Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Connective Tissue Disease Associated Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Single-Centre Study from India.

Background: Sarcopenia, a progressive loss of skeletal muscle strength and mass, can lead to decreased quality of life, physical disability, and mortality. Early identification of sarcopenia is crucial in limiting morbidity and mortality in connective tissue disease associated interstitial lung diseases (CTDILD) patients.

Objective: The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in CTD-ILD patients and to correlate the severity of sarcopenia with pulmonary function tests, spirometry, and 6-minute walk test (6MWT).

Pneumomediastinum in MDA5+ Dermatomyositis: A Case Series.

MDA5+ DM, or anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (DM), is a rare autoimmune illness that primarily affects women of Asian origin. The typical presentation of MDA5+ DM includes a variety of cutaneous lesions accompanied by either no muscular weakness (amyopathic) or hypomyopathic features. In patients with MDA5+ DM, rapid progression of interstitial lung disease is a frequent manifestation associated with poor prognosis.

Evaluation of IRF7 mRNA and its Association with Promoter Methylation in Kashmiri (North-Indian) Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: The interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), a member of the IRF family of transcription factors, plays a major role in the regulation of numerous aspects of an immune response and has increasingly been surveyed to determine the aetiology and pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the transcriptional levels of IRF7 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the impact of promoter methylation on IRF7 mRNA expression in SSc patients compared to healthy controls.

Methods: PBMCs were obtained from confirmed 40 naïve SSc cases and 20 healthy controls for IRF-7 expression and methylation analysis.

Oral Versus Injectable Vitamin D Therapy for Treating Nutritional Rickets in Indian Children: A Comparative Study.

Background: Rickets is a common metabolic bone disease in children, primarily caused by vitamin D deficiency. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of oral weekly vitamin D supplementation and injectable stoss therapy in treating nutritional rickets in Indian children.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted over 18 months at a tertiary care center.

What is the Incidence of Bone Cement Implantation Syndrome in Elderly patients Undergoing Cemented Stem Hemiarthroplasty ? An Evaluation of 40 Patients.

Introduction: To study the incidence of bone cement implantation syndrome in elderly patients undergoing cemented stem hip arthroplasty with the use of pulse lavage.

Materials And Methods: 40 consecutive patients undergoing cemented stem hip arthroplasty enrolled in the study and intra-operative vitals post induction and post cementing were recorded at 5, 10 and 15 min.

Results: Study depicted an incidence of 32.

Deciphering the Frailty Factor: Comprehensive Insights Into Its Impact on Postoperative Complications and Recovery Among Elderly Orthopedic Surgery Patients.

Background: This single center-based prospective cohort study was conducted, on 157 patients over 60 years old patients requiring major orthopedic surgery, from June 2019 to June 2021. Frailty was assessed using the Edmonton Frailty Scale pre-operatively. Post-operative complications, ambulatory status, readmission rates, and mortality were monitored up to three months post-surgery, and statistical analysis was performed.

Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Orthopedic Implant Surgeries: An Analysis of Practices, Outcomes, and Costs.

Purpose: To characterize various regimens used for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) in patients undergoing orthopedic implant surgeries (OISs).

Method: A prospective observational study was conducted in patients undergoing OISs to identify various antimicrobial regimens used for SAP. Patients were followed up for a month to detect signs of surgical site infections (SSIs).

Efficacy and Complications of External Fixator-Assisted Correction in Cubitus Varus Deformity.

Background: Untreated cubitus varus results in cosmetic deformity as well as posterolateral rotatory instability at the elbow if longstanding. French osteotomy with its modifications is the most commonly done osteotomy and relies on a medial intact hinge and these osteotomies fail to address the lateral prominence. Intraoperative fixator assistance to adjust the translation and fine tune the osteotomy is a novel method to address the lateral prominence.

Functional Outcomes in Aseptic Humeral Shaft Nonunion Treated With Plate Osteosynthesis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Aseptic nonunion is prevalent in orthopedic practice, causing persistent pain and functional impairment. Humeral shaft fractures, accounting for 3-5% of all fractures, have nonunion rates of 2-33% in nonoperative and 5-10% in surgical management. This study, the largest case series on operative management of aseptic humeral shaft nonunion (AHSN), treated with plate osteosynthesis.

Study of Factors Affecting the Clinical and Radiological Outcome in Management of Infected Non-Union of Tibia Managed with Ilizarov Ring Fixator and its Correlation with Patient-Reported Outcome: Prospective Descriptive Study.

