Modulation of and Pathways by Hookah Smoke: Implications for Male Reproductive Health.

Antioxidants act by preventing excessive oxidative stress within the developing sperm cells. Hookah smoking has been implicated in inducing oxidative stress which may be a risk factor for male infertility. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by evaluating the effect of hookah smoking on sperm quality and the expression of () and 1 () genes which are involved in antioxidant response.

T Cells Induce Prolonged Downregulation of Barrier Molecules in a Mouse Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis.

Background: Dysfunction of the skin barrier is regarded as a key event in the initiation and progression of inflammatory skin diseases. In many cases of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), epidermal-resident memory CD8 T (T) cells play a central role in the immune response to contact allergens. However, if and how allergen-specific CD8 T cells affect the expression of skin barrier molecules is not known.

Guidelines for preparation and flow cytometry analysis of human nonlymphoid tissue DC.

This article is part of the Dendritic Cell Guidelines article series, which provides a collection of state-of-the-art protocols for the preparation, phenotype analysis by flow cytometry, generation, fluorescence microscopy, and functional characterization of mouse and human dendritic cells (DC) from lymphoid organs, and various nonlymphoid tissues. Within this article, detailed protocols are presented that allow for the generation of single-cell suspensions from human nonlymphoid tissues including lung, skin, gingiva, intestine as well as from tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes with a subsequent analysis of dendritic cells by flow cytometry. Further, prepared single-cell suspensions can be subjected to other applications including cellular enrichment procedures, RNA sequencing, functional assays, etc.

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) treatment increases the expression of inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules in monocyte-derived dendritic cells.

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) has disparate impacts on immune responses by divergent receptors on cells including DCs. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of AVP on the maturation and expression of the inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules in tolerogenic monocyte-derived DCs. CD14 marker was used to separate monocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by MACS method.

Combination Effect of Phenylalanine-Arginine-Beta-Naphthylamide and Curcumin on the Expression of the Gene in Aminoglycoside-Resistant Clinical Isolates of .

Background And Aims: Overexpression of MexXY-OprM efflux pump causes resistance to aminoglycosides in . We aimed to investigate the relationship between resistance to aminoglycosides and the MexXY-OprM expression level in clinical isolates without and after treatment with curcumin and/or phenylalanine-arginine-beta-naphthylamide (PAβN) as the efflux pump inhibitors.

Methods: We collected 100 clinical isolates from hospitalized patients.

Purinergic signaling by TCRαβ double-negative T regulatory cells ameliorates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is an important cause of liver injury following liver transplantation and major resections, and neutrophils are the key effector cells in HIRI. Double-negative T regulatory cells (DNT) are increasingly recognized as having critical regulatory functions in the immune system. Whether DNT expresses distinct immunoregulatory mechanisms to modulate neutrophils, as in HIRI, remains largely unknown.

Cyclosporine and fedratinib combination therapy via modulating Th17/Treg balance in Rat model of membranous glomerulonephritis.

A progressive kidney disease associated with inflammation and the immune system is called membrane glomerulonephritis (MGN). The present study investigatedthe combination of cyclosporine and fedratinib on Th17/regulatory T cells (Tregs) in rat models of MGN. Rats were given several doses of anti-Fx1A to induce MGN, and the resultant five groups of rats were fedratinib-cyclosporin receiving PHN rats, fedratinib, cyclosporin, and healthy rats.

The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid autoimmune disorders in southeast Iran: A case-control study.

To better understand the role of thyroid hormones in regulating the growth of breast epithelial cells and the estrogen-like effects of these hormones, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between breast cancer and thyroid autoimmune disorders in southeast Iran women. In this case-control study, in the case group, all newly diagnosed breast cancer pa-tients referred to the oncology clinics in Zahedan city in years 2021‒2022 were studied. The num-ber of participants in each group was represented by 40 breast cancer patients.

increases HSV-2 infection by decreasing vaginal barrier integrity and increasing inflammation .

Introduction: Clinically, a dysbiotic vaginal microbiota (VMB) colonized with anaerobic species such as has been linked to increased susceptibility to viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2). The mechanism is poorly understood due to the lack of small animal models.

Methods: Mice were inoculated with 10 CFU of the eubiotic bacteria , the dysbiotic bacteria , or PBS as a negative control every 48 h for ten days.

Autologous Serum Therapy in Recalcitrant Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Experience from Three Dermatology Clinics in Malaysia.

Autohemotherapy is a commonly used treatment for recalcitrant chronic urticaria in some countries. Herein we report our experience using autologous serum therapy in eight patients with recalcitrant chronic spontaneous urticaria. Autologous serum therapy was initiated weekly for nine weeks followed by every fortnightly.

Unique Pathological Findings of Polarized Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Spondylodiscitis of an ESRD Hemodialysis Patient: A Case Report.

