A meta-core outcome set for stillbirth prevention and bereavement care following stillbirth in LMIC.

Study Objective: Stillbirth is burdensome in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Currently, there are two core outcome sets (COS) for stillbirth (prevention and bereavement care), but these were developed with limited reflection of the needs of parents in an LMIC setting. To address this gap, the objective of this study was to establish consensus on the most important outcomes for stillbirth prevention and bereavement care following stillbirth in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

Deep eutectic solvents in analysis, delivery and chemistry of pharmaceuticals.

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have an emerging scientific role, assisting modern pharmaceutics. They are uniquely supporting the resolution of crucial issues, such as the effective extraction and isolation of bio-actives. They act as media and catalysts for pharmaceutical drug synthesis, and as green solvents and modifiers in pharmaceutical analysis.

Therapeutics of bitter plants from Northeast region of India and their pharmacological and phytochemical perspectives.

Natural resources have been used for food and medicine since the beginning of human civilization, and they have always been a low-cost, easily accessible source for individuals. Northeast region of India (NER) represents a significant portion of India's flora and fauna. Marginality, fragility, inaccessibility, ethnicity, and cultural diversity thrived in the region, resulting in the richest reservoir of genetic variation of bioresources.

Effect of doping in TiO/chitosan composite on adsorptive-photocatalytic removal of gallic acid from water.

Gallic acid (GA) has emerged as a low biodegradable and high acidity industrial effluent. Due to mutagenic and carcinogenic nature of GA, it becomes essential to remove it from wastewater. Different chemical, physical and biological methods are being used for this purpose.

TGF-beta plays dual roles in immunity and pathogenesis in leishmaniasis.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), displaying a dual role in immunosuppression and pathogenesis, has emerged as a key regulator of anti-leishmanial immune responses. In Leishmania infections, TGF-β drives immune deviation by enhancing regulatory T-cell (T-reg) differentiation and inhibiting macrophage activation, suppressing critical antiparasitic responses. This cytokine simultaneously promotes fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and fibrosis in infected tissues, which aids in wound healing but impedes immune cell infiltration, particularly in visceral leishmaniasis, where splenic disorganization and compromised immune access are notable.

The effect of curcumin, catechin and resveratrol on viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells possess the capability to proliferate and differentiate into diverse lineages. Their beneficial properties have been explored widely to treat various disorders. Phytochemicals like curcumin, catechin and resveratrol have been evaluated for their medicinal values and have promising potential in treating numerous diseases.

Bioorganic compounds in quorum sensing disruption: strategies, Mechanisms, and future prospects.

Recent research has shed light on the complex world of bacterial communication through quorum sensing. This sophisticated intercellular signalling mechanism, driven by auto-inducers, regulates crucial bacterial community behaviours such as biofilm formation, expression of virulence factors, and resistance mechanisms. The increasing threat of antibiotic resistance, coupled with quorum sensing mediated response, necessitates alternative strategies to combat bacterial infections.

Do social relationships at work enhance creativity and innovative behavior? Role of psychological safety.

The study uses social exchange theory to examine how social relationships affect individual involvement in creativity at work and innovative behavior, mediated by psychological safety. The study disentangles the social relationships at work as informal and formal relationships in terms of two plausible theoretical variables, workplace friendliness and perceived affective climate respectively, for the above purpose. Over a period of three-months, data collection was conducted in the IT and ITeS industry, with a sample of 515 participants and 105 team leads, using a two-pronged approach involving data from both team leads and their subordinates.

Tracing microplastics in environmental sources and migratory shorebirds along the Central Asian Flyway.

Microplastic pollution poses a significant threat to coastal ecosystems worldwide. Despite its widespread occurrence, knowledge on the prevalence and fate of microplastics across food webs is limited. To bridge this gap, we conducted an extensive study on microplastic contamination in mudflats, mangroves, and sand beaches being key habitats for wintering shorebirds on the west coast of India.

MCC950 mitigates SIRT3-NLRP3-driven inflammation and rescues post-stroke neurogenesis.

Sustained activation of the SIRT3-NLRP3 inflammasome has been associated with worse outcomes after ischemic stroke. The objective of this study was to examine the potential mechanism by which the SIRT3-NLRP3 inflammasome affects neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in rats. Following tMCAO, significantly elevated levels of NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase 1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were observed in the ischemic subventricular zone.

Interaction of cesium compounds with abundant inorganic compounds of atmosphere: Effect on cloud formation potential and settling.

Experiments were conducted in controlled laboratory conditions to determine the size-resolved CCN (Cloud Condensation Nuclei) activity of sub micrometer-sized aerosols containing nuclear fission products (CsI and CsOH) and abundant ambient inorganic aerosols ammonium sulphates ((NH)SO), ammonium chloride (NHCl), sodium nitrate (NaNO), and sodium chloride (NaCl). The presence of these atmospheric-relevant compounds internally mixed with fission product compounds has the potential to affect the capacity of ambient particulates of aerosols to absorb water and function as CCN. Once in the atmosphere, the dynamics of airborne radionuclides and subsequently their fate gets affected by dry and wet deposition processes.

Investigation on luminescence characteristics of Dy-Tb co-doped phospho-tellurite glasses for tunable green/ white LED applications.

