Identification of Known Flavonoids of Ficus carica L. as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors in Sciatic Nerve of Diabetic Neuropathy-induced Rats through Bioinformatics and Proteomics Analysis.

Introduction: The polyol pathway is responsible for the metabolism of almost one-third of the total glucose in people with chronic diabetes. Moreover, it causes complications in organs that rely on aldose reductase (AR) as an enzyme. The purpose of this research was to examine the in vitro and in vivo effects of a flavonoid-rich ethyl acetate fraction of a methanolic extract of Ficus carica Lam.

An Optimised Mobilenet V2 Attention Parallel Network for Predicting Drug-Drug Interactions Through Combining Local and Global Features.

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are an important concern in the clinical practice and drug development process as these may lead to serious adverse effects on patient safety. Thorough DDI prediction is important for effective medication management and reduced risk factors. This work presents a new technique, namely MV2SAPCNNO: MobileNetV2 with simplicial attention network-based parallel convolutional neural network and narwhal optimiser, for improving the precision of DDI prediction.

Clinical Exome Sequencing Identifies, Two Homozygous LOXHD1 Variants in Two Inbred Families With Pre-Lingual Hearing Loss From South India.

In recent years, numerous genetic variants have been linked with prelingual hearing loss (HL). Variants in the LOXHD1 gene (lipoxygenase homology domain-1) associated with DFNB77 are highly heterogeneous, with different auditory characteristics varying from stable to progressive and mild to profound. To date, 168 DFNB77 cases have been recorded worldwide.

Improved bounding box segmentation technique for crowd anomaly detection with optimal trained convolutional neural network.

A crucial role in many security and surveillance applications is crowd anomaly detection, where seeing unusual activity helps avert possible threats or interruptions. For precise anomaly identification, current models might not successfully incorporate spatial and temporal features. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel Crowd Anomaly Detection based on Opposition Behavior Learning updated Chimp Optimization Algorithm (CAD-OBLChoA) is proposed in this research to enhance the detection of abnormal crowd behaviours in dynamic environments.

Necrotizing enterocolitis in a moderately preterm neonate in the first week of life: A case report.

Necrotizing enterocolitis, a life-threatening surgical condition, is uncommon in the first week of life in preterm neonates. However, the certainty of the risk factors contributing to NEC in preterm neonates during the first week of life remains ambiguous. Our case was amoderately preterm, small for gestation at birth, and delivered by emergency Caesarean section for maternal respiratory distress.

Targeting Blood-Stage Malaria: Design, Synthesis, Characterization, In Vitro, and In Silico Evaluation of Pyrrolidinodiazenyl Chalcones.

Malaria is a pervasive and deadly threat to the global population, and the resources available to treat this disease are limited. There is widespread clinical resistance to the most commonly prescribed antimalarial drugs. To address this issue, we synthesized a range of 4'-pyrrolidinodiazenyl chalcones using a covalent bitherapy approach to study their potential antimalarial properties.

Combined Effects of Lead and Chromium at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Liver: Role of Nrf2-Keap1-ARE Pathway.

The extensive industrial use of lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) has led to their persistent release into aquatic ecosystems, posing severe ecological and toxicological challenges. While the individual toxicities of these metals are well-documented, their combined effects, particularly on toxicity mechanisms and cellular stress responses, remain inadequately understood. This study investigated the hepatotoxic effects of Pb and Cr, both individually and in combination, in zebrafish (Danio rerio), focusing on oxidative stress and the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathway.

JLeNeT: Jaccard LeNet for Parkinson's disease detection and severity level classification using voice signal in IoT environment.

The neurodegenerative disorder called Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common diseases now a day. In this research, PD is detected and severity classification is done using the proposed Jaccard LeNet (JLeNet) with the help of voice signal in the IoT environment. Here, the IoT simulation is done.

Decoding in-plane orientation in cellulose nanopapers hybridized with tailored polymeric nanoparticles.

Biobased cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) constitute important building blocks for biomimetic, nanostructured materials, and considerable potential exists in their hybridization with tailorable polymeric nanoparticles. CNFs naturally assemble into oriented, fibrillar structures in their cross-section. This work shows that polymeric nanoparticle additives have the potential to increase or decrease orientation of these cellulose structures, which allows the control of bulk mechanical properties.

Diversification of structurally significant cycloartane-type triterpenes: exploiting beddomeilactone.

The cycloartane-type triterpenes are a structurally important class of natural products with diverse biological activity. Here, we present synthetic strategies and chemical modifications for obtaining a number of recently reported cycloartane-type triterpenes, along with various close-to-natural novel derivatives. The naturally abundant beddomeilactone () serves as the key resource for most transformations.

The deubiquitinase inhibitor WP1130 drives nuclear aggregation and reactivation of mutant p53 for selective cancer cell targeting.

Mutations in the TP53 gene may lead to the loss of its tumor suppressor function and the acquisition of oncogenic properties. The enhanced stability of mutant p53 (mutp53) is one of the pivotal factors for its oncogenic functions, rendering proteins implicated in mutp53 stabilization as promising targets for therapeutic intervention. Although deubiquitinases (DUBs) are commonly deregulated in various cancers, their specific impact on mutp53 stabilization remains largely unexplored.

