Bimetallic Nickel-Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactions in Continuous Flow.

An efficient Suzuki cross-coupling reaction under continuous flow conditions was developed utilizing an immobilized solid supported catalyst consisting of bimetallic nickel-palladium nanoparticles (Ni-Pd/MWCNTs). In this process, the reactants can be continuously pumped into a catalyst bed at a high flow rate of 0.6 mL/min and the temperature of 130 °C while the Suzuki products are recovered in high steady-state yields for prolonged continuous processing.

Scale-Up of Nanocorundum Synthesis by Mechanochemical Dehydration of Boehmite.

This work presents the scale-up of room-temperature mechanochemical synthesis of nanocorundum (high-surface-area α-AlO) from boehmite (γ-AlOOH). This transformation on the 1 g scale using a laboratory shaker mill had previously been reported. High-energy Simoloyer ball mills equipped with milling chambers of sizes ranging from 1 to 20 L were used to scale up the mechanochemical nanocorundum synthesis to the 50 g to 1 kg scale, which paves the way to further increase batch size.

Effect of Health Education on Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Reproductive Health Among Pre-university Girls in an Urban Area.

Background: For every woman, menstruation is a natural physiological process, and the adolescence period marks the beginning of the menstruation process. Investing the right knowledge in girls at a young age directs a better future for women, children, and families, thereby leading to intergenerational impact.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of health education on reproductive health among pre-university girls in an urban area.

Evaluating the Incidence of Incidental Gallbladder Carcinoma in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrospective Analysis in North India.

Background Incidental gallbladder carcinoma (IGBC) remains a significant clinical challenge, with its diagnosis often delayed due to the asymptomatic nature of the disease and its incidental discovery post-cholecystectomy. This study's aim is to calculate incidence in a high-risk, region-specific (North Indian) population and also to provide novel insights into clinical presentation as well as macroscopic and histopathological features of IGBC. Material and methods This retrospective observational study spanned four years (August 2013 to July 2016) and included a total of 3096 cases.

Sociodemographic Factors and Awareness of Consanguineous Marriages in Rural Northern Karnataka: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Consanguineous marriages, defined as unions between closely related individuals, are influenced by a complex interplay of cultural, social, economic, religious, and demographic factors. These marriages are prevalent among communities such as Hindus, Muslims, Jews, Buddhists, Christians, and Parsis in Southern and Western Asia, with significant regional variations within India. There is a lack of appropriate decision-making among women in consanguineous unions, particularly those with a low level of educational attainment, which leads to an increase in the prevalence of consanguineous marriages.

The Outcomes of IgA Nephropathy With Nephrotic Syndrome: A Clinicopathological Study From Northern India.

Introduction Nephrotic syndrome, an unusual clinical presentation of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), occurs only in a few cases. The data regarding its clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes are lacking. Material and methods In this retrospective analysis, we reviewed kidney biopsies conducted between January 2007 and December 2018.

Determinants of Improvement in Foot Bimalleolar Angle, Pirani Score, and Recurrence in Clubfoot Patients Treated With the Ponseti Technique.

Introduction: Foot bimalleolar angle (FBM angle) and Pirani score are recognized as assessment and prognostic tools for objective assessment of clubfoot (congenital talipes equinovarus, or CTEV) treatment. The present study proposed to study various factors that determine the improvement in FBM angle and Pirani score in patients treated by the Ponseti technique.

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted after obtaining ethical clearance, and 42 children with CTEV (60 feet) were enrolled.

Integration of Three-Dimensional Scanning and Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) Technology in Routine Prosthodontic Practice: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kerala.

Background: Digital dentistry has transformed all aspects of dentistry, especially prosthodontics, and is increasingly used for diagnosis, treatment planning, execution, student training, and research. This study aimed to assess the perception, attitude, and practice of digital technology in prosthodontics among dental professionals in Kerala, India.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among dental professionals in Kerala.

Clinical and Hematological Characteristics of Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Evaluation of the Therapeutic Response to Vitamin B12 Supplementation.

