Targeting GSK-3β for adipose dysfunction and cardiovascular complications of metabolic disease: An entangled WNT/β-catenin question.

Individuals with metabolic syndrome have a high risk of developing cardiovascular disorders that is closely tied to visceral adipose tissue dysfunction, as well as an altered interaction between adipose tissue and the cardiovascular system. In metabolic syndrome, adipose tissue dysfunction is associated with increased hypertrophy, reduced vascularization, and hypoxia of adipocytes, leading to a pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory environment. Among the pathways regulating adipose tissue homeostasis is the wingless-type mammary tumor virus integration site family (Wnt) signaling pathway, with both its canonical and non-canonical arms.

Ganglion cysts of the wrist: A bibliometric analysis review of the top 50 highly cited publications.

Introduction: Ganglion cysts (GCs) are a form of benign soft tissue mass commonly seen on the dorsum of the wrist that could also form in the hand. They can cause pain and impede physical activities. Despite extensive studies, there has not been a thorough analysis of the top 50 GC articles.

Molecular physiology unlocks the mystery that relates cognitive impairment with the retina in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders: a perspective review.

Schizophrenia and Autism spectrum disorders (SSD and ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders involving cognitive impairment. Timely diagnosis is important for early intervention; currently, no tools are available to help with early diagnosis. Molecular biomarkers of cognitive impairment have been extensively studied, but clinical correlation is crucial in screening for cognitive impairment in SSD and ASD.

Assessment of Health Science Students' Knowledge of Ocular Chemical Injuries and Proper Immediate Action: A Cross-Sectional Study at King Khalid University.

Introduction Chemical injuries are considered to be one of the true ocular emergencies that require years of visual rehabilitation in addition to immediate medical intervention to maintain eyesight. Thus, it is imperative that medical professionals and the general public are both aware of the damage and how to treat it. Objective The current study's objectives were to determine what influences students' understanding of ocular first aid in trauma scenarios and to evaluate the degree of knowledge among health university students at King Khalid University.

Comparative Analysis of Lifestyle Practices Between Diabetic Patients and Healthy Non-diabetic Individuals in the Saudi Population.

Background: The burden of diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia is considerable, with high prevalence rates affecting the population's health and healthcare resources. This situation necessitates attention from healthcare policymakers. The study aims to compare lifestyle practices between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals in Saudi Arabia to inform targeted health interventions.

The Impact of an Educational Program on the Awareness and Knowledge of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine Among Secondary School Girls in Saudi Arabia.

Background:  The objectives were to assess the effectiveness of the educational program in enhancing students' understanding of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, correcting misconceptions, and increasing overall awareness. Additionally, the study aimed to identify factors influencing knowledge improvement and willingness to be vaccinated against HPV, including prior knowledge, information sources, session attendance, and school type.

Methods: In this study, 148 participants were enrolled from secondary schools in Saudi Arabia, and data were collected through pre- and post-educational session assessments, logistic regression analyses, and qualitative investigations.

Patient satisfaction following treatment with micro-focused ultrasound with visualization: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: There has been increased public interest in noninvasive skin tightening procedures that produce the best possible cosmetic outcomes. Micro-focused ultrasound with visualization (MFU-V) is a secure, efficient method of treating skin laxity approved by the FDA. Few studies have assessed patient satisfaction following MFU-V.

Feasibility of laparoscopic adrenalectomy in adrenal masses greater than 5 centimeters: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) has emerged as the primary treatment for adrenal masses. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed LA's feasibility, safety, effectiveness, and complications for adrenal masses exceeding 5 cm.

Methods: The study was conducted using PRISMA guidelines with PROSPERO registration No.

Risk factors for corneal graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty for keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between donor-related factors and the risk of rejection in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) for keratoconus.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of keratoconus patients with no corneal neovascularization who underwent PKP from November 2014 to December 2016 and completed at least two years of follow-up. Preoperative, donor, operative, and postoperative data were collected and analyzed to identify factors leading to corneal graft rejection.

Tranexamic acid as a therapeutic option for melasma management: meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) in treating melasma through a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The study focused on identifying associated adverse effects and comparing TXA's effectiveness with other melasma treatments. Following PROSPERO and PRISMA guidelines, an extensive electronic search was conducted across four databases for RCTs on TXA use in melasma.

