Targeting the Neuro-vascular Presynaptic Signalling in STROKE: Evidence and Therapeutic Implications.

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term adult disability worldwide. Stroke causes neurodegeneration and impairs synaptic function. Understanding the role of synaptic proteins and associated signalling pathways in stroke pathology could offer insights into therapeutic approaches as well as improving rehabilitation-related treatment regimes.

Rational pore engineering reveals the relative contribution of enzymatic sites and self-assembly towards rapid ferroxidase activity and mineralization: impact of electrostatic guiding and cage-confinement in bacterioferritin.

The self-assembled ferritin protein nanocage plays a pivotal role during oxidative stress, iron metabolism, and host-pathogen interaction by executing rapid iron uptake, oxidation and its safe-storage. Self-assembly creates a nanocompartment and various pores/channels for the uptake of charged substrates (Fe) and develops a concentration gradient across the protein shell. This phenomenon fuels rapid ferroxidase activity by an upsurge in the substrate concentration at the catalytic sites.

Left Ventricular Myxoma Causing Posterior Circulation Stroke.

Myxoma is a cardiac tumor most commonly found in the left atrium, presenting most frequently with dyspnea, chest pain, and constitutional symptoms. Hereby, we are presenting a rare case of cardiac myxoma originating from the left ventricle, presenting with an ischemic stroke in a young individual. He underwent surgical excision of the mass.

Management of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Effectiveness of a Steroid-Free Regimen Using -A Single-Institution Experience.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign, chronic inflammatory disease with no effective treatment and high relapse rate. The pathophysiology is poorly understood. Tinosporin, an immunomodulator obtained from , is known to be useful in treating immune-mediated diseases.

Valorization of agro-industrial waste through solid-state fermentation: Mini review.

Agriculture and industrial waste are produced in large volumes every year worldwide, causing serious concerns about their disposal. These wastes have high organic content, which microorganisms can easily assimilate into relevant value-added products. Valorization of agro-industrial waste is required for sustainable development.

Insights into expression and localization of HPV16 LCR-associated transcription factors and association with LCR activity in HNSCC.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) encompasses a heterogeneous group of malignancies characterized by diverse clinical manifestations. Notably, HPV-positive HNSCC exhibits a more favorable prognosis, particularly when the virus is transcriptionally active. This study aimed to elucidate the role of key transcription factors in activating the HPV long control region (LCR), responsible for its oncogenic potential.

Evaluating the effect of virgin coconut oil pulling on viral load, bacterial load and inflammatory mediator levels in chronic periodontitis - A clinical study.

Background And Objective: Periodontitis and dental caries are among the most prevalent oral diseases, with chronic periodontitis being a multifactorial, infectious condition that leads to inflammation in the supporting structures of the teeth, progressive attachment loss, and bone resorption. Chronic periodontitis is driven by a consortium of pathogenic microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of virgin coconut oil (VCO) pulling in reducing the microbial load and inflammatory mediators responsible for chronic periodontitis, in comparison to chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash and distilled water.

Methotrexate-Induced Accelerated Nodulosis: A Case Series.

Methotrexate-induced nodulosis, also known as methotrexate-induced accelerated nodulosis (MIAN), is a rare side effect of methotrexate therapy. Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used to treat various autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In this case series, we present patients with MIAN, discussing their clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Anti-MDA5 Antibody Associated Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease (RP-ILD): A Case Series.

Objective: To describe the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of a longitudinal series of patients with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) associated with anti MDA 5 antibody.

Methods: RP-ILD patients were identified from a prospective cohort of adult patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). Clinical, demographic, and serological parameters of all patients were recorded using a structured proforma.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts the Disease Activity in Patients with Paediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: To assess the association between Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with a degree of activity of paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) in terms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) score.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Paediatric Rheumatology Clinic, Medical College Kolkata. Systemic lupus erythematosus was diagnosed in children based on the 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria and/or SLICC 2012 criteria.

Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Connective Tissue Disease Associated Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Single-Centre Study from India.

Background: Sarcopenia, a progressive loss of skeletal muscle strength and mass, can lead to decreased quality of life, physical disability, and mortality. Early identification of sarcopenia is crucial in limiting morbidity and mortality in connective tissue disease associated interstitial lung diseases (CTDILD) patients.

Objective: The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in CTD-ILD patients and to correlate the severity of sarcopenia with pulmonary function tests, spirometry, and 6-minute walk test (6MWT).

Pneumomediastinum in MDA5+ Dermatomyositis: A Case Series.

MDA5+ DM, or anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (DM), is a rare autoimmune illness that primarily affects women of Asian origin. The typical presentation of MDA5+ DM includes a variety of cutaneous lesions accompanied by either no muscular weakness (amyopathic) or hypomyopathic features. In patients with MDA5+ DM, rapid progression of interstitial lung disease is a frequent manifestation associated with poor prognosis.

Evaluation of IRF7 mRNA and its Association with Promoter Methylation in Kashmiri (North-Indian) Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: The interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), a member of the IRF family of transcription factors, plays a major role in the regulation of numerous aspects of an immune response and has increasingly been surveyed to determine the aetiology and pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the transcriptional levels of IRF7 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the impact of promoter methylation on IRF7 mRNA expression in SSc patients compared to healthy controls.

Methods: PBMCs were obtained from confirmed 40 naïve SSc cases and 20 healthy controls for IRF-7 expression and methylation analysis.

