Enhancing parkinson disease detection through feature based deep learning with autoencoders and neural networks.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is associated with aging, leading to the progressive deterioration of certain regions of the brain. Accurate and timely diagnosis plays a crucial role in facilitating optimal therapy and improving patient outcomes. This study presents an innovative approach to identify Parkinson's disease (PD) through the examination of audio waves using Feature Based - Deep Neural Network (FB-DNN) techniques.

Optimizing sustainability: information aggregation in smart factories for energy efficiency enhancement.

In the context of Industry 4.0, improving energy efficiency in smart factories has emerged as a key priority to drive sustainable industrial growth. However, identifying optimal energy-saving solutions is challenging due to the inherent uncertainty and complexity in decision-making.

Mapping variants in thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 to disease severity by genomic, phenotypic, functional, structural and deep learning integration.

Predicting and quantifying phenotypic consequences of genetic variants in rare disorders is a major challenge, particularly pertinent for 'actionable' genes such as thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 (encoded by the X-linked SLC16A2 gene), where loss-of-function (LoF) variants cause a rare neurodevelopmental and (treatable) metabolic disorder in males. The combination of deep phenotyping data with functional and computational tests and with outcomes in population cohorts, enabled us to: (i) identify the genetic aetiology of divergent clinical phenotypes of MCT8 deficiency with genotype-phenotype relationships present across survival and 24 out of 32 disease features; (ii) demonstrate a mild phenocopy in ~400,000 individuals with common genetic variants in MCT8; (iii) assess therapeutic effectiveness, which did not differ among LoF-categories; (iv) advance structural insights in normal and mutated MCT8 by delineating seven critical functional domains; (v) create a pathogenicity-severity MCT8 variant classifier that accurately predicted pathogenicity (AUC:0.91) and severity (AUC:0.

Growth characteristics, optimal harvest timing, and quality assessment of three Evodia species cultivated in Japan.

Immature Evodia fruits are used in herbal medicine for their analgesic properties; however, determining the appropriate time for harvesting these fruits remains challenging. Here, we investigated the growth characteristics and optimal timing for collecting the immature fruits of three Evodia species-E. rutaecarpa (Juss.

Industry Perspectives on Implementation of Model Master File (MMF) Framework for Generics and Innovator Drugs: Opportunities, Challenges and Future Outlook.

Modeling and simulation (M&S) based approaches have proven significant utility in both new drug and generic product development. Considering the plethora of applications of such novel approaches, the concept of model master file (MMF) has been introduced recently to streamline the regulatory submission process as well as to facilitate the use of M&S approaches. The MMF has potential to reduce the applicant's efforts in preparing and submitting modeling-based applications and can result in reduced review timelines.

Exosomal RNAs and EZH2: unraveling the molecular dialogue driving tumor progression.

The EZH2 gene encodes an enzyme that is part of the epigenetic factor Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2). In order to control gene expression, PRC2 mainly modifies chromatin structure. In this complex process, EZH2 methylates histone proteins, which in turn suppresses further RNA transcriptions.

CAG Repeat Instability and Region-Specific Gene Expression Changes in the SCA12 Brain.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12), an autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, caused by an expansion of (CAG) in the 5' of the PPP2R2B gene on chr5q32, is common in India. The illness often manifests late in life, with diverse neurological and psychiatric symptoms, suggesting involvement of different brain regions. Prominent neuronal loss and atrophy of the cerebellum have been noted earlier.

Vitamin D3 potentiates antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of streptomycin and thymoquinone against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Biofilm formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a three dimensional microbial matrix that confers multidrug resistance properties along with the proficiency to evade the host immune system. The present study aims to determine the combinatorial effects of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) with two already reported antibiofilm agents: streptomycin and thymoquinone separately against P. aeruginosa biofilms.

Anti-interferon armamentarium of human coronaviruses.

Cellular innate immune pathways are formidable barriers against viral invasion, creating an environment unfavorable for virus replication. Interferons (IFNs) play a crucial role in driving and regulating these cell-intrinsic innate antiviral mechanisms through the action of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). The host IFN response obstructs viral replication at every stage, prompting viruses to evolve various strategies to counteract or evade this response.

Spectrofluorophotometric Analysis of Phytoconstituents, Biomarkers, Enzyme Kinetics and Trace Metals: A Comprehensive Review.

Spectrofluorophotometry is a highly sensitive and selective analytical technique widely employed in pharmaceutical, biomedical, and environmental sciences. This review provides a comprehensive application for detecting and quantifying phytoconstituents, biomarkers, enzyme kinetics, and trace metals. This technique offers detection of analyte in the femtomolar (fM) range.

Differential miRNA expression and regulatory mechanisms in pigmentation and fiber development of white and brown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is a major global natural fiber crop used in the textile industry. Although white colored cotton remains the most popular form of cultivated cotton, colored varieties could replace chemically dyed fibers and provide more environmental friendly alternatives. In order to investigate the role of miRNAs in fiber color, we selected white and brown cotton varieties for comparative investigations.

