Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: Unveiling the Power of CAR T-cell Therapy.

Cancer is a significant health challenge worldwide, causing social and economic burdens. Despite advancements in medicine, it remains a leading cause of death and is projected to increase by 2040. While conventional treatments like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy are effective, they often have severe side effects.

A1, an innovative fluorinated CXCR4 inhibitor, redefines the therapeutic landscape in colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a globally prevalent malignancy, primarily affecting the colon and rectum, characterized by uncontrolled cellular changes in the intestinal wall lining. Recent evidence underlines the significant role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in the development of CRC, suggesting that inhibiting this pathway could be a promising therapeutic approach. This study focuses on investigating the potential of N, N''-thiocarbonylbis (N'-(3,4-dimethyl phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidamide) (A1), a novel fluorinated CXCR4 inhibitor, through a comprehensive analysis encompassing in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies.

Integrating Ultrabright Polymer Dots and Stereo NIR-II Imager for Assessing Anti-Angiogenic Drugs in Oral Cancer Model.

The development of efficient platforms for the evaluation of anti-angiogenic agents is critical in advancing cancer therapeutics. In this study, we exploited an ultrabright semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) integrating with a three-dimensional (3D) near-infrared-II (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging system designed to assess the efficacy of potent anti-angiogenic agents PX-478 and BPR0C261 in an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumour model, which depends on angiogenesis for dissemination. PX-478, a hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) inhibitor, and BPR0C261, a microtubule-disrupting agent, were administrated into tumour-bearing mice established using murine MTCQ1 tongue cancer cells through intraperitoneal injection and oral gavage, respectively.

Advancements in colorectal cancer immunotherapy: from CAR-T cells to exosome-based therapies.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a major worldwide health issue, with elevated death rates linked to late stages of the illness. Immunotherapy has made significant progress in developing effective techniques to improve the immune system's capacity to identify and eradicate cancerous cells. This study examines the most recent advancements in CAR-T cell treatment and exosome-based immunotherapy for CRC.

Transcriptomic predictors of rapid progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains an unmet need. Thus, identifying patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who are at high-risk of progressing to AD is crucial for early intervention.

Methods: Blood-based transcriptomics analyses were performed using a longitudinal study cohort to compare progressive MCI (P-MCI, n = 28), stable MCI (S-MCI, n = 39), and AD patients (n = 49).

Clinical implications of human Parvovirus B19 infection on autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases.

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a human pathogen from the Parvoviridae family that primarily targets and replicates in erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs). While its symptoms are typically self-limiting in healthy individuals, B19V can cause or exacerbate autoimmune diseases in vulnerable patients. This review integrates the involvement of B19V in the development and worsening of several autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), hematological disorders (thalassemia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia), vasculitis, antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), dermatological disease (systemic sclerosis, psoriasis), autoimmune thyroid disease, myocarditis, and myasthenia gravis, and autoinflammatory disease of adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD).

Simultaneous blockade of the CD73/EGFR axis inhibits tumor growth.

Targeting the influencing factors in tumor growth and expansion in the tumor microenvironment is one of the key approaches to cancer immunotherapy. Various factors in the tumor microenvironment can in cooperation stimulate tumor growth, suppress anti-tumor immune responses, promote drug resistance, and ultimately enhance tumor recurrence. Therefore, due to the dependence and close cooperation of these axes, their combined targeting can have a greater effect compared to their individual targeting.

How necessary it is to perform a ventilation scan in patients with a history of COVID-19 to rule out pulmonary thromboembolism?

Objectives: This study evaluated the necessity of a ventilation scan in patients suspected of PE with a history of COVID-19 infection.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and suspected PE at a tertiary care hospital in 2020. They underwent ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy using single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and CT scans with or without contrast.

CD36-mediated uptake of oxidized LDL induces double-negative regulatory T cell ferroptosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background: Metabolic alterations have been shown to instigate liver inflammation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the underlying mechanism is not fully elucidated. During MASLD progression, intrahepatic CD3TCRαβCD4CD8 double negative T regulatory cells (DNT) decrease cell survival and immunosuppressive function, leading to aggravated liver inflammation. In this study, we aim to reveal the underlying mechanisms that cause changes in DNT during MASLD progression.

Recent progress in prompt molecular detection of liquid biopsy using Cas enzymes: innovative approaches for cancer diagnosis and analysis.

Creating fast, non-invasive, precise, and specific diagnostic tests is crucial for enhancing cancer treatment outcomes. Among diagnostic methods, those relying on nucleic acid detection are highly sensitive and specific. Recent developments in diagnostic technologies, particularly those leveraging Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), are revolutionizing cancer detection, providing accurate and timely results.

