Virologic failure and emergent integrase strand transfer inhibitor drug resistance with long acting cabotegravir for HIV treatment: A meta-analysis.

Background: The long-acting injectable regimen of cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) emerged as an alternative to oral standard of care integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based regimens for individuals with adherence challenges or preference for reduced dosing schedules. Although oral INSTI regimens have a high barrier to emergent resistance, less is known about the potency and durability of CAB/RPV.

Methods: We reviewed clinical trial registries, PubMed, EMBASE, and conference abstract databases to identify published reports of CAB/RPV for HIV therapy.

Endoluminal Vacuum Therapy for the Management of Boerhaave Syndrome: A Case Series.

Introduction: Boerhaave syndrome is a rare condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Prompt intervention greatly improves outcomes, with surgery traditionally being the mainstay of management. Recent advances in therapeutic endoscopy have led to increasing interest in endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVT), a minimally invasive technique, allowing wound debridement and drainage, encouraging granulation tissue formation.

An ovine knee simulator: description and proof of concept.

Aims: The ovine stifle is an established model for evaluation of knee treatments, such as meniscus replacement. This study introduces a novel ovine gait simulator for pre-testing of surgical treatments prior to animal trials. Furthermore, we describe a pilot study that assessed gait kinematics and contact pressures of native ovine stifle joints and those implanted with a novel fiber-matrix reinforced polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol (PVA-PEG) hydrogel meniscus to illustrate the efficacy of the simulator.

Does the use of acellular dermal matrices (ADM) in women undergoing pre-pectoral implant-based breast reconstruction increase operative success versus non-use of ADM in the same setting? A systematic review protocol.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the UK. Following mastectomy, reconstruction is now integral to the surgical management of breast cancer, of which implant-based reconstruction (IBBR) is the most common type. IBBR initially evolved from pre-pectoral to post-pectoral due to complications, but with developments in oncoplastic techniques and new implant technology, interest in pre-pectoral IBBR has increased.

Scoping Review of Clinical Presentations and Outcomes in Patients with Concomitant COVID-19 Infection and Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia.

Objectives: COVID-19 infection confers an increased risk of coagulation dysfunction (1) predisposing to thromboembolism in many anatomical sites including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) (2). This study investigates the clinical presentation and outcome in patients presenting with concurrent COVID-19 infection and gastrointestinal tract ischaemia. Furthermore, differentiation and comparisons are drawn between those with arterial and venous aetiology for mesenteric ischaemia.

Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal hernia repair in patients with a history of previous abdominopelvic surgery.

A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair compared short- and long-term outcomes between individuals with or without history of previous abdominopelvic surgery, aiming to determine the feasibility of totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair within this population. All patients who underwent elective TEP inguinal hernia repair by one consultant surgeon across three London hospitals from January 2017 to May 2023 were retrospectively analysed to assess perioperative outcomes. Two hundred sixty-two patients were identified, of whom two hundred forty-three (93%) underwent laparoscopic TEP repair.

Artificial intelligence applied to magnetic resonance imaging reliably detects the presence, but not the location, of meniscus tears: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To review and compare the accuracy of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for the diagnosis of meniscal tears in the current literature and analyze the decision-making processes utilized by these CNN algorithms.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases up to December 2022 were searched in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Risk of analysis was used for all identified articles.

Which method for femoral component sizing when performing kinematic alignment TKA? An in silico study.

Introduction: The kinematically alignment (KA) technique for TKA aims to reproduce the pre-arthritic knee anatomy, including both the femoro-tibial and femoro-patellar joints. An in silico study was conducted to compare 3 different femoral component sizing techniques to identify the anatomical landmark which allows closest restoration of the native trochlear anatomy. Our study's question was: what was the best method for sizing the femoral component when performing KA-TKA? It was hypothesized that sizing the femoral component by aiming to restore the groove height would be the best method to restore the native trochlear anatomy.

Are isolated ocular motor nerve palsies in the elderly truly 'low risk' for abnormal neuro-imaging outcomes?

Background: Neurologically isolated ocular motor nerve palsies often present a management dilemma. Neuroimaging is more likely to be offered to patients <50 years without coexisting ischaemic risk factors as their risk of sinister underlying causes is thought to be higher. However, populations are rapidly ageing and advanced neuroimaging is now more widely available.

Patient-reported Outcome Measures in Ileoanal Pouch Surgery: a Systematic Review.

Objective: To summarise frequency, type, and heterogeneity of patient-reported outcomes measures [PROMs] in papers reporting on outcomes after ileal pouch anal anastomosis [IPAA].

Background: Prevalence of ulcerative colitis [UC] has risen in Western countries, and one in three patients requires surgery. IPAA is a frequently performed procedure for UC, and a lack of standardisation is manifest in reporting outcomes for inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] despite the clear need for inclusion of PROMs as primary outcomes in IBD trials.