Bassoon, Presynaptic Scaffolding Protein: Narrative Review in Health and Disease.

The release of synaptic vesicles (SVs) at the synaptic junction is a complex process involving various specialized proteins that work in unison. Among these, Bassoon has emerged as a significant protein, particularly noted for its association with various neurological and aging-related diseases. Due to its structural and functional roles, Bassoon has become a focus of recent research, especially in understanding its implications in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol-Promoted Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Alkylidene-4-thiazolidinones/selenazolidinones Involving an Azaoxyallyl Cation.

A one-pot process involving cycloaddition of the azaoxyallyl cation with thioamide and a synchronous E1-type elimination of the C2 amino group from the cycloadduct is disclosed, leading to diverse alkylidene-4-thiazolidinones. Amine elimination under acid-free conditions or without quaternization and forging a stereoselective olefin formation were among the interesting reactivity traits revealed through the present work. Conjugated thioamide permitted side-chain branching through a three-component process.

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Polycaprolactone Nanofiber Enriched with Lichenysin against Multidrug-Resistance Bacterial Infection in Wound Healing: In Vitro Studies and In Vivo Evaluation in Wistar Rats.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) infectious wounds are a major concern due to drug resistance, leading to increased patient morbidity. Lichenysin (LCN), a lipopeptide and biosurfactant obtained from certain strains of , has demonstrated an excellent antimicrobial property. The present study focuses on the fabrication and comprehensive evaluation of LCN-incorporated poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/polycaprolactone (PCL)-based nanofiber scaffolds using an electrospinning technique as a potential wound healing biomaterial for the treatment of MDR infectious wounds in diabetic rats.

Synthetic Strategy to Build High-Molecular-Weight Poly(L-tyrosine) and Its Unexplored β-Sheet Block Copolymer Nanoarchitectures.

Synthesis of high-molecular-weight polypeptides and their block copolymer macromolecular architectures from β-sheet-promoting L-amino acids is still an unresolved problem. Here, an elegant steric hindrance-assisted ring-opening polymerization (SHAROP) strategy is introduced to access β-sheet poly(L-tyrosine) having more than 250 units. The scope of the synthetic methodology is expanded to access unexplored poly(L-tyrosine)-based higher-order β-sheet block copolymer nanoassemblies.

Impact of Lewis Acids on the Reactivity of a High-Valent Cu(III) Complex.

Redox-inactive metal ions functioning as Lewis acids (LA) play a significant role in modulating the redox reactivity of metal-oxygen intermediates such as metal-oxo, metal-superoxo, and metal-peroxo species. In photosystem II (PS-II), the redox-inactive metal ion Ca is critical for O activation, although its precise function remains unclear. Inspired by nature's use of redox-inactive metal ions, this study aims to characterize complexes of high-valent Cu(III) bound Lewis acids, (where M = Zn, Eu, Yb, and Sc), through various spectroscopic techniques, including UV-vis and resonance Raman spectroscopic analyses.

Mechanism of Conformational Selection of tRNA by Bacterial Deaminase TadA.

Base editing is a common mechanism by which organisms expand their genetic repertoire to access new functions. Here, we explore the mechanism of tRNA recognition in the bacterial deaminase TadA, which exclusively recognizes tRNA and converts the wobble base adenosine (A34) to inosine. We quantitatively evaluate the dynamics of tRNA binding by incorporating the fluorescent adenine analogue 2-aminopurine (2-AP) at position 34 in the wobble base of the anticodon loop.

The Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Overview. Part 1: Fundamentals of AI, and its Contemporary Applications in Dentistry.

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense promise in revolutionising dentistry, spanning, diagnostics, treatment planning and educational realms. This narrative review, in two parts, explores the fundamentals and the multifaceted potential of AI in dentistry. The current article explores the profound impact of AI in dentistry, encompassing diagnostic tools, treatment planning, and patient care.

Building upon the core elements of antifungal stewardship: practical recommendations for effective antifungal stewardship in resource-limited settings.

Introduction: Despite the crucial importance of effective AFS in resource-limited settings, such settings remain comparatively underserved and underrepresented in terms of resource-setting-specific guidance and research. Further practical contextualization and application of current AFS best practices is thus necessary.

Areas Covered: A panel of leading experts from diverse countries (India, Nigeria, Spain, and the US) was brought together to provide recommendations for practical and effective implementation of AFS in resource-limited settings.

Effects of rescue airway pressure release ventilation on mortality in severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective comparative analysis from India.

Background: Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) has a mortality rate of up to 75%, which can be up to 90% in high-risk patients. Even with the use of advanced ventilation strategies, mortality remains unacceptably high at 40%. Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) mode is a new strategy in PARDS.

Identifying promising peptide targets for leprosy serological tests: From prediction to ELISA.

Leprosy remains a significant health concern, particularly in India, Brazil, and Indonesia. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools. This study aimed to identify novel Mycobacterium leprae antigens and assess their effectiveness against human sera through immunotools for antibody response evaluation.

Designing of multi-valent epitope vaccine displaying interactions with diverse HLA alleles against Candida auris using immuno-informatics.

The emergence of multidrug resistanceagainst several antifungal drugs and the absence of alternate therapy limits the treatment choices leading to the spread of Candida auris infections, especially inimmunocompromised patients. This work aims to construct the multi-epitope vaccine using an immuno-informatics approachdue to the lack of efficient treatments for C. auris.

NanoFlora: Unveiling the therapeutic potential of Ipomoea aquatica nanoparticles.