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing chronic hemodialysis are at an increased risk of developing spondylodiscitis, an infectious condition affecting the vertebral column. In this case report, we present a 22-year-old male with ESRD, a history of hyperoxaluria, nephrolithiasis, and anemia, who developed spondylodiscitis. Notably, pathological examination of tissue samples obtained during surgical intervention revealed the presence of polarized calcium oxalate crystals within the lumbar laminae and spinal discs, a rare finding in this clinical context.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis links hidradenitis suppurativa to common and rare sequence variants causing disruption of the Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.

Background: The contributions of genetic and environmental risk factors to hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are both poorly understood.

Objective: To identify sequence variants that associate with HS and determine the contribution of environmental risk factors and inflammatory diseases to HS pathogenesis.

Methods: A genome-wide association meta-analysis of 4814 HS cases (Denmark: 1977; Iceland: 1266; Finland: 800; UK: 569; and US: 202) and 1.

The significance of exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the metastasis of colorectal cancer and development of therapy resistance.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a common type of carcinoma with significant mortality rates globally. A primary factor contributing to the unfavorable treatment outcomes and reduced survival rates in CRC patients is the occurrence of metastasis. Various intricate molecular mechanisms are implicated in the metastatic process, leading to mortality among individuals with CRC.

Alterations in the expression of serum-derived exosome-enclosed inflammatory microRNAs in Covid-19 patients.

Introduction: MicroRNAs in exosomes play a role in biological processes such as inflammation and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In EMT, epithelial cells undergo phenotypic changes and become similar to mesenchymal cells. EMT increases the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.

Microbiota transplantation.

Microbiota refers to a collection of living microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts, and viruses, that coexist in various sites of the human body. Microbiota can perform multiple functions in the body, which have an essential effect on human health and homeostasis. For example, the microbiota can digest polysaccharides, produce vitamins, modulate the immune system, and protect the body against pathogens.

Association between , , , and gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk.

Aim: In this study, we examined the polymorphisms of (rs13252298, rs1456315), (rs4848320) (rs7158663), (rs7853346) genes in BC patients and compared it with healthy individuals in an Iranian population.

Method: The assessment of genetic polymorphisms was conducted using PCR - RFLP and PCR-Tetra ARMS methods.

Results & Conclusion: The results showed that Codominant, Dominant and G allele of rs13252298 polymorphism and Dominant of rs1456315 polymorphism are correlated with increased risk of BC.

Serum Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide an outline of available data on the association between serum vitamin D levels and vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and to determine the possible relationship in children.

Methods: Systematic research on all articles published until July 2023 was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Embase. All observational-analytical studies that measured vitamin D levels in patients with VKC were included.

Novel bioinformatic approaches show the role of driver genes in the progression of cervical cancer: An in-silico study.

Background: The goal of this bioinformatics research is to get a comprehensive understanding of the driver genes and their function in the development, progression, and treatment of cervical cancer. This study constitutes a pioneering attempt, adding to our knowledge of genetic diversity and its ramifications.

Material And Methods: In this project, we use bioinformatics and systems biology methods to identify candidate transcription factors and the genes they regulate in order to identify microRNAs and LncRNAs that regulate these transcription factors and lead to the discovery of new medicines for the treatment of cervical cancer.

Flavonoids and the gut microbiome: a powerful duo for brain health.

Flavonoids, a class of polyphenolic compounds, are widely distributed in plant-based foods and have been recognized for their potential to promote overall health and well-being. Flavonoids in fruits and vegetables offer various beneficial effects such as anti-aging, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Flavonoids have been extensively studied for their neuroprotective properties, which are attributed to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and interact with neural cells.

Assessment of immunogenicity and protective efficiency of multi-epitope antigen-loaded in mannan decorated PLGA nanoparticles against tuberculosis.

The antigen-targeting to dendritic cells (DCs) has gained increasing attention as the potential approach for immunotherapy in recent years due to the ability of DCs to regulate innate and adaptive immunity. In the present study, the immunogenicity and protective efficiency of mannan-decorated PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with multi-epitopes mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen (HspX-Ppe44-EsxV) were evaluated as a targeted delivery system to DCs. For this purpose, PLGA nanoparticle formulations were prepared and subsequently decorated by mannan.

Effects of probiotics on clinical manifestations and inflammatory markers in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: A triple blind randomized, placebo controlled trial.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), leads to adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) in a minority of infected individuals. The virus promotes inflammation, a major factor in chronic disease progression. Probiotics' immune modulation and anti-inflammatory effects present a potential therapeutic intervention for HTLV-1-related conditions.

The Association Between the C-Reactive Protein Gene Variants rs1130864 and rs2794521 and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Iranian Kurdish Population.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a widespread multifactorial disorder that raises the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between the risk of OSA and two C-reactive protein (CRP) gene variants, rs1130864 and rs2794521. In this study, 100 patients and 100 controls participated.