Background Vitamin B12 deficiency, or cobalamin deficiency, is common among populations with low consumption of animal-based products, mainly in India, due to religious and socioeconomic factors, which significantly increase the deficiency rate. The condition has been characterized by a wide range of clinical and hematological symptoms, mainly affecting the blood and nervous system. This study aims to assess the clinical and hematological characteristics of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and assess the therapeutic response to supplementation with vitamin B12.

Optimizing Premenopausal Hormone Receptor-Positive Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Early Breast Cancer Management in India: Insights From Expert Consensus.

This research aims to optimize adjuvant ovarian function suppression (OFS) for premenopausal Indian women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) /human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) early breast cancer (eBC). To address specific challenges identified in clinical practice, a comprehensive questionnaire consisting of 21 statements was developed. These statements were reviewed and validated by a scientific committee, ensuring their accuracy and relevance to the study's objectives.

Redefining Vaginal Agenesis Management: A Comprehensive Review.

Vaginal agenesis, a rare and complex congenital anomaly predominantly linked to Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome or complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), demands innovative and highly individualized treatment strategies to achieve anatomical and functional restoration. While non-surgical options like vaginal dilation remain foundational, the advent of custom-made stents has redefined the paradigm of care, emerging as a transformative tool in both post-surgical and non-surgical management. Bridging the expertise of prosthodontics and gynecology, personalized stents not only enhance healing and maintain patency but also elevate patient comfort and compliance.

Knowledge and Awareness of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Among Dental Practitioners in Mumbai: A Questionnaire-Based Survey.

Introduction: Osteonecrosis of the jaw resulting from the adverse effects of medical treatments is known as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). The knowledge of dental professionals about this condition is crucial in addressing it on a regional and global scale. This study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of MRONJ among dental practitioners in Mumbai.

Multidisciplinary Management of Complex Trauma and Burn Injuries: A Case Series of Challenging Clinical Scenarios.

Trauma and burn injuries often present with multiple complications, necessitating a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach to management. This case series reviews the outcomes and challenges of treating high-risk trauma and burn patients, with a focus on complex polytrauma, alcohol withdrawal, high-voltage electrical injuries, and lightning strikes. Each case underscores the importance of early intervention, multidisciplinary team involvement, and individualized treatment protocols for improving patient outcomes in critically injured burn victims.

Correlation Between Serum Vitamin D and Calcium Levels and the Risk of Dental Caries in Children in Western Maharashtra, India.

Background Vitamin D and calcium are necessary for tooth health, and a lack of these can cause substantial changes. Dental caries, or tooth decay, is a common childhood illness that causes pain, difficulty chewing, and a lower quality of life. There is a scarcity of research on the correlation between vitamin D and calcium levels and dental caries risk among children in western Maharashtra.

Obturation of Simulated Internal Resorption Cavities With Four Different Techniques and a Hydraulic Root Canal Sealer: A Comparative Stereomicroscopic Evaluation.

Aim To compare the quality of obturation using WVC (warm vertical compaction), CLC (cold lateral compaction), injectable (iFill), and Thermafil (GuttaCore) techniques, along with hydraulic condensation of bioceramic (BC) sealer, and evaluating the percentage of gutta-percha (GP), sealer, and voids in simulated internal resorptive lesions, using an advanced stereomicroscope with ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). Methods and material In this study, 40 freshly extracted maxillary incisors were collected, and endodontic instrumentation was done to working length using hand K-files. Simulated internal resorption cavities were created in the middle-apical third of the roots after horizontal sectioning and were re-cemented.

Efficacy of Bacillus clausii UBBC-07 and Bacillus coagulans Unique IS-2 in Mitigating Pulmonary Parameters in Patients With Moderate COVID-19 Symptoms.

Probiotics have shown efficacy in preventing and reducing infections caused by common viruses, including rotavirus, norovirus, hepatitis, human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-arm parallel-group study was conducted on 56 patients with moderate COVID-19 symptoms. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: standard treatment combined with UBBC-07, standard treatment combined with Unique IS-2, or standard treatment with a placebo.

The Translation and Adaptation of the Labour Force Survey Disability Module (LFS-DM) Into Hindi.

Background and objective Disability assessments are crucial for identifying barriers faced by individuals with disabilities, particularly in countries like India, where disability is often underreported. The Labour Force Survey Disability Module (LFS-DM) is a widely used tool for disability assessment. It is available in English, and Indian Hindi-speaking people who are not proficient in English may face difficulties in responding to it.

