Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) Consortium in Personalized Cancer Medicine: Bringing next-generation precision oncology to patients.

The human genome project ushered in a genomic medicine era that was largely unimaginable three decades ago. Discoveries of druggable cancer drivers enabled biomarker-driven gene- and immune-targeted therapy and transformed cancer treatment. Minimizing treatment not expected to benefit, and toxicity-including financial and time-are important goals of modern oncology.

Chemo-Selective Transformation of Anthracene Derivative within Water-Soluble Coordination Cages Having Different Cavities.

Coordination cages with specific properties and functionalities are utilized as reaction vessels for the desired chemical transformation of substrates. The symmetry and inherent cavity of coordination cages can influence the host-guest interactions and the reaction outcome in their confined space. However, the impact of the cage shape on different transformations remains unclear.

Incidence of Scrub Typhus in Rural South India.

Background: Hospital studies suggest that scrub typhus is a leading cause of severe undifferentiated fever in regions across Asia where the disease is endemic, but the population-based incidence of infection and illness has been little studied.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study to assess epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of scrub typhus in 37 villages in Tamil Nadu, India, where the disease is highly endemic. Study participants were visited every 6 to 8 weeks over a period of 2 years; a venous blood sample was obtained from those who had had fever since the last visit.

Complete Valorization of Cashew Nutshell Waste Enriched with Sulfur Copolymer for Efficient Mercury Removal.

Integrating sustainable raw materials with efficient synthesis is key to advancing eco-friendly solutions. Renewable feedstocks like cashew nutshells (CNS) and elemental sulfur, an industrial byproduct, are underutilized resources. This study presents a simple method to valorize CNS and sulfur, creating a copolymer composite designed for efficient mercury removal from contaminated water.

Food waste minimisation and energy efficiency for carbon emission reduction.

This research determines the potential impact of reducing food waste on future energy consumption and pollutant emissions. The study uses system dynamics modelling to simulate the complex link between population, food demand, food waste output and their interactions with energy consumption in the food system and carbon dioxide (CO) emissions. Scenarios are developed by considering two elements: a reduction in food waste and an increase in energy output.

Proteostasis modulates gene dosage evolution in antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Evolution of gene expression frequently drives antibiotic resistance in bacteria. We had previously (Patel and Matange, , 2021) shown that, in , mutations at the locus were beneficial under trimethoprim exposure and led to overexpression of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), encoded by the gene. Here, we show that DHFR levels are further enhanced by spontaneous duplication of a genomic segment encompassing and spanning hundreds of kilobases.

Topologically reconfigurable nematic emulsions.

In emulsions of multicomponent fluids, the dispersed phase forms tiny droplets in the continuous phase. In situ control and manipulation to achieve diversity in emulsion droplets for emerging applications is challenging. In a liquid crystal-based emulsion, the surface anchoring of the molecules at the isotropic fluid-liquid crystal interface introduces elastic distortions that result in anisotropic interparticle interactions, similar to electrostatic interactions between multipoles, which also lends a naming analogy as elastic dipoles, quadrupoles, and higher.

Evaluation of long lasting insecticidal nets in experimental huts and WHO PQT/VCP compliance: A systematic review.

Malaria control in highly endemic regions relies heavily on vector control tools, particularly LLINs. The effectiveness of LLINs varies by eco-epidemiological conditions and brands. A comprehensive review of WHO interim-approved LLIN brands is necessary to address this variability.

Nationwide insights into frailty: Systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based prevalence studies from India.

Frailty, a biologic syndrome of decreased reserve and resistance to stressors, affects 5 % to 17 % of older adults and is linked to factors like low BMI, female sex, and low exercise levels. With India's older population expected to double by 2050, frailty presents major public health and economic challenges. This study summarizes the prevalence of frailty among community-dwelling Indians.

Protocol for isolation, fractionation, and system biology-based profiling of gastrointestinal digested dairy colostrum and milk proteome.

Colostrum and milk from dairy sources consist of whey, casein, and fat, which have notable pharmacological properties due to their proteins and peptides. Here, we present a protocol for isolating, simulating in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, and fractionating colostrum and milk hydrolysates from any dairy source. We also describe steps for nano-liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS) identification of proteins and peptides and in silico system biology-based profiling of the proteins and peptides present in the hydrolysates.

Women's attitudes towards physical intimate partner violence in India: Trends, patterns, and determinants.

Women's attitudes towards physical intimate partner violence are a major determinant of the likelihood of their exposure to physical intimate partner violence. In this study, we scrutinize the third, fourth, and fifth rounds of the National Family Health Survey using descriptive analyses and logistic regression models to understand the trends, patterns, and drivers of women's attitudes towards physical intimate partner violence across various demographic and socioeconomic groups in India. Our findings reveal a noticeable decline in the level of women's acceptability of physical intimate partner violence over the past 15 years, albeit at a slow pace.