Exploring the drought-responsive miRNAs and their corresponding target genes in chickpea root tissue.

Chickpea is an important pulse crop globally, with major production in Southeast Asia. However, the production of chickpea is hampered due to various biotic and abiotic stressors. In response to such stressors, microRNAs which are small non-coding regulatory RNA molecules have been observed as key players.

Conventional Coagulation Tests are a better predictor of mortality than Viscoelastic Haemostatic Assays in trauma patients with shock: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: Conventional Coagulation Tests (CCTs) and Viscoelastic Haemostatic Assays (VHAs) are currently used in guiding trauma resuscitation. However, the role of these tests in predicting mortality is less known. This study aims to analyze both CCTs and VHAs in predicting mortality.

Exploring the functionality of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a prebiotic agent.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), particularly SBA15 and SBA16, provide a versatile platform due to their ordered structures, high surface area, and biocompatibility. This study investigates their role as prebiotic agents by evaluating their effect on the growth of Bacillus coagulans, an industrially significant probiotic. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that SBA15 had mesh-like hexagonal structure, while SBA16 featured hexagonal pores with tubular channels, enhancing surface area and porosity for bacterial attachment and proliferation.

Fisetin as a chemoprotective and chemotherapeutic agent: mechanistic insights and future directions in cancer therapy.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality globally, characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells, invasion of healthy tissues, and potential metastasis. Natural compounds have become a focus in cancer research due to their potential therapeutic roles. Among these, fisetin, a dietary flavonoid, demonstrates notable anti-cancer properties through various molecular mechanisms.

Impact of chemical fertilizer and composts application on growth and yield of rice in Northeast India.

Formulation of effective fertilizer management practice is crucial for sustainable rice cultivation. Prolonged application of chemical fertilizers can result in N loss into the environment, causing harmful effects. Application of organic fertilizer acts as an alternative source of nutrient supply for rice cultivation.

Outcomes of holmium: YAG laser vs. Thulium fiber laser for ureteric stones during ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy - a prospective, randomized single-centre study.

Introduction: The use of lasers has created a major impact in the management of stones. The aim of our study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and safety profile of Thulium fiber laser (TFL) and Holmium: YAG (Ho: YAG) laser in ureteric stones.

Methods: It is a prospective randomized single-centre study carried out from December 2022 to December 2023.

Identification of candidate genes associated with resistance to aflatoxin production in peanut through genetic mapping and transcriptome analysis.

Two major QTLs qAftA07and qAftB06.2 for peanut aflatoxin production resistance were identified and candidate genes for them were predicted. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.

Machine learning analysis of integrated ABP and PPG signals towards early detection of coronary artery disease.

Every year, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) claims lives of over a million people. CAD occurs when the coronary arteries, responsible for supplying oxygenated blood to the heart, get occluded due to plaque deposits on their inner walls. The most critical fact about this disease is that it develops gradually over the years and by the time symptomatic changes such as angina or shortness of breath appear, the disease has already become severe.

Significant variations of bacterial communities among the developmental stages of Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).

The yellow stemborer, Scirpophaga incertulas, is a monophagous pest of rice, attacking the crop from its vegetative to reproductive stages. Microorganisms are crucial in influencing the insect's life cycle, evolution, and ecology, presenting an avenue for understanding and improving management strategies. Present research employed advanced next-generation sequencing technology to investigate the microbiota of S.

Osteopontin as a prognostic biomarker in head and neck cancer- a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Osteopontin (OPN) is linked to cancer progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance in head and neck cancer (HNC). This meta-analysis evaluated OPN as a prognostic biomarker in HNC.

Method: A comprehensive search was conducted for studies published up to December 2023, including English papers on HNC analyzing OPN expression.

Microstructural and statistical analysis on mechanical performance of novel flattened end nylon fibre reinforced concrete.

This study investigates the use of novel flattened-end nylon fibres (FENF) as reinforcement in concrete to improve its mechanical properties. The research addresses inadequate circumferential bonding between macro synthetic fibres and concrete matrix, which can lead to fibre slippage or failure. Through experiments involving 19 concrete mixes with varying fibre dosages (0.

On arrival continuous brachial plexus block provides superior analgesia with reduced persistent postsurgical pain in complex hand injuries: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Patients with complex hand injuries experience extreme pain and frequently witness prolonged preoperative waiting period, which intensifies their agony, especially during wound dressing and debridement, further intensifying pain of acute trauma. Hence, there is a need to study utility of continuous peripheral nerve block in settings of acute trauma emergencies. We hypothesized that, as compared with intravenous systemic analgesics, continuous brachial plexus block would provide superior analgesia in these patients.

Bassoon, Presynaptic Scaffolding Protein: Narrative Review in Health and Disease.

The release of synaptic vesicles (SVs) at the synaptic junction is a complex process involving various specialized proteins that work in unison. Among these, Bassoon has emerged as a significant protein, particularly noted for its association with various neurological and aging-related diseases. Due to its structural and functional roles, Bassoon has become a focus of recent research, especially in understanding its implications in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.