Hemangiomatous ameloblastoma; A separate entity?".

Ameloblastomas (AM) are locally aggressive tumors, with hemangiomatous ameloblastoma (HA) being a rare subtype characterized by vascular proliferation, predominantly in the stroma but occasionally within the epithelial component. We report a case of a 32-year-old male with recurrent mandibular swelling, histopathologically diagnosed as unicystic HA, showing vascularity in both stroma and odontogenic epithelial islands with GLUT1 positivity in the latter. A review of 31 cases revealed a male predilection, mandibular dominance (89.

Aberrant promoter methylation of CTHRC1 gene and its clinicopathological characteristics in head and neck cancer.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is genetically complex and difficult to treat. Detection in the early stage is challenging, leading to diagnosis at advanced stages with limited treatment options. This study examined the collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 gene (CTHRC1) as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in HNSCC.

Constructed wetland - microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) mediated bio-electrodegradation of azo dyes from textile wastewater.

Azo dyes constitute 60-70% of commercially used dyes and are complex, carcinogenic, and mutagenic pollutants that negatively impact soil composition, water bodies, flora, and fauna. Conventional azo dye degradation techniques have drawbacks such as high production and maintenance costs, use of hazardous chemicals, membrane clogging, and sludge generation. Constructed Wetland-Microbial Fuel Cells (CW-MFCs) offer a promising sustainable approach for the bio-electrodegradation of azo dyes from textile wastewater.

The current models unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the intricate pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease using zebrafish.

The foremost cause of dementia is Alzheimer's disease (AD). The vital pathological hallmarks of AD are amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) protein. The current animal models used in AD research do not precisely replicate disease pathophysiology, making it difficult for researchers to quickly and effectively gather data or screen potential therapy possibilities.

Reduction in bacterial culture positivity rates at a human milk bank facility of a tertiary care hospital: a quality improvement initiative.

Background: Human milk banks (HMBs) offer the best feed for neonates after mother's own milk (MOM), especially when MOM is insufficient. Although HMBs are founded on standard protocols, contamination and wastage of milk due to positive milk cultures remain a problem. Present study was planned as a quality improvement (QI) initiative to reduce culture rates at the HMB.

Introducing and establishing birth companionship in labour ward of a tertiary care centre in North India: a quality improvement journey through and beyond COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Allowing a birth companion is the basic right of a mother and is identified as an important component of respectful maternity care. The implementation of this intervention has been a challenge in heavy-load public health facilities in India.

Local Problem: Despite the proven benefits of the presence of birth companions on maternal-fetal outcomes, there was no policy of allowing birth companions in our hospital.

Myofibroblastoma of the breast mimicking carcinoma: a diagnostic challenge with a crucial role for histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Myofibroblastoma is a rare mesenchymal tumour known for its benign nature but complex diagnostic pathway. A woman in her 40s presented with a painless breast mass, initially reported as a fibroadenoma on ultrasound mammography and as a benign to borderline phyllodes tumour on fine needle aspiration cytology. Contrast-enhanced CT was reported as carcinoma of the breast with Breast Imaging and Reporting Data System (BIRADS)-6.

Trichoptysis: a pathognomonic presentation of anterior mediastinal teratoma.

Germ cell tumours are usually found in the gonads, while the most common extragonadal site is the anterior mediastinum. When these tumours involve the tracheobronchial tree, patients present with trichoptysis or coughing up of hair. We present a rare case of a woman who presented with trichoptysis and was evaluated and diagnosed with benign mature teratoma of the anterior mediastinum with bronchopulmonary involvement.

Non-Occlusive Mesenteric Ischemia in Aortic Surgery: What You Need to Know.

Background: Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI), a subtype of acute mesenteric ischemia, is primarily caused by mesenteric arterial vasoconstriction and decreased vascular resistance, leading to impaired intestinal perfusion.Commonly observed after cardiac surgery, NOMI affects older patients with cardiovascular or systemic diseases, accounting for 20-30% of acute mesenteric ischemia cases with a mortality rate of ∼50%. This review explores NOMI's pathophysiology, clinical implications in aortic dissection, and the unmet needs in diagnosis and management, emphasizing its prognostic significance.

Clonal Haematopoiesis of Indeterminate potential and Cardiovascular diseases : A review.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major driver of mortality and declining health worldwide. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Although dyslipidemia, smoking, diabetes, hypertension and obesity are some well-known causes of CVD, the overlapping genetic pathways between other diseases and those affecting cardiovascular health have been overlooked.

