Influence of HLA-B Leader (-21M/T) Dimorphism With Bw4/Bw6 Epitopes on Graft Versus Host Disease After Allogenic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in North Indians.

High degree of variability in human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) system restricts availability of histocompatible HLA-matched-related donors, thus increasing reliance on worldwide bone marrow registries network. Nevertheless, due to limited coverage/accessibility/affordability of some ethnicities in these registries, haploidentical haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) emerged as an alternative option, though with allorecognition-mediated graft versus host disease (GvHD) (>40% cases). A dimorphism [-21 methionine (M) or threonine (T)] in HLA-B leader peptide (exon 1) which differentially influences its HLA-E binding, plausibly regulates natural killer cell functionality, affecting GvHD vulnerability and clinically in practice for donor selection.

Characterisation of the Novel HLA-DQB1*06:469 Allele by Next-Generation Sequencing.

The novel HLA-DQB1*06:469 allele differs from HLA-DQB1*06:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 187 in exon 3.

An international survey of patient blood management practices.

Background: The Association for the Advancement of Blood and Biotherapies (AABB) conducted a global survey of patient blood management (PBM) practices. It determined changes in PBM practices since the last survey.

Study Design And Methods: A working group of AABB's PBM Subsection and AABB staff designed the survey using the Qualtrics™ platform.

Point-of-care nucleic acid testing - a step forward in controlling the HIV epidemic: A review.

Introduction: The HIV/AIDS epidemic, with 85.6 million infections and 40.4 million AIDS-related deaths globally, remains a critical public health challenge.

Clinico-Pathological Significance of Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Hope or Hype?

Background: To correlate between immunohistochemical expression of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and natural killer (NK) cells with the AJCC 8th edition TNM staging system and other disease-modifying clinico-pathological variables.

Methods: The representative histology sections of tumor invasive margin (IM) and tumor core (TC) were selected according to the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group and were subjected to immunohistochemistry with antibodies for TILs (CD3, CD8, FOXP3), NK Cells (CD57), TAMs (CD68, CD163) and pan-leukocyte marker (CD45). Histo-immuno-density-intensity (HIDI) scoring was calculated as a product of the proportion and intensity of staining.

Drug-assisted White Light Generation via Self-assembly.

White-light generation using small organic molecules has gained significant attention from researchers working on the interface of supramolecular chemistry and organic materials. Self-assembled multi-chromophoric materials utilizing a drug molecule and microenvironment-sensitive intramolecular charge transfer dye as an emitter offer the possibility of tunable emission. In this investigation, we focused on white light generation via the combination of a polarity-sensitive red-emitting styryl chromone (SC) and a blue-emitting anticancer and psychotherapeutic drug Norharmane (NHM) in a self-assembled micellar system.

Noninvasive in vivo imaging of macrophages: understanding tumor microenvironments and delivery of therapeutics.

Macrophages are pivotal in the body's defense and response to inflammation. They are present in significant numbers and are widely implicated in various diseases, including cancer. While molecular and histological techniques have advanced our understanding of macrophage biology, their precise function within the cancerous microenvironments remains underexplored.

Fluoride Exposure Modulates Skeletal Development and Mineralization in Zebrafish Larvae.

The presence of high levels of fluoride (F) in groundwater is a major issue worldwide. Although F is essential for healthy teeth and bones, excessive exposure can cause fluorosis or F toxicity. This condition primarily affects the hard tissues due to their high F retention capacity.

Exploring the role of the JEEViKA swasthya mitra helpdesk in improving healthcare access: a qualitative study in tertiary healthcare facilities in Bihar, India.

Background: Rural populations in Bihar, India, face significant healthcare access challenges due to geographical, infrastructural, and financial barriers. The Swasthya Mitra program, initiated by the Bihar Rural Livelihood Promotion Society in collaboration with local and international partners, aims to mitigate these challenges by employing trained community members to navigate patients through the healthcare system.

Methods: This qualitative study employed in-depth interview and thematic analysis to evaluate the Swasthya Mitra program in the Bhagalpur and Jamui districts in Bihar, India.

Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in combating implanted medical device-associated bacterial biofilm infections.

Bacterial biofilms exhibit remarkable resistance against conventional antibiotics and are capable of evading the humoral immune response. They account for nearly 80% of chronic infections in humans. Development of bacterial biofilms on medical implants results in their malfunctioning and subsequently leads to high mortality rates worldwide.