Serum vitamin D levels and their correlation with pro-inflammatory prostaglandins in Acute myeloid leukemia: a cross-sectional analysis.

Background This study investigated the association between prostaglandins, vitamin D levels, and their potential role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Previous research has shown prostaglandins' stimulatory effects and vitamin D's inhibitory effects in various malignancies. Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated 54 AML patients at Shahid Ghazi Center of Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced severe epidermal necrolysis mediated by macrophage-derived CXCL10 and abated by TNF blockade.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) represent new anticancer agents and have been used worldwide. However, ICI can potentially induce life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR), such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), hindering continuous ICI therapy. We examine 6 cohorts including 25 ICI-induced SJS/TEN patients and conduct single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis, which shows overexpression of macrophage-derived CXCL10 that recruits CXCR3 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in blister cells from ICI-SJS/TEN skin lesions.

CLEC12B Regulates Melanocyte Immunity and Homeostasis in the Skin through the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1/IRF1 Axis.

CLEC12B is a C-type lectin receptor involved in the inhibition of NKs-mediated cytotoxicity. We have previously shown that CLEC12B is predominantly expressed on melanocytes and inhibits melanin production and pigmentation as well as proliferation of melanoma. To date, the role of CLEC12B in skin immunity is unknown.

Botox-A induced apoptosis and suppressed cell proliferation in fibroblasts pre-treated with breast cancer exosomes.

Background: breast cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) is linked to metastasis and is poor for breast cancer prognosis. Since Clostridium Toxin A (Botox-A) had represented a cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts, this study aims to assess Botox-A cytotoxicity in both normal fibroblasts and exosome-induced CAFs.

Material And Method: the serum exosomes of 40 BC patients and 30 healthy individuals were isolated and lncRNA H19 (lnch19) levels were assessed by qRT-PCR method.

Crocin as a potential therapeutic agent for multiple sclerosis: insights from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model in mice.

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent autoimmune disorder characterized by neuroinflammation and demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS), leading to neurological dysfunction. Despite advances in treatment, there remains an unmet need for safe and effective therapies. Crocin, a bioactive constituent of saffron, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties in various disease models.

Exosome-driven nano-immunotherapy: revolutionizing colorectal cancer treatment.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common cancer worldwide and remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic approaches beyond conventional treatment modalities. Conventional therapies, such as radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, are hindered by challenges like imprecise targeting, substantial toxicity, and the development of resistance. Exosome-driven nano-immunotherapy has emerged as a groundbreaking approach that leverages the natural properties of exosomes-cell-derived vesicles known for their role in intercellular communication-to deliver therapeutic agents with high precision and specificity.

Elevated cell-free hemoglobin: A novel early biomarker following traumatic injury.

Background: Cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) and free heme are potent mediators of endotheliopathy and organ injury in sepsis, but their roles in other hemolytic pathologies are not well-defined. A prime example is trauma where early hemolysis may initiate damage and predict outcome. Here, we investigated the presence of plasma CFH, heme, and their major scavengers after traumatic injury.

Vagus nerve stimulation and gut microbiota interactions: A novel therapeutic avenue for neuropsychiatric disorders.

The rising prevalence of treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric disorders underscores the need for innovative and effective treatment strategies. The gut microbiota (GM) plays a pivotal role in the progression of these diseases, influencing the brain and mental health through the gut-brain axis (GBA). The vagus nerve plays a significant role in the GBA, making it a key area of focus for potential novel therapeutic interventions.

Cross-disease modeling of peripheral blood identifies biomarkers of type 2 diabetes predictive of Alzheimer's disease.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite multiple studies reporting this connection, the mechanism by which T2D exacerbates AD is poorly understood. It is challenging to design studies that address co-occurring and comorbid diseases, limiting the number of existing evidence bases.

The role of inflammasome dysregulation in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia: a comparative molecular analysis of blood, tissue, and seminal plasma.

Background: To address knowledge gaps, this study aimed to investigate the involvement of inflammasomes in the etiology of azoospermia. This study focused on the gene expression of key inflammasome components, including , and .

Methods: We analyzed gene expression in blood and testicular tissue from patients with obstructive azoospermia (OA) and non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA).

Traumatic brain Injury: Comprehensive overview from pathophysiology to Mesenchymal stem Cell-Based therapies.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disastrous phenomenon which is considered to cause high mortality and morbidity rate. Regarding the importance of TBI due to its prevalence and its effects on the brain and other organs, finding new therapeutic methods and improvement of conventional therapies seems to be vital. TBI involves a complex physiological mechanism, with inflammation being a key component among various contributing factors.