Assessment of Public Awareness and Practices Regarding Tinea Pedis Among the Saudi Arabian Population.

Background: Tinea pedis, commonly known as athlete's foot, is a fungal infection affecting the skin of the feet, primarily between the toes. Despite being a common condition, there may be gaps in knowledge and practices regarding its transmission, risk factors, and treatment options among the general population.

Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional research design.

Effect of Slow Maxillary Expansion and Alternative Rapid Maxillary Expansion Protocols on Airway Volume in Cleft Palate Cases: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Based Study.

A total of 22 patients with cleft palate aged 8 to 12 years were selected and categorized into two groups: the first group was treated with alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) using an expander with differential opening (EDO) and facemask, while the second group was treated using slow maxillary expansion (SME) using an EDO. Finally, the pharyngeal airway volume in the two groups was compared using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT scans were performed before expansion and six months following the expansion.

Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis reveals functionally relevant biomarkers of early brain development and their regulatory footprints in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).

The complicated process of neuronal development is initiated early in life, with the genetic mechanisms governing this process yet to be fully elucidated. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a potent instrument for pinpointing biomarkers that exhibit differential expression across various cell types and developmental stages. By employing scRNA-seq on human embryonic stem cells, we aim to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) crucial for early-stage neuronal development.

COVID-19 and Its Impact on Back Pain in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Background Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal condition that affects individuals worldwide, causing difficulties in daily tasks and social interactions. It can be categorized based on chronicity, with acute, subacute, and chronic forms. The causes of backache vary among patients and can include inflammatory conditions, radiculopathy, pregnancy, trauma, osteoporosis, nerve root compression, cancer, plexopathy, infection, and other spinal diseases.

Predicting COVID-19 outcomes with the Edmonton Obesity Staging System.

Background: Multiple studies have demonstrated a correlation between a high body mass index and discriminatory COVID-19 outcomes. Studies appear to indicate that there is a correlation between obesity-related comorbidities and less favorable outcomes.

Objectives: The primary aim of the current investigation is to conduct a thorough assessment of the correlation between BMI and comorbidities associated with obesity, and their potential impact on the severity and consequences of COVID-19 infection among patients receiving care in a tertiary healthcare setting.

Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills (AKAS) of Telemedicine and Its Use by Primary Healthcare Providers.

Background: This study aimed to determine the rate of telemedicine (TM) use and the levels of awareness, knowledge, attitude, and skills of TM among primary healthcare (PHC) providers.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 104 PHC providers were subjected to a validated AKAS scale via Survey Monkey. The tool consists of 4 parameters that users can respond to using a 4-point Likert scale to assess their awareness (12 statements), knowledge (11 statements), attitude (11 statements), and skills (13 statements) on TM.

Immunohistochemical expression of vimentin, E-cadherin, and CD45 in natural cases of canine cutaneous round tumors.

Round cell tumors are common cutaneous lesions in dogs, with increased occurrence percentages among different skin tumors. This study aimed to investigate the frequency as well as gross and pathological characteristics of round cell tumors in natural cases of tumorous dogs in relation to breed, sex, and age. Moreover, it aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of a panel of immunohistochemical stains, including vimentin, E-cadherin, and cluster of differentiation (CD45) as an adjunct technique for the differential diagnosis of cutaneous round cell neoplasm.

Carbon supported ternary layered double hydroxide nanocomposite for Fluoxetine removal and subsequent utilization of spent adsorbent as antidepressant.

Fluoxetine (FLX) is one of the most persistent pharmaceuticals found in wastewater due to increased use of antidepressant drugs in recent decades. In this study, a nanocomposite of ternary ZnCoAl layered double hydroxide supported on activated carbon (LAC) was used as an adsorbent for FLX in wastewater effluents. The nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and surface area analysis (BET).

Attitude, Practices, and Barriers to Menopausal Hormone Therapy Among Physicians in Saudi Arabia.

Background: To guarantee the delivery of thorough and scientifically supported menopausal care, it is imperative to allocate resources towards ongoing education and training for physicians. Therefore, it is essential to assess the attitudes, practices, and obstacles faced by physicians in Saudi Arabia when it comes to menopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Method: An online survey was conducted from June to September 2023 to investigate the attitudes, practices, and barriers of physicians in Saudi Arabia, regarding menopausal HRT.