Exploring the Anti-tubercular Potential of 2-(1H-Pyrazol-1-yl) Pyrimidine: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies.

We designed and synthesized pyrazolyl pyrimidine containing derivatives and screened for anti-mycobacterial activity. Different spectral techniques like HRMS, 1H, and 13C NMR are deployed for the structural confirmation of the final derivatives. Final compounds were screened against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv strain.

Source identification and clinical outcomes of outbreaks in a neonatal intensive care unit: A case series from a tertiary care centre.

Background species are emerging nosocomial pathogens linked to significant clinical disease in high-risk populations, particularly preterm neonates.ObjectiveTo study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics including source identification of outbreak in NICU.MethodsThis study was conducted in a tertiary care NICU in South India, identifying 14 cases of infection over two epochs: May to August 2021 and December 2022 to February 2023.

Exploring Phytochemicals as Potential Inhibitors of Cancer Cell Metabolic Pathways: A Computational Study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals in cancer cell metabolism by investigating their ability to inhibit key molecular targets involved in tumor growth and drug resistance.

Methods: We evaluated specific phytochemicals against critical cancer-related targets such as GLS1, CKα, MGLL, IDH1, PDHK1, and PHGDH. Molecular docking methods were used to understand the binding interactions between phytochemicals and their selected targets.

Emerging Role of Natural Topoisomerase Inhibitors as Anticancer agents.

Topoisomerases I and II are the functionally two forms of DNA topoisomerase. In anticancer research, novel anticancer chemotherapeutical capable of blocking topoisomerase enzymes have been discovered. Most commonly, topoisomerase causes replication fork arrest and doublestrand breaks, and this is how a clinically successful topoisomerase-targeting anticancer medicines work.

Benzimidazole Conjugates as Multi-target Anticancer Agents - A Comprehensive Review.

Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality globally and is characterized by a multifactorial etiology. Drug resistance and multidrug resistance are the reasons for the failure of many anticancer drugs that are in clinical practice now. The current review is a complete review of benzimidazole hybrids with different heterocyclic rings, which are potential anticancer agents.

Malaria and filaria co-infection in a febrile patient.

Malaria and filariasis are mosquito-borne diseases caused by protozoal and nematode parasites, respectively. Despite different vectors, they can occur together under suitable conditions in endemic regions. In our case, microfilariae were incidentally discovered during a blood film examination for malaria.

CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Editing of Bdtektin1 Gene Induces Sterility in Male Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae).

The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (B. dorsalis) is a highly invasive, widely distributed notorious pest restricting global fruit trade immensely. There are several approaches to managing this pest, still require newer approaches.

MXenes as Versatile Materials for Hydrogen Technology and Multifunctional Applications.

MXenes are the carbides and nitrides of transition metals which are two dimensional in structure. High surface area, remarkable hydrophilicity, enhanced electrical conductivity, and unique surface functional groups are some of the distinguished properties of MXenes. These features make them suitable for numerous applications across domains such as sensing, biomedicine, catalysis, and electromagnetic interference shielding followed by hydrogen generation and storage at the forefront.

Polysaccharide-Based Delivery Systems for CRISPR/Cas Gene Therapy: Overcoming Challenges and Advancing Pharmaceutical Solutions.

The advent of CRISPR/Cas gene-editing technology has revolutionized molecular biology, offering unprecedented precision and potential in treating genetic disorders, cancers, and other complex diseases. However, for CRISPR/Cas to be truly effective in clinical settings, one of the most significant challenges lies in the delivery of the CRISPR components, including guide RNA (gRNA) and Cas protein, into specific cells or tissues. Safe, targeted, and efficient delivery remains a critical bottleneck.

Managing Opioid Tolerance: Balancing Pain Relief and Tackling Addiction.

This editorial discusses opioid tolerance, a growing challenge in managing pain in chronic patients. With time, overuse of opioids causes less sensitivity and responsiveness of opioid receptors and leads to higher doses of opioids for the same level of pain management. Due to this, it increases the risk of side effects, such as opioid addiction, respiratory issues, and overdose.

Access to Healthcare Among Tribal Population in India: A Cross-Sectional Household Survey.

This study addresses significant healthcare access challenges faced by India's 104 million-strong tribal population, who are among the most disadvantaged and typically live in hilly rural and remote areas with poor health infrastructure and resources. The study aims to examine healthcare access patterns in six tribal areas, focussing on primary health centres (PHCs), to develop a strategy that improves healthcare service accessibility, quality, and utilization for tribal communities. Data were collected from 9837 participants from 24 PHC areas across six states.

A nuanced review of neoadjuvant therapies in oral cancer.

Introduction: Oralsquamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a significant global health burden. The goals ofneoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) are to shrink tumors allowing for moreconservative surgeries, improve survival and potentially improve quality oflife.

Areascovered: Thisreview explores the current evidence of utility of NACT in OSCC management.