Optimal Nutrition in ICU! Less is More? Food for Thought or Feed for Survival!

Chhallani AA. Optimal Nutrition in ICU! Less is More? Food for Thought or Feed for Survival! Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(11):999-1001.

The Clinical Impression of NDM-producing in Intensive Care Units of the University Referral Hospital in North India.

Aims And Background: Carbapenem-resistant (CRAb), a major public health threat, causes severe infections in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. It resists β-lactam antibiotics through mechanisms like New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM).

Materials And Methods: In ICU patients, 69 species were isolated from 86 non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli.

Evaluation of LMG S-31876 for immunomodulation and stress: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: The study aimed to analyze the safety and effectiveness of the ProBC Plus ( LMG S-31876) supplement across various health parameters, including stress levels, immunoglobulin levels, biochemical parameters, and vital signs.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study was conducted involving 50 subjects diagnosed with ailments related to immune system dysfunction and stress related disorders. Patients were treated with ProBC Plus (2 billion colony-forming units [CFU]) along with a placebo capsule administered once daily for a period of 8 weeks.

Prospects of cold plasma in enhancing food phenolics: analyzing nutritional potential and process optimization through RSM and AI techniques.

Consumption of plant-based food is steadily increasing and follows an augmented trend owing to their nutritive, functional, and energy potential. Different bioactive fractions, such as phenols, flavanols, and so on, contribute highly to the nutritive profile of food and are known to have a sensitivity toward higher temperatures. This limits the applicability of traditional thermal treatments for plant products, paving the way for the advancement of innovative and non-thermal techniques such as pulsed electric field, microwave, ultrasound, cold plasma, and high-pressure processing.

Fungal positivity seen in tertiary care hospital during COVID-19 pandemic.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been prevailing for more than a year, associated with an increased number of opportunistic invasive fungal infections in patients who have been critically ill or immunocompromised. In this retrospective study, details of various clinical specimens received from suspected patients of fungal infections were studied. Fungal cultures were positive in 64% (51 out of 79) of COVID-19-positive patients and 43% (163 out of 381) of COVID-19-negative patients during the second wave of COVID-19 in 2021.

Selenium-based nanomaterials: green and conventional synthesis methods, applications, and advances in dye degradation.

The rapidly expanding industrialization and global increase in economic activities have drawn attention to the concerning accumulation of waste. The textile industry plays a significant role in environmental pollution, especially in and water pollution. Harmful dyes used during the fabrication process are mixed with water bodies through sewage or wastewater ejected from industrial factories.

Novel mixed matrix membranes with indium-based 2D and 3D MOFs as fillers and polysulfone for CO/CH mixed gas separation.

To address the limitations of polymeric membranes, mixed matrix membranes for CO separation from biogas mixtures (CO and CH) have been investigated utilizing various fillers. In this study, we investigated novel MMMs using 3D and 2D indium-based MOFs, MIL-68(In)-NH and In(aip), in a polysulfone polymer matrix. To confirm synthesis, both fillers were subjected to XRD and FTIR analysis, as well as FESEM characterization to assess their 2D and 3D structures.

Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using for photocatalytic degradation of malachite green and reduction of 4-nitrophenol.

Achieving the smallest crystallite/particle size of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) reported to date, measuring 5.2/12.41 nm with () leaf extract, this study introduces a facile green synthesis.

Nanomaterials-plants-microbes interaction: plant growth promotion and stress mitigation.

Soil salinization, extreme climate conditions, and phytopathogens are abiotic and biotic stressors that remarkably reduce agricultural productivity. Recently, nanomaterials have gained attention as effective agents for agricultural applications to mitigate such stresses. This review aims to critically appraise the available literature on interactions involving nanomaterials, plants, and microorganisms.

Identification of novel microRNAs: Biomarkers for pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice model.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most fatal cancer that has affected both male and female populations globally. With poor diagnosis and patient survival rates, it has become a global need for scientists to come to the aid. The main objective of the study was to profile the miRNAs in the serum of Control and DEN-treated mice at different time intervals (4 Weeks, 8 Weeks, 12 Weeks, and 16 Weeks) and identify HCC-associated miRNA as putative early biomarkers along with the miRNA regulated candidate gene which may be involved in HCC.

Effectiveness of Treating Vertical Maxillary Excess Among Non-growing Adult Patients With Skeletal Anchorage System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case Reports From 2008 to 2023.

Vertical maxillary excess presents a complex challenge in orthodontic treatment, necessitating effective anchorage systems for optimal correction. This research is useful to assess the skeletal anchorage system's (SAS) effectiveness in correcting the vertical maxillary excess among adult patients presenting with gummy smiles. This study includes case reports with English full text and examines the global general adult (18+) human population with vertical maxillary excess (VME).

Ulcerative Lesions in the Intertriginous Areas of an Adolescent Female Patient: A Case of Inverse Erosive Lichen Planus.

Lichen planus is a common mucocutaneous disorder that can affect various parts of the body, with its erosive variant typically involving the oral mucosa. This variant rarely affects the skin, and even less commonly, the flexural regions. Here, we present a case of a 14-year-old girl who presented with ulcerated, itchy lesions in the intertriginous areas for one year.

Low-Cost Modification to Enhance Bone Marrow Aspiration Efficiency: A Technical Report.