Introduction: Improving the pharmacokinetics of drugs is achieved through nano formulations and the role of natural product in the synthesis of nanomaterials is gaining prominence due to its eco-friendly nature, cost-effectiveness, and demonstrated efficacy. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) derived from Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal have been synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant and antidiabetic properties towards enhancing the anticancer activity of the plant extracts.

Methodology: Hydroalcoholic extract was obtained from the entire Ipomoea aquatica plant and utilized as a key ingredient in the green synthesis of metal NPs.

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of Indian blackberry (Syzygium cumini L.) using CAAT box‑derived polymorphism (CBDP) and start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) markers.

Indian blackberry (Syzygium cumini L.) also known as jamun is a very important underutilized fruit crop with notable medicinal and economic value. However, its genetic improvement has been constrained by limited knowledge of the genetic diversity within existing collections.

Establishing a CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing framework in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) by targeting phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene disruption.

Pigeonpea is an important legume valued for its high nutritional, agricultural, and economic significance in the Asian subcontinent. Despite its potential for high yield, productivity remains stagnant due to several abiotic and biotic stresses. To mitigate these challenges, biotechnological interventions like genome editing offer promising solutions.

Mitochondrial genetic markers based phylogenetic analyses of Hyalomma dromedarii Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae).

The hard tick Hyalomma dromedarii, a vector for numerous animal and human pathogens, was investigated for genetic diversity using the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (cox I) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes. Hyalomma dromedarii sequences (n = 11 cox I; n = 7 16S rRNA) were deposited in GenBank (LC761179-89, LC761173-78, LC654692), showing 99.52-100 % (cox I) and 98.

Process optimization and extraction of alkaline protease from halotolerant Streptomyces sp. VITGS3 and its use as a contact lens cleaner.

Marine halotolerant actinobacteria are robust microbes poorly explored and barely cultivable in nature. They are a trove of various secondary metabolites and enzymes, especially the alkaline proteases withstanding higher temperatures, pH, and salinity, making them an ideal source with versatile commercial and therapeutic values. This study focuses on extracting and optimizing alkaline protease production from Streptomyces sp.

Unveiling the molecular activity of HIV towards the CD4: A study based on subtype C via docking and dynamics approach.

Background: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a critical global health issue caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It has different strains and subtypes; among these, Subtype C accounts for higher infection rates than others. Despite its high prevalence, the molecular interactions with host receptors, specifically CD4, have not yet been explored.

Telomeric RNA quadruplexes as targets for cancer prevention: The therapeutic potential of agonodepsides.

Background: Cancer remains an awful challenge, despite years of targeting proteins to control its relentless growth and spread. Fungal metabolites, a treasure of natural chemicals, offer a glimmer of hope. Telomeres, the cellular "caps," are a focal point in cancer research.

Genetic analysis of Gobiopterus brachyopterus (Oxudercidae) from Grati Lake and The genus potential misidentification.

The holotype of Gobiopterus brachyopterus originates from Grati Lake, Indonesia. It is locally called lempuk fish. The genus Gobiopterus has similar species, making identification difficult.

Multi-epitope-based vaccine models prioritization against Astrovirus MLB1 using immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology approaches.

Astrovirus MLB1 (HAstV-MLB1) is non-enveloped RNA virus that cause acute gastroenteritis infection. Despite research progress about infection and pathogenesis of HAstV-MLB1, Currently, no vaccine has been developed to effectively combat this pathogen. The current study is based on immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology approaches to design next-generation, multi-epitope-based vaccine models against HAstV-MLB1.

Computational and molecular insights on non-synonymous SNPs associated with human RAAS genes: Consequences for Hypertension vulnerability.

Hypertension is the foremost modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases, and overall mortality on a global scale. Genetic variants have the potential to alter an individual's drug responses. In the present study, we employed a comprehensive computational analysis to evaluate the structural and functional implications of deleterious missense variants to examine the influence of RAAS genes such as AT1R, AT2R, and MasR on susceptibility to hypertension.

Quercetin loaded biogenic squalene nano-lipid carriers for the treatment of dry eye syndrome.

In this study, quercetin-incorporated squalene nanostructured lipid carriers (QS-NLCs) were developed to mitigate the pathological conditions of dry eye disease (DED). The melt emulsification method was used to prepare QS-NLCs. The resulting NLCs have 93.

Bioprospecting of cellulases from marine fungi for macro-algal biomass degradation for biofuel application.

The marine ecosystem, the largest on Earth, supports around 80 % of plant and animal species. Marine macroalgae, rich in polysaccharides like cellulose, remain underutilized despite their potential in a circular bioeconomy. Efficient valorization can promote sustainability, whereas mismanagement raises ecological concerns.

Study of synergistic effect of pre-enzyme treatment and dielectric barrier discharge plasma for surface modification of cellulosic textile polymer.

This study delves into the synergistic effect of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma and cellulase enzymatic treatment on enhancing the hydrophilicity of sustainable cellulosic biopolymer named Banana (B). The investigation encompasses two approaches: plasma treatment preceded by enzyme (PE) treatment and enzyme treatment preceded by plasma (EP) treatment, both aimed at augmenting to improve the hydrophilicity of biopolymer, which ultimately increases its antimicrobial finish. The study explores the physiochemical transformation that occurred during the treatments including wicking test, contact angle, weight loss, SEM, ATR-FTIR and XRD analyses.