Nutraceutical Impact of Pumpkin Seed Oil on Expression Levels of EZH-2 and KRT-14 Genes against DSS-induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Rat Model.

Inflammatory bowel disease is a collection of intestinal disorders that cause inflammation in the digestive tract. Prolonged inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer. The objective of this study was to fucus on gene expression levels of (KRT-14; associated with epithelial cell integrity) and enhancer of zeste homolog-1 (EZH-2; involved in cellular proliferation) in a IBD rat model in order to rule out impact of nutraceuticals (pumpkin seed oil; PSO) as a complementary approach to conventional treatments of IBD.

Novel transcripts of EMT driving the malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive, and fibrotic condition of the oral mucosa that carries an elevated risk of malignant transformation. We aimed to identify and validate novel genes associated with the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OSF. Genes regulating EMT were identified through differential gene expression analysis, using a LogFC threshold of -1 and + 1 and a padj value < 0.

Capsule network approach for monkeypox (CAPSMON) detection and subclassification in medical imaging system.

In response to the pressing need for the detection of Monkeypox caused by the Monkeypox virus (MPXV), this study introduces the Enhanced Spatial-Awareness Capsule Network (ESACN), a Capsule Network architecture designed for the precise multi-class classification of dermatological images. Addressing the shortcomings of traditional Machine Learning and Deep Learning models, our ESACN model utilizes the dynamic routing and spatial hierarchy capabilities of CapsNets to differentiate complex patterns such as those seen in monkeypox, chickenpox, measles, and normal skin presentations. CapsNets' inherent ability to recognize and process crucial spatial relationships within images outperforms conventional CNNs, particularly in tasks that require the distinction of visually similar classes.

DLCDroid an android apps analysis framework to analyse the dynamically loaded code.

To combat dynamically loaded code in anti-emulated environments, DLCDroid is an Android app analysis framework. DL-CDroid uses the reflection API to effectively identify information leaks due to dynamically loaded code within malicious apps, incorporating static and dynamic analysis techniques. The Dynamically Loaded Code (DLC) technique employs Java features to allow Android apps to dynamically expand their functionality at runtime.

Digital transformation project risks assessment using hybrid picture fuzzy distance measure-based additive ratio assessment method.

Digital transformation (DT) has become vital for companies trying to remain competitive in the recent ever-changing technological environment. DT is the integration of digital technologies into all disciplines of business from regular activities to strategic decision making. Risk management planning requires projects to assess possible risks that may negatively or positively affect a DT project.

Impacts of irrigation expansion on moist-heat stress based on IRRMIP results.

Irrigation rapidly expanded during the 20 century, affecting climate via water, energy, and biogeochemical changes. Previous assessments of these effects predominantly relied on a single Earth System Model, and therefore suffered from structural model uncertainties. Here we quantify the impacts of historical irrigation expansion on climate by analysing simulation results from six Earth system models participating in the Irrigation Model Intercomparison Project (IRRMIP).

Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD).

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease has been recently identified to be a distinct autoimmune central nervous system disorder. There is significant clinical and radiological overlap with multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4-IgG-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Clinical course is variable in that patients may have a monophasic or relapsing course, disease severity is unpredictable, and unlike other idiopathic autoimmune inflammatory disorders, there is no gender predilection and it is more likely to affect pediatric population.

Epigenetic modulation of doxorubicin resistance and strategies for enhancing chemotherapeutic sensitivity.

With the rising global cancer burden, the dependency on chemotherapy also rises along with the complication of chemoresistance development. Studies on multi-drug resistant proteins provide a wide range of regulators, although the exact mechanism is not yet clearly understood. Epigenetic modifications play a vital role in the regulation of cellular processes and also in determining the efficacy of cancer therapy by modulating resistance development and tumor progression.

The translational potential of epigenetic modulatory bioactive phytochemicals as adjuvant therapy against cancer.

In preclinical studies, bioactive phytochemicals have shown enormous potential therapeutic efficacy against various human malignancies. These natural compounds have been shown to possess an inherent potential to alter the molecular signaling pathways and epigenetic modulatory activity involved in multiple physiological functions. Recently, epigenetic therapy has emerged as an important therapeutic modality due to the reversible nature of epigenetic alterations.

Revisiting epigenetic regulation in cancer: Evolving trends and translational implications.

Cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The evolving role of epigenetics and tumor microenvironments of cancer pose significant challenges to the management of cancer. Besides genetics, epigenetic changes play a crucial role in the alteration of cellular machinery, progression, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and chemoresistance.