Framework for Site Specific Leachate Limits in MSW dumpsites: Integration of High-Resolution Site Characterization and Contaminant Transport Modeling.

The establishment of site-specific target limits (SSTLs) for old municipal solid waste (MSW) dumpsites is essential for defining remediation goals in a scientifically rigorous manner. However, a standardized framework for achieving this is currently lacking. This study proposes a comprehensive framework that integrates high-resolution site characterization (HRSC) tools, targeted sampling, and contaminant transport modeling to derive SSTLs.

Molecular aspects of cytoprotection by Optineurin during stress and disease.

Optineurin/OPTN is an adapter protein that plays a crucial role in mediating many cellular functions, including autophagy, vesicle trafficking, and various signalling pathways. Mutations of OPTN are linked with neurodegenerative disorders, glaucoma, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recent work has shown that OPTN provides cytoprotection from many types of stress, including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, protein homeostasis stress, tumour necrosis factor α, and microbial infection.

A potential therapeutic strategy by fungal laccase targeting novel binding sites on human cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common herpesvirus that can severely affect transplant recipients, those with AIDS, and newborns. Existing synthetic medications face limitations, including toxicity, processing issues, and viral resistance. As part of this study, the efficacy of the extracellular enzyme laccase isolated from a widely available mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) was compared to that of ganciclovir, a common antiviral, used against HCMV.

Indocyanine Green Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Pediatric Hepatobiliary Procedures: A Feasibility Study for Improved Intraoperative Visualization.

Introduction Indocyanine Green (ICG) fluorescence guided surgery (FGS) is reported extensively in adult operations, but its safety and applications in Pediatric populations remain to be comprehensively understood. The dose, administration protocols and intraoperative imaging benefits in Pediatric hepatobiliary operations are not clear. Objectives To identify the feasibility and applications of ICG Fluorescence Guided Surgery (FGS) in hepatobiliary surgeries (for biliary atresia, choledochal cyst, and cholelithiasis) in children.

It takes two to tango: The second membrane-binding site in peripheral proteins.

In this issue of Structure, Soteriou et al. use cell biology, in vitro reconstitution approaches, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to characterize the membrane association of AKT1. The authors show that the AKT1 pleckstrin homology domain contains two essential and cooperative PI(3,4,5)P-binding sites that enable stable membrane binding of AKT1 in the requisite orientation required for effective downstream signaling.

Recent progress in nanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensors for hydrogen peroxide detection & their biological applications.

The electrochemical biosensor has brought a paradigm shift in the field of sensing due to its fast response and easy operability. The performance of electrochemical sensors can be modified by coupling them with various metal oxides, nanomaterials, and nanocomposites. Hydrogen peroxide is a short-lived reactive oxygen species that plays a crucial role in various physiological and biological processes.

Experts' discussion: implications of the World Health Organization's World report on hearing for the cochlear implant field.

Objective: This review aims to analyse the implications of the World Health Organization's 2021 world report on hearing, with a particular focus on the cochlear implant field. The objective is to understand the challenges and opportunities highlighted in the report and propose viable solutions for effective implementation within the cochlear implant community.

Methods: Following the release of the World Health Organization's world report on hearing, cochlear implant professionals explored and discussed the implications of the report with examples from various countries to understand the disparities in access, reimbursement policies, and social stigma associated with hearing loss.

Method development and validation on RP-HPLC method for estimation of xanthohumol in nanostructured lipid carriers drug delivery systems.

Xanthohumol(Xn) is isolated from female inflorescences of Humulus lupulus. It has been discovered that Xn and its formulation are useful in the treatment of cancer. As this bioactive compound has medicinal importance, hence, a novel, precise, and sensitive HPLC method should be developed.

Patterns of neuronal synchrony in higher-order networks.

Synchrony in neuronal networks is crucial for cognitive functions, motor coordination, and various neurological disorders. While traditional research has focused on pairwise interactions between neurons, recent studies highlight the importance of higher-order interactions involving multiple neurons. Both types of interactions lead to complex synchronous spatiotemporal patterns, including the fascinating phenomenon of chimera states, where synchronized and desynchronized neuronal activity coexist.

Non-consumptive value of hilsa fishery restoration in West Bengal, India: An application of contingent valuation method.

The study focuses on the socio-cultural importance of hilsa fishery in West Bengal, which extends beyond mere sustenance, symbolising heritage, identity, and community spirit, particularly in South 24 Parganas district. As the state fish and a crucial livelihood source for many fishers, grave concerns have recently been flagged due to reduced catches and increased prices, highlighting the need for restoration. This study seeks to measure the non-consumptive value of hilsa fishery by involving 200 participants, 100 fishers and 100 consumers, utilising the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) with a payment card.

Bacterial biomineralization of heavy metals and its influencing factors for metal bioremediation.

Increasing industrial pollution and certain hazardous agricultural practices have led to the discharge of heavy toxic metals into the environment. Among different bioremediation techniques, biomineralization is the synthesis of biomineral crystals extracellularly or intracellularly. Several bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus sphaericus have been found to induce heavy metal precipitation and mineralization for bioremediation.

3D printed edible electronics: Components, fabrication approaches and applications.

