HS releasing Sodium sulfide protects from acute stress-induced hypertension by increasing the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase enzyme.

Acute stress is a feature of our daily events that affects cardiovascular system and predisposes to hypertension. HS is now considered as a vasorelaxant gasotransmitter although it was considered as a toxic agent. In present work we studied the effect of HS releasing NaS in acute stress induced hypertension and cardiac damage.

Five-year resistance trends in pathogens causing healthcare-associated infections at a multi-hospital healthcare system in Saudi Arabia, 2015-2019.

Objectives: Awareness of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in a given healthcare setting is important to inform the selection of appropriate antimicrobial therapy to reduce the further rise and spread of AMR as well as the rate of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. We aimed to describe resistance patterns to several antimicrobial agents in pathogens causing HAIs isolated from patients using data gathered at three private tertiary-care hospitals in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Data on trends in AMR among bacteria causing HAIs and MDR events in children and adults at three private hospitals were collected retrospectively (2015-2019) using surveillance data.

Shearwave elastography of the Sartorius muscle.

The aim of the study was to study sonoelastographic features of thesartorius muscle, and its relation to the demographic factors.The study included 70 muscles in 35 healthy subjects. High-resolution ultrasound and shearwave elastography were used to evaluate the sartorius muscle.

Sero-prevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women attending an ante-natal clinic at a teaching hospital in Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a zoonotic infection that may be transmitted to human beings either by consumption of raw or uncooked meat or by ingesting oocysts. Toxoplasma organisms can cross blood placenta barrier and may result in congenital toxoplasmosis.

Mean glycosylated hemoglobin in children with type 1 diabetes at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is the third most common chronic disease among teenagers. In Saudi Arabia, there is a gap of knowledge regarding hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) concentration levels, and adherence to regular follow-up visits by patients. The aim of this study was to determine the mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in diabetic children who have been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and were being followed up at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread globally with significantly high morbidity and mortality rates. Antigen-specific responses are of unquestionable value for clinical management of COVID-19 patients. Here, we investigated the kinetics of IgM, IgG against the spike (S) and nucleoproteins (N) proteins and their neutralizing capabilities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different disease presentations (i.

Multiobjective Optimization of Fabrication Parameters of Jute Fiber/Polyester Composites with Egg Shell Powder and Nanoclay Filler.

In the present study, a model is presented to optimize the fabrication parameters of natural fiber reinforced polyester matrix composites with dual fillers. In particular, jute fiber mat was chosen as reinforcement and eggshell powder (ESP) and montmorillonite nanoclay (NC) were selected as fillers. The weight per square meter (GSM) of the fiber, the weight percentage of ESP and NC have been chosen as independent variables and the influence of these variables on tensile, flexural and impact strength of the composite has been inspected.

Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy: Indications, Diagnostic Yield and Complications.

Objective Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) has become an essential procedure for diagnosing and managing various respiratory conditions. We aimed to assess the main indications, diagnostic yield, and safety of FFB in our institute. Methods A total of 216 patients who underwent FFB between July 2009 and June 2012 at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, were reviewed retrospectively.

Therapeutic use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 and other viral infections: A narrative review.

The rapidly spreading Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), represents an unprecedented serious challenge to the global public health community. The extremely rapid international spread of the disease with significant morbidity and mortality made finding possible therapeutic interventions a global priority. While approved specific antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 are still lacking, a large number of existing drugs are being explored as a possible treatment for COVID-19 infected patients.

Chemical fingerprinting and quantitative monitoring of the doping drugs bambuterol and terbutaline in human urine samples using ATR-FTIR coupled with a PLSR chemometric tool.

The use of performance-enhancing drugs is prohibited in sports competitions according to the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) regulations. Here, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with a partial least squares regression (PLSR) chemometric tool was used for the detection of the misuse of such substances. Bambuterol and its metabolite terbutaline have been included in the list of prohibited doping agents.

Women's leadership in academic medicine: a systematic review of extent, condition and interventions.

Objectives: Because culture reflects leadership, the making of diverse and inclusive medical schools begins with diversity among leaders. The inclusion of women leaders remains elusive, warranting a systematic exploration of scholarship in this area. We ask: (1) What is the extent of women's leadership in academic medicine? (2) What factors influence women's leadership? (3) What is the impact of leadership development programmes?

Design: Systematic review.

Toll-like receptor 6 expression, sequence variants, and their association with colorectal cancer risk.

This is the first study to examine the potential correlation of the rs3796508 and rs5743810 SNPs of the TLR6 gene in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in a subset of the Saudi population. TLR6 gene expression was studied by real-time PCR assaysin 10 matching normal and cancer colon tissues. TLR6 expression at the protein level was determined by immunohistochemistry.

Adult Living Donor Liver Re-Transplant Following Late Pediatric Liver Transplant Failure: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Re-transplant of a late failing living donor liver graft using another graft from another living donor is a rare occurrence and is associated with high mortality due to the complexity of the procedure. There are only a few such case series reported in the literature, mainly from South Asia and Japan, where living donor liver transplant is commonly performed, and there are no such reports from Western countries. CASE REPORT This is a case of living donor liver re-transplant for a 28-year-old recipient whose graft failed 14 years after his primary living donor transplant for primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Depression Among First- and Fifth-Year Medical Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Depression, which is characterized by persistent sadness, is a highly prevalent and serious medical disease that affects more than 300 million individuals worldwide. It is hypothesized that the onset of depressive symptoms in medical students occurs due to prolonged exposure to the stressful environment of medical colleges. Hence, we aimed to determine the presence of depressive symptoms and compare the level of depression between the first-year and fifth-year medical students in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia.

Coffee and tea drinking in relation to the risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

Purpose: Coffee and tea constituents have shown several anti-carcinogenic activities in cellular and animal studies, including against thyroid cancer (TC). However, epidemiological evidence is still limited and inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to investigate this association in a large prospective study.

Correlation between obesity and sleep disturbance in Saudi medical students.

[Purpose] The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between sleep duration, quality and obesity in the medical students of Saudi population. [Subjects and Methods] This is a cross-sectional study carried out in 408 medical students from King Khalid University Hospitals, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, based on well-designed questionnaire study and consent form. [Results] The results of this study revealed 39.