The relationship between cardiometabolic abnormalities and mortality in the Women's Health Initiative: A comparison of associations among women with cancer to women without cancer.

Background: Prior studies of participants with breast and other obesity-associated cancers in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) showed worse mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes for individuals with a higher number of cardiometabolic risk factors at study entry. The purpose of this analysis is to compare the relationship between cardiometabolic abnormalities and mortality among women with and without cancer in the WHI.

Methods: Women with one of five early-stage obesity-associated cancers (breast, colorectal, endometrial, ovarian, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and controls without any new or prior history of cancer were selected from the WHI-Life and Longevity after Cancer ancillary study.

Unlocking Ectoine's Postbiotic Therapeutic Promise: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Directions.

Ectoine, a cytoprotective compound derived from bacteria and categorized as a postbiotic, is increasingly recognized as a viable alternative to traditional therapeutic agents, frequently presenting considerable side effects. This extensive review underscores the effectiveness of ectoine as a postbiotic in managing conditions such as rhinosinusitis, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, all while demonstrating a commendable safety profile. Its capacity to establish robust hydrogen bonds without compromising cellular integrity supports its potential application in anti-aging and cancer prevention strategies.

Trajectory- the unseen realm in a firing event: a novel and scientific approach in the identification of optimal recovery zones for gunshot residue micro traces.

Gunshot residue (GSR) particles, generated during firearm discharge, disperse in the surrounding environment according to physical laws governing the motion of particles. This study analyzes GSR distribution from 9 × 19 mm ammunition along the trajectory with a fixed target. GSR particle count follows a bell-shaped distribution, influenced by velocity, temperature, and burn rate.

Interferon alpha-2b versus 5-fluorouracil as primary treatment modalities for ocular surface squamous neoplasia: a study of 116 eyes.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and side-effect profile of interferon alpha-2b (IFNα2B) and topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as primary treatment modalities for ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN).

Methods: Retrospective comparative study of 116 OSSN eyes treated with topical 1 MIU IFNα2B with/without 5 MIU/cc subconjunctival injection (group 1) or topical 1% 5-FU (group 2) in mutually exclusive time periods of treatment.

Results: Of the 116 eyes with OSSN, 64 eyes belonged to group 1 and 52 eyes to group 2.

Integrative approach to decipher pharmacological mechanism of Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer has garnered much importance in recent years due to its rising incidence and mortality among men worldwide. The ineffectiveness of existing therapies and adverse events associated with conventional treatment have led patients to turn towards traditional medicine for the management of prostate cancer. Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark essential oil (CZEO) possesses promising anticancer properties, yet the exact mechanism of action of CZEO for the management of prostate cancer remains unclear.

Mitigating transportation stress in Bannur sheep: exploring the utility of innovative antioxidant supplementation in a hot-dry tropical climate.

An investigation was conducted to assess the efficacy of a novel antioxidant supplementation, Transcare, in alleviating transportation-induced stress among Bannur sheep. Thirty female Bannur sheep of 10-12 months, were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: Bannur Non-supplemented (BNS) (n = 15) and Bannur Supplemented (BS) (n = 15). The BS was supplemented with antioxidant powder (Transcare) orally at a dose of 10 g/animal, dissolved in 10 mL drinking water, 45-60 min preload.

Spatial assessment of submarine groundwater discharge influence on aquifer water quality in the coastal region of Chettikulam to Kolachel, southern India: using SMI and HFE-D techniques.

Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) has a global impact, affecting coastal aquifers, the freshwater environment, and contributing to coastal development. The present study investigates the impact of Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) on groundwater geochemistry along the coast from Chettikulam to Kolachel in Southern India, with an emphasis on regional changes pre and post monsoons in the years 2023-2024. A total of 80 groundwater samples (40 from both monsoons) were analyzed using hydrochemical plots such as Piper, Wilcox, Gibbs, and Hydrochemical Facies Evolution Diagrams (HFE-D), along with AquaChem software and spatial mapping techniques.

PET Coordination Mechanism for the Detecting of Environmental Toxic Analytes: Current Approaches and Future Directions.

Fluorescence-based photoinduced electron transfer (PET) has garnered significant attention in the molecular recognition field in recent years because of its unique and desirable photophysical properties. Recent advancements in PET-based chemosensors have demonstrated their potential for real-time monitoring of pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, and organic contaminants in various environmental matrices. This review emphasizes the recent advancements in fluorogenic and chromogenic PET-based chemosensors based on Anthracene, Imidazole, Indole, Pyrrole, Thiazole, Naphthalene, Quinoline, Calix[4]arene, Fluorescein, Quantum Dots, Schiff base compounds and also focusing on their molecular design, sensing mechanisms, and photophysical properties reported from the year 2011 to 2024.