Background: Non-union of fracture of tibia is often associated with multiple problems like infection, deformity, bone loss, and soft tissue loss. Ilizarov is a worldwide accepted treatment for infected non-union of tibia, but correlation of patient-rated outcome measures with surgeon-assessed clinical and radiological outcomes is not being done in the literature.

Objectives: To analyze the variables affecting clinical and radiological outcomes and patient-reported outcomes (EQ5D5L) and to assess correlation between patient-reported outcome measures and ASAMI scores during management of infected nonunion of tibia with Ilizarov ring fixator.

Comparison of 1 Week Accelerated Ponseti and Standard Ponseti Technique for Management of Idiopathic Congenital Talipes Equinovarus Deformity in Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The implementation of the standard Ponseti technique (SPT) in management of idiopathic clubfoot can be challenging due to the need for frequent travelling and long duration to achieve correction. The one week accelerated Ponseti technique (OWAPT) reduces the duration of correction to seven days and has been reported to be effective and safe. However, children still need to travel for change of cast.

Isolated circinate balanitis successfully treated with topical tacrolimus.

Circinate balanitis, a common manifestation of reactive arthritis, is usually an associated finding seen with the clinical trial of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis. We hereby report a case of isolated circinate balanitis and its dermoscopic features in an adult patient. The patient responded successfully to treatment with topical tacrolimus 0.

Moth-eaten alopecia and beyond: Syphilitic alopecia - Revisited.

Alopecia is usually an overlooked manifestation of syphilis commonly seen in secondary syphilis with a prevalence of 2.9%-7%. It is broadly classified into symptomatic and essential alopecia and the observed patterns include moth-eaten type, generalized thinning, and mixed pattern.

Micropapillomatosis labialis - Report of three cases.

Vestibular papillomatosis (VP) is an uncommon benign condition. This condition is very rare; hence, its incidence is difficult to estimate. It has been recorded in healthy young women in the range of 1%-33%.

Kaposi's sarcoma unmasked by corticosteroids in an advanced HIV patient with tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

In this case report, we present a 35-year-old homosexual man with advanced HIV disease and disseminated tuberculosis (TB) who developed paradoxical TB immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Corticosteroids, vital in life-threatening IRIS, were initiated, resulting in symptom resolution but unmasking AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Diagnostic confirmation revealed disseminated KS, necessitating a comprehensive therapeutic strategy involving chemotherapy and thalidomide as a steroid-sparing agent.

Behcet syndrome: A rare cause of recurrent genital ulceration.

Behcet syndrome (BS) is a chronic relapsing multisystem vasculitis with skin findings with an important contribution of genetics. Here, we present a case of a 16-year-old male with a complaint of recurrent genital, and oral ulceration with skin lesions and a history of recurrent thrombophlebitis at the sites of venepuncture. There were no systemic manifestations.

Resurgence of sexually transmitted infections in India.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are increasing throughout the world including India at present. In 1960s and 70s, the bacterial STIs were predominant than the viral STIs. The discovery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its rampant spread changed the situation with the increase of viral STIs in 1980s and 90s.

Circinate balanitis: Early manifestation of reactive arthritis? A case series.

Circinate balanitis, although a common cutaneous manifestation of reactive arthritis (ReA), is usually an associated finding present along with the triad of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis. It is rarely seen as the only or the preceding manifestation of ReA. Here, we report three cases of circinate balanitis as stand-alone and initial presentation of probable ReA without any other symptoms of arthritis and conjunctivitis at the time of presentation.

Diagnostic dilemma for human immunodeficiency virus in a fatal case of acute myeloid leukemia.

National Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing programs utilize antibody-based tests for confirming HIV diagnosis which has a diagnostic window period of 23-90 days. In Fiebig acute HIV Stage I-II, an individual has antibody-negative but RNA-positive test results. Here, we present a case of a 54-year-old complete remission acute myeloid leukemia patient, who was recently reported HIV negative by antibody-based tests used in National HIV testing programs.

Unveiling epilepsia partialis continua as an early indicator of HIV encephalitis.

A young male with no known addictions and comorbidities presenting with recurrent clonic-myoclonic movements, initially localized to the left corner of the mouth and left upper limb, evolving into epilepsia partialis continua, despite appropriate sequential antiepileptic medications, subsequently progressed to refractory status epilepticus. He was tested positive for HIV infection and his neuroimaging revealed nonenhancing lesions, a novel finding in HIV-related encephalitis. We managed him with intravenous immunoglobulin along with multiple antiepileptic medications and highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART), and he exhibited a rapid clinical recovery over 3 weeks.