Drug Repurposing for Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Review.

Cancer ranks among the primary contributors to global mortality. In 2022, the global incidence of new cancer cases reached about 20 million, while the number of cancer-related fatalities reached 9.7 million.

A Systematic Review Exploring Dietary Behaviors, Psychological Determinants and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Weight regains after bariatric surgery presents a significant challenge to long-term weight management and overall health outcomes. While clinical and surgical factors influencing bariatric outcomes have been extensively reviewed, there remains a notable gap in understanding how behavioral factors-specifically dietary habits, psychological influences, and lifestyle choices-impact long-term weight maintenance. This systematic review addresses this gap, highlighting the unique role of these behavioral factors in sustaining weight loss post-bariatric surgery.

Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: Early Signs and Therapeutic Interventions.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in communication, social interaction difficulties, and repetitive behaviors that can hinder a child's development. The growing prevalence of autism necessitates early detection and effective intervention strategies. This review summarizes the current knowledge of early indicators of ASD, including brain development markers and behavioral signs visible in infants.

An Integrated Multimodal-Based CAD System for Breast Cancer Diagnosis.

Breast cancer has been one of the main causes of death among women recently, and it has been the focus of attention of many specialists and researchers in the health field. Because of its seriousness and spread speed, breast cancer-resisting methods, early diagnosis, diagnosis, and treatment have been the points of research discussion. Many computers-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been proposed to reduce the load on physicians and increase the accuracy of breast tumor diagnosis.

An In Vitro Comparative Analysis of Physico-Mechanical Properties of Commercial and Experimental Bioactive Endodontic Sealers.

This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of root and sealer penetration after obturation using an epoxy resin sealer AH plus (AH+) and two different bioactive endodontic sealers, i.e., Totalfill BC Hiflow (TF BC), and experimental injectable bioactive glass (Exp.

Macronutrients-availing microbiomes: biodiversity, mechanisms, and biotechnological applications for agricultural sustainability.

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the three most essential micronutrients which play major roles in plant survivability by being a structural or non-structural component of the cell. Plants acquire these nutrients from soil in the fixed (NO, NH) and solubilized forms (K, HPO and HPO). In soil, the fixed and solubilized forms of nutrients are unavailable or available in bare minimum amounts; therefore, agrochemicals were introduced.

Synergistic Effects of BaTiO and MFeO (M = Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Co) Nanoparticles as Artificial Pinning Centers on the Performance of YBaCuO Superconductor.

Large-scale superconductor applications necessitate a superconducting matrix with pinning sites (PSs) that immobilize vortices at elevated temperatures and magnetic fields. While previous works focused on the single addition of nanoparticles, the simultaneous inclusion of different nanoparticles into a superconducting matrix can be an effective way to achieve an improved flux pinning capacity. The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of mixed-nanoparticle pinning, with the co-addition of non-magnetic (BaTiO; BT) and various types of magnetic spinel ferrite (MFeO, abbreviated as MFO, where M = Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, and Ni) nanoparticles, on the superconductivity and flux pinning performances of the high-temperature superconductor YBaCuO (YBCO).

Toxicity and Sublethal Effect of Chlorantraniliprole on Multiple Generations of L. (Diptera: Culicidae).

Due to the quick development of insecticide resistance, it is crucial to optimize management programs by understanding the sublethal effects of effective insecticides like chlorantraniliprole on L. populations. Using age-stage and two-sex life tables, we investigated the sublethal impacts of chlorantraniliprole on .

Hybrid Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy System and Electromyography for Prosthetic Knee Control.

The increasing number of individuals with limb loss worldwide highlights the need for advancements in prosthetic knee technology. To improve control and quality of life, integrating brain-computer communication with motor imagery offers a promising solution. This study introduces a hybrid system that combines electromyography (EMG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to address these limitations and enhance the control of knee movements for individuals with above-knee amputations.

Effect of daily immersion of different beverages on the surface roughness and color stability of 3D-printed denture base resins.

Purpose: To measure the effect of daily immersion in varying beverages (distilled water, tea, carbonated beverage, and orange juice) on surface roughness and color stability of 3D-printed denture base resins.

Materials And Methods: 160 acrylic resin discs (15 × 2.5 mm) were made from heat-polymerized (HP), and 3D-printed resins (FormLabs, ASIGA, and NextDent).

Influence of steel-to-concrete ratio on sustainable column design in Saudi Arabia.

This study investigates the impact of the steel-to-concrete ratio in building columns on environmental factors, embodied energy, and cost estimations in a hotel construction scenario in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. This study focuses on the production (A1-A3) and construction (A4-A5) stages, omits the use and disposal phases, and extensively examines the material components and their environmental implications. It evaluates the environmental impact of diverse column types.