Oral Versus Injectable Vitamin D Therapy for Treating Nutritional Rickets in Indian Children: A Comparative Study.

Background: Rickets is a common metabolic bone disease in children, primarily caused by vitamin D deficiency. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of oral weekly vitamin D supplementation and injectable stoss therapy in treating nutritional rickets in Indian children.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted over 18 months at a tertiary care center.

What is the Incidence of Bone Cement Implantation Syndrome in Elderly patients Undergoing Cemented Stem Hemiarthroplasty ? An Evaluation of 40 Patients.

Introduction: To study the incidence of bone cement implantation syndrome in elderly patients undergoing cemented stem hip arthroplasty with the use of pulse lavage.

Materials And Methods: 40 consecutive patients undergoing cemented stem hip arthroplasty enrolled in the study and intra-operative vitals post induction and post cementing were recorded at 5, 10 and 15 min.

Results: Study depicted an incidence of 32.

Deciphering the Frailty Factor: Comprehensive Insights Into Its Impact on Postoperative Complications and Recovery Among Elderly Orthopedic Surgery Patients.

Background: This single center-based prospective cohort study was conducted, on 157 patients over 60 years old patients requiring major orthopedic surgery, from June 2019 to June 2021. Frailty was assessed using the Edmonton Frailty Scale pre-operatively. Post-operative complications, ambulatory status, readmission rates, and mortality were monitored up to three months post-surgery, and statistical analysis was performed.

Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Orthopedic Implant Surgeries: An Analysis of Practices, Outcomes, and Costs.

Purpose: To characterize various regimens used for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) in patients undergoing orthopedic implant surgeries (OISs).

Method: A prospective observational study was conducted in patients undergoing OISs to identify various antimicrobial regimens used for SAP. Patients were followed up for a month to detect signs of surgical site infections (SSIs).

Efficacy and Complications of External Fixator-Assisted Correction in Cubitus Varus Deformity.

Background: Untreated cubitus varus results in cosmetic deformity as well as posterolateral rotatory instability at the elbow if longstanding. French osteotomy with its modifications is the most commonly done osteotomy and relies on a medial intact hinge and these osteotomies fail to address the lateral prominence. Intraoperative fixator assistance to adjust the translation and fine tune the osteotomy is a novel method to address the lateral prominence.

Functional Outcomes in Aseptic Humeral Shaft Nonunion Treated With Plate Osteosynthesis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Aseptic nonunion is prevalent in orthopedic practice, causing persistent pain and functional impairment. Humeral shaft fractures, accounting for 3-5% of all fractures, have nonunion rates of 2-33% in nonoperative and 5-10% in surgical management. This study, the largest case series on operative management of aseptic humeral shaft nonunion (AHSN), treated with plate osteosynthesis.

Study of Factors Affecting the Clinical and Radiological Outcome in Management of Infected Non-Union of Tibia Managed with Ilizarov Ring Fixator and its Correlation with Patient-Reported Outcome: Prospective Descriptive Study.

Background: Non-union of fracture of tibia is often associated with multiple problems like infection, deformity, bone loss, and soft tissue loss. Ilizarov is a worldwide accepted treatment for infected non-union of tibia, but correlation of patient-rated outcome measures with surgeon-assessed clinical and radiological outcomes is not being done in the literature.

Objectives: To analyze the variables affecting clinical and radiological outcomes and patient-reported outcomes (EQ5D5L) and to assess correlation between patient-reported outcome measures and ASAMI scores during management of infected nonunion of tibia with Ilizarov ring fixator.

Comparison of 1 Week Accelerated Ponseti and Standard Ponseti Technique for Management of Idiopathic Congenital Talipes Equinovarus Deformity in Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The implementation of the standard Ponseti technique (SPT) in management of idiopathic clubfoot can be challenging due to the need for frequent travelling and long duration to achieve correction. The one week accelerated Ponseti technique (OWAPT) reduces the duration of correction to seven days and has been reported to be effective and safe. However, children still need to travel for change of cast.

Isolated circinate balanitis successfully treated with topical tacrolimus.

Circinate balanitis, a common manifestation of reactive arthritis, is usually an associated finding seen with the clinical trial of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis. We hereby report a case of isolated circinate balanitis and its dermoscopic features in an adult patient. The patient responded successfully to treatment with topical tacrolimus 0.

Moth-eaten alopecia and beyond: Syphilitic alopecia - Revisited.

Alopecia is usually an overlooked manifestation of syphilis commonly seen in secondary syphilis with a prevalence of 2.9%-7%. It is broadly classified into symptomatic and essential alopecia and the observed patterns include moth-eaten type, generalized thinning, and mixed pattern.

Micropapillomatosis labialis - Report of three cases.

Vestibular papillomatosis (VP) is an uncommon benign condition. This condition is very rare; hence, its incidence is difficult to estimate. It has been recorded in healthy young women in the range of 1%-33%.

Kaposi's sarcoma unmasked by corticosteroids in an advanced HIV patient with tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

In this case report, we present a 35-year-old homosexual man with advanced HIV disease and disseminated tuberculosis (TB) who developed paradoxical TB immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Corticosteroids, vital in life-threatening IRIS, were initiated, resulting in symptom resolution but unmasking AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Diagnostic confirmation revealed disseminated KS, necessitating a comprehensive therapeutic strategy involving chemotherapy and thalidomide as a steroid-sparing agent.