet (PLT) transfusion during induction chemotherapy influences complete remission (CR) and overall survival (OS) in newly diagnosed AML patients.

Methods: Details of the number of RBC units and PLT events transfused from diagnosis till completion of induction chemotherapy were collected.

A case report on weak subgroup of A: A.

A end is a weak subgroup of Blood group A, found rarely in general population, not detected by routine forward and reverse blood grouping, detected by Adsorption/Elution technique along with saliva testing for A, B and H antigens. Although it is subgroup of A but it lacks A antigen in saliva and contains only H antigen. A 25y/M was accepted for blood donation and showed weak/mf reaction with anti-A in forward grouping.

Comparison: Imported and Indigenous HIV Fourth-generation immunodiagnostic kits.

Early detection of any disease is always a life-saving methodology for human beings likewise the detection of p24 antigen is always better than the detection of HIV antibodies. In the current era, p24 antigen is added additionally in HIV antibodies detection assays and called HIV fourth-generation immunodiagnostic kit. The different HIV fourth-generation kit having different capacities to pick up the low concentration of analyte as well as represent the detection values in different units.

Evaluating platelet concentrates by platelet indices, thromboelastography, and flow cytometry.

Introduction: Platelet transfusion has been therapeutically used in patients with thrombocytopenia and platelet function defects over the years. The use of advanced techniques may add value in assessing the quality of platelet products. The aim of the study was to assess stored platelet concentrates (PCs) prepared in blood banks for platelet indices, clot strength, and platelet function.

Syncopal reactions in blood donors: Pathophysiology, clinical course, and features.

Vasovagal syncope (VVS) in donors is a transient loss of consciousness due to short-term global cerebral hypoperfusion, which has a rapid onset and has complete spontaneous recovery. VVS may be triggered by pain, fear, anxiety, or emotional upset and loss of blood perse. It is an exaggeration of an adaptive response meant to assist in reducing the amount of bleeding/loss of blood.

The role of blood donation on wheels in the blood collection chain operational logistics during the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Background And Objectives: The blood collection agencies (BCAs) employ two major logistical modes of conduct for outdoor blood collection. First, the collection agency walks to the donor's preferred location for routine blood donation drives. Second, the drive is conducted using a heavy-duty vehicle having all the facilities for blood donation in it - Blood Donation on Wheels - hereinafter referred to as mobile blood drive (MBD).

Managing blood requirement in a rare P-null phenotype patient during the COVID pandemic in a resource-limited setting.

We report the case of a 5-year-old girl with a rare P-null phenotype who presented for a neurosurgical procedure at our center. The case is unique as this patient was one of the two P-null phenotype cases reported in India and we report how we could successfully arrange a rare blood unit for her. As it was challenging to find a donor for her, autologous blood was collected.

Serological comparison of weak D versus weakly reacting D by four different methods.

Introduction: Weak D red cells were defined as having a reduced amount of D antigen (formerly called "Du") that required an indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) for detection. Weakly reacting D is those which give <2+ reactions on routine methods. The present study is sharing our experience on weak D and weakly positive anti-D in various methods.

Pilot study to understand and compare challenges being faced in reporting of transfusion reactions in various types of blood banks enrolled under Haemovigilance Programme of India.

Background: Hemovigilance has become one of the important quality check systems of blood transfusion process, but under/non-reporting of transfusion-associated adverse reactions despite the presence of reporting systems emphasize the need to understand the challenges being faced in active reporting of adverse transfusion reactions.

Aim: To identify and document the possible factors leading to under-reporting and impacting the quality of blood transfusion reactions being submitted under Haemovigilance Programme of India (HvPI).

Settings And Design: This was a cross-sectional, observational type study, carried out in six blood banks, two each of government, private, and stand-alone sectors in Delhi National Capital Region enrolled under HvPI.

Automated red cell exchange in sickle cell disease patients: Retrospective analysis of series of cases in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India.

Red cell exchange is important to treat acutely ill sickle cell patients, but it is time-consuming. An automated red cell exchange technique using cell separators developed by different manufacturers helps in removal of sickled hemoglobin and improving blood viscosity. The use of these cell separators permits automated red cell exchange to be performed safely and smoothly with the isovolemic hemodilution.