A recently minted field of 3D-printed edible electronics (EEs) represents a cutting-edge convergence of edible electronic devices and 3D printing technology. This review presents a comprehensive view of this emerging discipline, which has gathered significant scientific attention for its potential to create a safe, environmentally friendly, economical, and naturally degraded inside the human body. EEs have the potential to be used as medical and health devices to monitor physiological conditions and possibly treat diseases.

Anomalous and large topological Hall effects in β-Mn chiral compound Co6.5Ru1.5Zn8Mn4: electron electron interaction facilitated quantum interference effect.

β-Mn-type chiral cubic CoxZnyMnz (x + y + z = 20) alloys present a intriguing platform for exploring topological magnetic orderings with promising spintronic potential. This study examines the magnetotransport properties of Co6.5Ru1.

Therapeutic approach of carbon nanotube: Revolutionize nanomaterial in biomedical and pharmaceutical sector.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has emerged as a promising nanomaterial with a wide range of potential applications due to their unique structural, mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, numerous obstacles must be overcome for CNTs to be used successfully, including low solubility, aggregation, and a lack of specialized functions. Diverse techniques have been developed for the manufacture, purification, and functionalization of CNTs in order to overcome these issues.

Mechanobactericidal nanotopographies for food industry: A promising strategy for eradicating foodborne pathogens - progress and challenges.

Nowadays, food preservation, quality maintenance, and safety are major emerging concerns in the food industry. Methods for removing pathogens from the outside surfaces of food products would be an effective way to prevent bacterial contamination. Nanotopographies found on natural surfaces have been shown to mechanically damage the membranes of foodborne bacteria.

Targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 pathogenicity: The role of Glycyrrhiza glabra in inhibiting virulence factors and biofilms.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen posing serious risks to immunocompromised individuals due to its virulence factors and biofilm formation. This study evaluated the efficacy of methanol extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (G.

In-situ and ex-situ EPS-corona formation on ZnO QDs mitigates their environmental toxicity in the freshwater microalgae Chlorella sp.

The current work seeks to understand how the interactions between ZnO QDs and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) may vary based on the types of EPS (loosely and tightly bound) and modes of eco-corona formation (In-situ or ex-situ). In-situ eco-corona refers to formation of an EPS layer on the QDs during the interactions with the algae whereas the ex-situ condition refers to forming the layer before the interactions. ZnO QDs were added at 0.

Role of nitrogen amendments on carbon fixation efficiency of ozone exposed lemongrass: Interrelationship between secondary metabolite production and yield.

The phytotoxic nature of Ozone (O) has been well documented in a number of scientific literatures during the last few decades. Although there are sufficient studies related to O impact assessment studies on crop plants and tree species, studies pertaining to O effects on medicinal plants are comparatively sparse. During the recent years, the mitigation strategies for management of O stress in plants have also assumed paramount significance.

Appraisal of age-dependent geogenic radiation exposure and carcinogenic risks in the groundwater of Sevathur mine region, Pambar River basin, South India.

This study investigates groundwater uranium contamination and radiological risks in a part of Pambar River basin, South India, a region with significant geogenic radiation influenced by carbonatite rock formations. Uranium concentrations ranged from 5.8 to 240.

Novel α-mangostin derivatives as promising antiviral agents: Isolation, synthesis, and evaluation against chikungunya virus.

Investigations into fruit and vegetable processing residues (FVPRs) offer huge opportunities to discover novel therapeutics against many diseases. In this study, detailed investigation of Garcinia mangostana fruit peel extract led to the isolation and identification of ten known compounds (1-10). Further, a new series of α-mangostin derived sulphonyl piperzines, aryl alkynes and 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized using Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cyclo-addition reaction ("click" chemistry).

Influence of spatial redistribution of heterogeneities in proton beam characteristics.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the fundamental properties of spot-scanning proton beams and compare them to Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, both with and without CT calibration, using spatially diverse combinations of materials.

Methods: A heterogeneous phantom was created by spatially distributing titanium, wax, and thermocol to generate six scenarios of heterogeneous combinations. Proton pencil beams ranging in energy from 100 to 226.

Evaluating a midwifery leadership programme: a process evaluation study.

Background: Despite global support for midwifery leadership investment, there is a notable lack of scientific evaluations of leadership programmes worldwide for midwives. The Government of India's Midwifery Initiative launched the Midwifery Leadership Programme to enhance the leadership capacity of state-level midwifery leaders.

Aim: To evaluate the Midwifery Leadership Programme in India using implementation science as a framework.

Enhanced copper extraction from waste printed circuit boards using glycine after supercritical methanol pre-treatment: Process optimization, leaching kinetics, and thermodynamic analysis.

The disposal of waste-printed circuit boards (WPCBs) poses significant environmental and health risks, as they are a major component of e-waste containing hazardous materials. However, WPCBs also contain valuable metallic elements, making them important resources for recycling. To address the dual challenge of hazardous waste management and resource recovery, sustainable approaches for metal extraction from WPCBs are imperative.

Lipoxygenases (LOXs): Will turning off this genetic switch help safeguard the flavor and nutritional quality of stored lipid-rich staple foods?

Beyond storage capacity, long-term grain storage faces significant challenges due to the activity of lipoxygenases (LOXs). These enzymes catalyze the production of volatiles from free fatty acids, leading to stale odors and off-flavors. These changes degrade the quality of stored grains, even under regulated conditions, affecting the profitability of stored products to the farmers and the assurance of high-quality food for consumers.