An Insight into Dowry Deaths: The Untold Stigma and Torment of a Social Evil.

Background and objective The institution of marriage is an essential building block of societal structure, acting as a catalyst for joyous celebrations and fresh beginnings. Nonetheless, a persistent problem related to marriage, especially from the viewpoint of women in Indian society, is the dowry system. Despite extensive criticism and opposition, the custom remains prevalent, manifesting in subtle as well as in overt ways.

Varied Clinical Features and Outcomes of Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Retrospective Case Series.

Introduction: This study discusses the various clinical profiles, investigatory findings, treatment responses, and prognosticating factors in seven cases of autoimmune encephalitis (AE).

Methods: The clinical records of seven AE patients admitted to the Neurology Department, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, from July 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The patients' ages ranged from 18 to 35, and all experienced seizures.

Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Their Correlation With Cardiac Involvement.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by widespread immune dysregulation that affects multiple organ systems, including the skin and cardiovascular system. The crosstalk between different cell death pathways-such as apoptosis, necroptosis, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NETosis), plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of SLE, influencing both cutaneous and cardiac manifestations. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is one of the most common early signs of SLE, affecting up to 80% of patients.

Vertical Mandibular Asymmetry in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Comparative Analysis With Skeletal Class III and Class I Malocclusions.

Introduction Unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) often leads to maxillary hypoplasia and skeletal Class III malocclusion, with conflicting evidence on mandibular asymmetry. This study evaluated vertical mandibular asymmetry in UCLP patients, comparing them with non-cleft individuals having skeletal Class III and Class I malocclusions. Methods Mandibular asymmetry was evaluated using orthopantomograms (OPGs) from 90 subjects divided into three groups of 30 each: UCLP group, non-cleft skeletal Class III, and non-cleft skeletal Class I.

Evaluating the Role of Allopurinol in Mitigating Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This meta-analysis investigates the potential of allopurinol to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), a common and serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). CIN is particularly prevalent among high-risk populations, including patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS), where the administration of contrast agents can exacerbate renal injury. Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is known for its dual action in reducing oxidative stress and uric acid production, positioning it as a promising therapeutic candidate to mitigate CIN.

Assessment of the Operational Aspects of Health and Wellness Centers in Randomly Selected Blocks of Eastern India.

Introduction Launched in 2018, by the Government of India, the Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs) initiative under the Ayushman Bharat program aims to transform India's primary healthcare system. This study evaluates the functioning of Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) in random blocks of Patna, Bihar, focusing on service availability, infrastructure, manpower challenges, and overall effectiveness in meeting healthcare needs. Methodology The assessment aimed to understand the current state of functioning of 16 HWCs and identify areas for improvement through a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analysis.

Refinement of Atomic Polarizabilities for a Polarizable Gaussian Multipole Force Field with Simultaneous Considerations of Both Molecular Polarizability Tensors and In-Solution Electrostatic Potentials.

Atomic polarizabilities are considered to be fundamental parameters in polarizable molecular mechanical force fields that play pivotal roles in determining model transferability across different electrostatic environments. In an earlier work, the atomic polarizabilities were obtained by fitting them to the B3LYP/aug-cc-pvtz molecular polarizability tensors of mainly small molecules. Taking advantage of the recent PCMRESPPOL method, we refine the atomic polarizabilities for condensed-phase simulations using a polarizable Gaussian Multipole (pGM) force field.

A Qualitative Analysis of Immigrant Latinx Housecleaners' Experiences of How Power Relations With "Employers" Influence Working Conditions in New York City: The Safe and Just Cleaners Study.

Background: Housecleaning work has been characterized as precarious employment with unstable work hours, arbitrary and low pay and benefits, and exposures to chemical, physical, and psychosocial stressors. Understanding how interpersonal power dynamics between workers and clients, a component of precarious work, contributes to work exposures can inform and improve prevention programs.

Methods: We used reflexive thematic analysis of data from seven focus groups with Latinx immigrant housecleaners in New York City to explore workers' experience of interpersonal power dynamics with their clients-whom they referred to as their "employers"-and its influences on working conditions.