A cost-utility analysis of decompressive hemicraniectomy versus medical treatment in the management of space-occupying brain oedema post middle cerebral artery infarction.

Background And Purpose: Data from randomly controlled trials have indicated that a decompressive hemicraniectomy is more clinically effective than medical treatment in the management of space-occupying brain oedema post middle cerebral artery infarction. This economic evaluation compares the impact of the two options in the UK. No recent study has conducted an economic evaluation on this topic for the UK.

Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome: A Single-Center Experience with 23 Patients.

Background: Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare entity that occurs when the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm is low-lying, causing a compression to the underlying celiac trunk. We reviewed the vascular changes associated with MALS in an effort to emphasize the seriousness of this disease and the complications that may result.

Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive analysis of 23 consecutive patients diagnosed with MALS between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2015 at a tertiary medical center.

Morphological variability of the arterial valve in common arterial trunk and the concept of normality.

Objective: Until now, no study established a morphometric evaluation of the truncal valve dysplasia and a description of its different presentation patterns. Thus, authors conducted an anatomopathological study describing the gross features and histological findings of the truncal valve.

Methods: 50 common arterial trunk (CAT) specimens were examined.

Geographical variation in glaucoma prescribing trends in England 2008-2012: an observational ecological study.

Objectives: To explore (1) the national trend in population-adjusted prescription rates for glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT) in England and (2) any geographical variation in glaucoma/OHT prescribing trends and its association with established risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) at the population level.

Design: Observational ecological study.

Setting: Primary care in England 2008-2012.

Cathepsin K Contributes to Cavitation and Collagen Turnover in Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Cavitation in tuberculosis enables highly efficient person-to-person aerosol transmission. We performed transcriptomics in the rabbit cavitary tuberculosis model. Among 17 318 transcripts, we identified 22 upregulated proteases.

Revised Baux Score and updated Charlson comorbidity index are independently associated with mortality in burns intensive care patients.

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to utilise established scoring systems to analyse the association of (i) burn injury severity, (ii) comorbid status and (iii) associated systemic physiological disturbance with inpatient mortality in patients with severe burn injuries admitted to intensive care.

Methods: Case notes of all patients with acute thermal injuries affecting ≥15% total body surface area (TBSA) admitted to the Burns Intensive Care Unit (BICU) at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital during a 10-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Revised Baux Score, Belgian Outcome in Burn Injury (BOBI) Score, Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI), APACHE II Score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score and Updated Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were computed for each patient and analysed for association with inpatient mortality.

Filiform Polyposis Secondary to Colonic Tuberculosis Presenting as Acute Colo-Colonic Intussusception.

Filiform polyposis represents a rare but recognised manifestation on the varied spectrum of histopathology in colonic tuberculosis. We report a case of filiform polyposis secondary to colonic tuberculosis presenting as colo-colonic intussusception diagnosed on an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. The patient required urgent hemicolectomy and defunctioning ileostomy.

Temporal lobe cortical pathology and inhibitory GABA interneuron cell loss are associated with seizures in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Seizures are recognised in multiple sclerosis (MS), but their true incidence and the mechanism by which they are associated with MS is unclear.

Objective: The objective of this paper is to determine the lifetime frequency of seizures in the United Kingdom MS Tissue Bank (UKMSTB) population and any pathological features associated with seizures.

Methods: We evaluated 255 individuals from the UKMSTB.

Preclinical evaluation of 3-18F-fluoro-2,2-dimethylpropionic acid as an imaging agent for tumor detection.

Unlabelled: Deregulated cellular metabolism is a hallmark of many cancers. In addition to increased glycolytic flux, exploited for cancer imaging with (18)F-FDG, tumor cells display aberrant lipid metabolism. Pivalic acid is a short-chain, branched carboxylic acid used to increase oral bioavailability of prodrugs.