Bone marrow aspiration is an essential procedure for diagnosing hematological conditions and therapeutic applications, such as bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) therapy for non-union of bones. This report presents a case of a 35-year-old male with femoral non-union treated with BMAC, requiring the collection of a large bone marrow aspirate volume. A novel, low-cost modification to the standard bone marrow aspiration apparatus was developed using components from an intravenous (IV) drip set, including a rubber bulb connector and a luer lock connector.

Comparative Evaluation of Remaining Dentin Thickness Using Manual Protapers, Protaper Gold, and Reciprocating Waveone Gold in Single-Rooted Teeth With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An In-Vitro Study.

Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the remaining dentinal thickness in the single-rooted tooth at the coronal, middle, and apical third using three different rotary instrumentation techniques using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methodology: Sixty-eight noncarious single-rooted teeth were collected and decoronated at the level of cementoenamel junction with a diamond disc. All specimens were randomly divided into three experimental groups - Manual ProTaper Universal (PTU; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), Protaper Gold (PTG; Dentsply Maillefer), Waveone Gold (Dentsply Maillefer) and one control group of 17 teeth each.

Recurrent Hospitalisation in a Child With Hypopigmented Hair: Inborn Errors of Immunity Emerge.

Griscelli syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by pigmentary dilution of skin and hair, recurrent skin and pulmonary infections, neurological manifestations, and immunodeficiency. We present a four-month-old female child with hypopigmented silvery hair and a history of recurrent hospitalisations for respiratory illness. The child was extensively evaluated for inborn errors of immunity (IEI), and the final diagnosis of type 2 Griscelli syndrome was made only after genetic testing.

Exploring the dielectric properties of herbal medicine and modern pharmaceuticals: an integrative review.

The integration of herbal medicine with modern pharmaceuticals offers a novel approach to addressing complex healthcare challenges. This study investigates the role of dielectric spectroscopy in analysing key physicochemical properties such as solubility, stability, and molecular interactions. The findings reveal that combining herbal extracts with pharmaceutical agents enhances solubility and stability.

Upconverter loaded MoS counter electrode for broadband dye-sensitized solar cell applications.

An interesting approach of including an upconverter in the MoS counter electrode can yield broadband light harvesting Pt-free DSSC assembly. Here different upconverter (UC) nanoparticles (Yb, Er incorporated NaYF, YF, CeO & YO) were synthesized and loaded in MoS thin film by hydrothermal method. The inclusion of UCs in MoS films exposed without any secondary formation of upconverters and the uniform deposition of the films are confirmed through XRD and FESEM analysis respectively.

The Impact of Epigenetics on the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Nephropathic Complications.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a long-term metabolic condition that presents considerable health challenges globally. As the disease progresses, the interplay between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors becomes increasingly evident, leading to complications. Epigenetics has emerged as a critical area of research, providing insights into how these factors can modify the expression and cellular behavior without altering the underlying DNA sequence.

Navigating the Labyrinth of Gender Incongruence in Conservative Societies: A Call for Compassion and Understanding.

In the conservative heartland of Haryana, India, a poignant encounter in a hospital chamber revealed the raw, often overlooked struggles of gender incongruence. A young woman, presenting in masculine attire and identifying herself with the pronouns 'he' and 'him', sought not only medical assistance for transition to male but also the validation of his identity amidst a backdrop of societal prejudice. This case underscores the complexities faced by individuals with gender incongruence in a society resistant to non-binary identities.

Dietary Calcium Intake and Association with Serum Calcium in Healthy Urban North Indian Adults: The Calcium-Chandigarh Urban Bone Epidemiological Study.

Introduction: Data on dietary calcium intake (DCI) from healthy North Indian adults are limited. Hence, the present study aims to assess DCI in healthy community-dwelling adults residing in an affluent North Indian city and correlate with serum biochemical parameters.

Methods: Healthy men and women were recruited from the community by door-to-door surveys.

QRISK 3 and ASCVD Risk Calculator in Patients with Diabetes and Their Correlation with Coronary Artery Calcium Scores.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for asymptomatic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The QRISK 3 score and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores determine the risk of developing CVD over 10 years. The CT coronary artery calcium score (CACS) is a non-invasive imaging modality that identifies sub-clinical atherosclerosis.

Immunohistochemical Expression of HBME-1 in a Spectrum of Thyroid Neoplasms.

Introduction: Thyroid neoplasms are the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, representing 3.8% of new cancer cases, and it is the ninth most common cancer overall. The immuno-histochemical marker Hector Battifora Mesotheilial-1 (HBME-1) is a monoclonal antibody that now finds its diagnostic utility as a positive marker for well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas.

Role of Long-Acting Porcine Sequence ACTH (Acton Prolongatum) Stimulated Cortisol in Assessing Glucocorticoid Status in COVID-19 Patients.

Introduction: Conflicting research on cortisol levels and COVID-19 mortality prompted this study to comprehensively assess glucocorticoid status, its links to severity and outcomes, and the role of Acton prolongatum-stimulated cortisol.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study, conducted in 100 RT-PCR-positive COVID-19 patients of mild, moderate, and severe grades from June 2021 to May 2023. Random cortisol, plasma ACTH, and action prolongatum stimulated cortisol were measured, categorized, and analyzed.

Effectiveness of Oral Semaglutide in Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study from India.

Introduction: Oral Semaglutide (Sema-o) is the first oral glucagon like peptide-1 receptor analogue (GLP-1RA) commercially available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Sema-o in patients with T2D when added to the existing therapy.

Methods: This retrospective real-world study enrolled adult patients with diabetes taking Sema-o, with at least one follow-up (from February 2022 till October 2023).