Comparison of patient radiation exposure in coronary angiography via the trans-radial versus trans-femoral approach.

Background: Cardiac catheterization via the trans-radial approach (TRA) has shown several advantages over the trans-femoral approach (TFA) but with a concern of higher radiation exposure. Considering the growing experience with TRA, this study compares patient's radiation during coronary angiography using TRA versus TFA.

Methods: This study included consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiogram over a year at tertiary hospital performed by experienced operators through radial or femoral access.

Mucilage-based composites films and coatings for food packaging application: A review.

Developing sustainable and eco-friendly packaging solutions has garnered significant interest in recent years. Mucilage-based coatings and composites offer a promising approach due to their biodegradability, renewable nature, and ability to enhance food quality protection. This review paper discusses the impact of mucilage-based composites and coatings on various packaging applications, focusing on their physical, mechanical, morphological, barrier, and functional properties.

Bacillus spp. as microbial factories for levan and fructooligosaccharide production - Recent trends.

Levan is a fructan-type homopolysaccharide that has gained increasing attention due to its unique properties and promising applications. It is a fructose-based polymer produced through microbial fermentation by diverse microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts and archaea. The ongoing research on levan mainly focuses on optimizing production processes, elucidating its biological functions, and uncover novel applications.

Synthesis of chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose connect flavonoid (CH-Fla-CMC) composite and their investigation of antioxidant, cytotoxicity activities.

This study successfully synthesised and characterised composites combining chitosan (CH), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and various flavonoids (Fla). This innovative approach demonstrates the potential for developing functional materials with antioxidant and food preservation properties. The composites CH-Fla-CMC (1-5) was characterised using advanced techniques such as FT-IR, UV-Vis, XRD, SEM, TEM, and TGA, providing robust data on their structural, morphological, and thermal properties.

Evolution of transcription factor-containing superfamilies in Eukaryotes.

Regulation of gene expression helps determine various phenotypes in most cellular life forms. It is orchestrated at different levels and at the point of transcription initiation by transcription factors (TFs). TFs bind to DNA through domains that are evolutionarily related, by shared membership of the same superfamilies (TF-SFs), to those found in other nucleic acid binding and protein-binding functions (nTFs for non-TFs).

Beyond Chemotherapy: Exploring 5-FU Resistance and Stemness in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, demanding continuous advancements in treatment strategies. This review explores the complexities of targeting colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the mechanisms contributing to resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The efficacy of 5-FU is enhanced by combination therapies such as FOLFOXIRI and targeted treatments like bevacizumab, cetuximab, and panitumumab, particularly in KRAS wild-type tumors, despite associated toxicity.

"The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing: Incidental Pulmonary Hydatidosis masquerading as Constitutional Symptoms".

Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, remains a significant health concern in endemic regions. This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic challenges of pulmonary hydatid cysts in non-endemic areas, presenting a unique case of an incidental pulmonary hydatid cyst in a 31-year-old lactating female discovered during evaluation of non-specific constitutional symptoms.

Decoding the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Process: Insights into Origin, Spread, and Therapeutic Approaches.

Globally, over 768 million confirmed cases and 6.9 million deaths had been documented as of July 17, 2023. Coronaviruses have a relatively large RNA genome.

Natural phytochemicals reverting M2 to M1 macrophages: A novel alternative Leishmaniasis therapy.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a tropical parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania which remains a significant global health concern with diverse clinical manifestations. Transmitted through the bite of an infected sandfly, its progression depends on the interplay between the host immune response and the parasite. The disease outcome is linked to macrophage polarisation into M1 and M2 phenotypes.

Comparison of different freezing rates on post-thaw viability, proliferation, and stemness of sheep spermatogonial stem cells.

The application of spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) will be more effective and feasible following the successful cryopreservation and transfer of SSCs in livestock. Like other cells, SSCs are also sensitive to cryoinjury; hence composition of the cryomedia and freezing protocols need to be optimized. The present study aims to optimising the best freezing rates by minimising the ice crystallization and dehydration effect in order to maximize the post-thaw SSCs survivability and stemness characteristics.

Biofouling dynamics and antifouling innovations: Transitioning from traditional biocides to nanotechnological interventions.

Biofouling is a common phenomenon caused by waterborne organisms such as bacteria, diatoms, mussels, barnacles, algae, etc., accumulating on the surfaces of engineering structures submerged under water. This leads to corrosion of such surfaces and decreases their moving efficiency.