Dy/Tb co-doped glasses have drawn profound attention for their potential in solid state lighting due to their unique luminescence properties. This research highlights the effect of compositional variation on structural and optical characteristics of Dy/Tb co-doped phospho-tellurite glasses through a comprehensive analysis involving X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and photoluminescence (PL) studies. XRD and FTIR spectroscopy are conducted to characterize the glass matrix and confirm its structural integrity.

Green growth transition and carbon neutrality nexus: A comparative study on the top carbon emitters.

This is a comparative study that investigates the role of green growth, green technological innovations, agricultural eco-efficiency and trade openness on carbon neutrality in the top three carbon emitting countries, namely, China, the USA and India, using panel quantile regression with quarterly data for the time period of 2010-2022. The results reveal different findings which have important policy implications. Firstly, carbon emissions vs green growth and carbon emissions vs green technological innovation have a significant U-shaped relationship, which indicate that when green growth and green technological innovations increases, the rate of carbon emissions continues to decline up to a threshold point and start to increase thereafter.

A transplantation study in the high-altitude ecosystem of Ladakh suggests site-specific microenvironment is key for physiological adaptation than altitude.

Transplantation experiments conducted in high altitude ecosystems are rising as key strategy to examine the response of individual plant transplanted across distinct elevations. However, plant physiological and biochemical performance in response to changes in abiotic factors across different species and mountain ranges is still lacking. So in the present study, we have made an attempt to link the physiological performance with that of altitudinal gradient in Ladakh by transplanting Lepidium latifolium at four different altitudinal sites.

A very low carbohydrate diet improved metabolic profile in congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 4.

Summary: A 17-year-old girl presented with recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis, associated with severe hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, despite being on intensive insulin therapy for the last 10 years. She had severe acanthosis nigricans, generalized loss of subcutaneous fat and prominent veins over extremities. The serum levels of glucose and triglyceride did not reduce significantly, even with maximally tolerated doses of metformin (2 g), pioglitazone (45 mg) and fenofibrate (160 mg), not uncommonly seen in poor rural families in West Bengal, India.

Probing the magnetic ground state of stretched diamond lattices NdTaO4 and NdNbO4: Impact of spin-orbit coupling and crystal electric field.

Magnetic systems, wherein competing degree of freedoms arising from spin orbit coupling and crystal electric field lead to non-trivial magnetic ground states, remains in the forefront of research in condensed matter physics. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation on three-dimensional rare-earth based spin systems NdTaO4 and NdNbO4, where the Nd ions sit on a stretched diamond lattice. No signatures of long-range ordering and spin freezing are observed down to 1.

Mind relaxation effect of Jatamansi Taila Shirodhara on psychological distress in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) patients - results of an open-labelled, randomised controlled clinical trial.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer clinically defined as lacking expression of Estrogen receptor (ER), Progesterone receptor (PR), and Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor (HER2). Psychological distress is a major risk factor of TNBC, patients diagnosed with TNBC are under tremendous stress due to the aggressive nature of the disease. Stress hormones decrease the efficacy of therapeutics.

Insights into the molecular self-assembly of urea-functionalized acetylenes.

This study investigates simple acetylenes substituted with phenylurea as a constant H-bonding unit (Alk-R) and varied hydrophobic units (R = H, Phenyl (Ph), Phenylacetylene (PA), Ph-NMe2) to understand self-assembly properties driven by synergistic non-covalent interactions. Our observations reveal hierarchical self-assembled fibrillar networks with luminescent needles, fibers, and flowers on nano- to micro-meter scales. Subtle changes in substituents led to significant differences: H, Ph, PA, and Ph-NMe2 produced needle-like crystals, dendritic nanofibers, microflakes, and no self-assembly, respectively.

Deep learning aided determination of the optimal number of detectors for photoacoustic tomography.

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is a non-destructive, non-ionizing, and rapidly expanding hybrid biomedical imaging technique, yet it faces challenges in obtaining clear images due to limited data from detectors or angles. As a result, the methodology suffers from significant streak artifacts and low-quality images. The integration of deep learning (DL), specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has recently demonstrated powerful performance in various fields of PAT.

Modulating Enzyme's Conformational Space: Impact of Substrate Binding, Mode Alteration, and Active Site Mutation in DapC, an Aminotransferase Enzyme of Lysine Biosynthetic Pathway.

The microbial aminotransferase enzyme DapC is vital for lysine biosynthesis in various Gram-positive bacteria, including . Characterization of the enzyme's conformational dynamics and identifying the key residues for ligand binding are crucial for the development of effective antimicrobials. This study employs atomistic simulations to explore and categorize the dynamics of DapC in comparison to other classes of aminotransferase.

Strategic Mutations in Designer Native Peptides Combat NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Neurodegenerative Disorders.

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-, leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-, and pyrin domain (PYD)-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) form an inflammasome by assembling with apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and procaspase-1 that plays a pivotal role in various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson diseases. We designed native peptides derived from the PYDs of NLRP3 and ASC based on their interfacial interaction to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome formation. Screening revealed that , derived from NLRP3, inhibits inflammasome activation.

Spectrum of Dermatoses Affecting the Lower Leg and Foot in an Outpatient Clinic at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Infective and noninfective dermatoses of the lower leg and foot can be attributed to factors such as infections, blood stagnation, chemical contact, and abnormal mechanics. These factors make the lower leg and foot more susceptible to microbial infections, contact dermatitis, stasis eczema, ulcers, corns, and calluses.

Objective: To identify the patterns of infective and noninfective dermatoses on the lower leg and foot.