Evaluation of two methods for counting residual leukocytes in leukoreduced packed red cells: Flow cytometry and fully automated cell counter.

Background And Objectives: Objective of the study is to explore the possibility of utilization of seven part fully automated hematology analyzer for enumeration of residual leukocytes (residual white blood cells [rWBCs]) in leukoreduced packed red cells (LR-PRCs) prepared from whole blood at a blood center as an alternate to the gold standard method, flow cytometry. In this study, we evaluate the performance characteristic of hematology analyzer against flow cytometry for the estimation of rWBCs in 39 LR-PRC units.

Materials And Methods: PRCs prepared from whole blood donations by 39 donors were leukoreduced and their volumes were noted.

Prevalence of ABO, Rh (D, C, c, E, and e), and Kell (K) antigens in blood donors: A single-center study from South India.

Background: Although ABO and RhD are the clinically significant blood group antigens that are routinely tested for, other blood group antigens may become important in multiply transfused patients due to risk of alloimmunization. Knowledge of antigen prevalence in a population is important in the context of alloimmunization and antigen matching. This study aims to do the same in a population of voluntary blood donors of a center in South India.

ABO isoagglutinin titers in group "O" blood donors.

Background: High titers of anti-A and anti-B are considered to be one reason for hemolytic transfusion reactions and ABO hemolytic disease in fetus and neonates. There is no consensus for critical ABO antibody titers to guide transfusion or transplant decisions. Implementation of ABO titer measurement can favor reduction in transfusion reactions in nongroup "O" recipients.

Determinants of mortality after massive transfusion - A prospective study.

Introduction: Massive hemorrhage calls for massive transfusions (MTs) to maintain adequate hemostasis. Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) are the appropriate treatment strategy for such patients replacing conventional use of crystalloids. These help in standardizing and optimizing the delivery of blood components in a well-balanced ratio.

A cross-sectional pilot study to estimate the frequency of minor blood group alleles and phenotypes in RhD-negative North Indian blood donors by DNA microarray analysis.

Introduction: There are scarce data on Indian blood donors with respect to blood group phenotypes using molecular diagnostic modalities. Hence, we planned to estimate frequencies of blood group alleles/phenotypes using DNA microarray analysis in the north Indian RhD-negative blood donor population. With this initial pilot study, we plan to expand it to our entire donor population.

Hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn due to maternal AlloAnti-S antibody.

Hemolytic disease of foetus and newborn (HDFN) is a disease characterized by the destruction of fetal red cells by the maternal antibodies which occurs due to allo immunization in the mother by feto-maternal blood group incompatibility. The antibodies most frequently implicated in HDFN may vary depending on the demographic location under consideration. In areas where RhIg administration is available, ABO antibodies are more commonly implicated.

Transfusion medicine hackathon: Nurturing the innovative ideas to revolutionize voluntary blood donation.

Background And Objective: Blood transfusion is an essential component of health care. However, several issues can hamper the promotion and sustainability of voluntary blood donation programs. This article is about a hackathon in the field of transfusion medicine that was designed to stimulate original ideas to promote voluntary blood donation.

Effectiveness of donor notification and counseling of HIV-reactive donors in a tertiary care hospital from North India: An audit.

Introduction: Blood banks are responsible for notification and counseling of the reactive donors besides screening for transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). Donor notification and counseling is essential to protect the health of the donor by early clinical intervention and to prevent secondary transmission of infection.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-reactive donor notification and counseling in a tertiary care center.

Prevalence of direct antiglobulin test positive in whole blood donors: Study at a tertiary blood center Northern India.

Background: The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) detects red blood cell (RBC) sensitivity to complement or IgG . The clinical disorders of hemolytic disease of the newborn, hemolytic transfusion reaction, and autoimmune and drug-induced hemolytic anemia are some examples of those that can cause coating of RBCs with antibodies or complement autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Rarely, DAT is positive in nonimmune-mediated hemolytic anemias as well.

Effect of plateletpheresis on donor variables and platelet yield using three different cell separators: Experience from tertiary care hospital.

Introduction: Platelet collection by apheresis is common nowadays. Many cell separators are available in the market for the same. This study was conducted to study the effect of various donor factors on platelet yield and the effect of different cell separator variables on platelet yield.