Trimesic Acid as a Building Block for Ternary and Quaternary Salts and Salt Cocrystals.

In the field of cocrystals, the synthon-based design of two-component crystals is well established and the interest is now shifting toward higher order cocrystals as the next challenge. Carboxylic acids form a robust synthon with pyridyl coformers and interact with 2-aminopyrimidines through a pair of strong, charge-assisted hydrogen bonds. In this work we describe the formation of higher order salts and salt cocrystals of trimesic acid using 2,4-diaminopyrimidine (pyrimethamine, trimethoprim) and pyridyl (4,4'-bipyridine, 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene, 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane, 4-phenylpyridine) coformers.

Impact of Digital Workflow Integration on Fixed Prosthodontics: A Review of Advances and Clinical Outcomes.

The field of prosthodontics has seen substantial advancements with the integration of digital workflows, which have revolutionized traditional clinical practices. These digital technologies, including intraoral scanners (IOS), computer-aided design (CAD), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), have enhanced the precision, efficiency, and overall quality of prosthetic restorations. This review explores the clinical outcomes of adopting digital workflows in prosthodontics, with a focus on their impact on accuracy, time efficiency, and patient satisfaction.

Oncocytic lipoadenoma of the parotid gland: a case report and a review of the literature.

Oncocytic lipoadenomas are a rare sub-category of fat-containing tumors of the salivary glands. These tumors are characterized by their oncocyte-predominant epithelial component admixed with mature adipocytes. This condition has been rarely reported to affect the parotid and the submandibular glands.

Deprescribing anticholinergics to preserve brain health: reducing the risk of dementia through deprescribing (R2D2): study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Older adults commonly experience chronic medical conditions and are at risk of cognitive impairment as a result of age, chronic comorbidity, and medications prescribed to manage multiple chronic conditions. Anticholinergic medications are common treatments for chronic conditions and have been repeatedly associated with poor cognitive outcomes, including delirium and dementia, in epidemiologic studies. However, no study has definitively evaluated the causal relationship between anticholinergics and cognition in a randomized controlled trial design.

Heterozygous BTNL8 variants in individuals with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare condition following SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with intestinal manifestations. Genetic predisposition, including inborn errors of the OAS-RNAseL pathway, has been reported. We sequenced 154 MIS-C patients and utilized a novel statistical framework of gene burden analysis, "burdenMC," which identified an enrichment for rare predicted-deleterious variants in BTNL8 (OR = 4.

Cochlear Implantation: Predicting Round Window Niche Visibility Using One Measurement in High-Resolution Temporal Bone Computed Tomography.

Background: To evaluate the accuracy of a single measurement in temporal bone computed tomography in predicting the round window niche (RWN) visibility during cochlear implantation.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 148 patients (165 ears) who had a cochlear implant (CI) from January 2010 to December 2018 at a tertiary CI center. The measurement was done for the angle of the basal turn of the cochlea (ABTC), which we defined as the angle formed by the cochlear basal turn and the cranium mid-sagittal plane, by 2 readers blindly from the axial images of computed tomography.

Deprescribing Anticholinergics to Preserve Brain Health: Reducing the Risk of Dementia through Deprescribing (R2D2): Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Older adults commonly experience chronic medical conditions and are at risk of cognitive impairment as a result of age, chronic comorbidity, and medications prescribed to manage multiple chronic conditions. Anticholinergic medications are common treatments for chronic conditions, and have been repeatedly associated with poor cognitive outcomes, including delirium and dementia, in epidemiologic studies. However, no study has definitively evaluated the causal relationship between anticholinergics and cognition in a randomized controlled trial design.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) for Arabic-Speaking Patients.

Background: The original English Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) is widely adopted to track changes in foot and ankle function. The aim of this study is to translate it to an Arabic version of FAAM (FAAM-A), and then to assess the validity and reliability of the FAAM-A version.

Methodology: One hundred five consecutive Arabic-speaking participants with different foot and ankle pathologies completed the FAAM-A.

Faculty Members' Perception, Implementation, and Challenges of Formative Assessment in Undergraduate Medical Education: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Medical curriculum reform requires quality assurance in all curricular activities including assessment. Such reform necessitates a shift of focus from summative assessment (SA) to formative assessment (FA). However, the implementation of FA confronts several challenges that hinder its proper application, especially with the increased number of students and the diversity of activities required from faculty members.

A comparative study of strength and surface properties of permanent 3D-printed resins with CAD-CAM milled fixed dental prostheses.

Purpose: To compare the strength, surface roughness, and hardness of newly introduced permanent three-dimensional (3D)-printed resin in comparison with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled materials.

Materials And Methods: Three 3D-printed resins (NextDent C&B, Formlabs Permanent Crown, and VarseoSmile Crown plus) and two CAD-CAM milled (IPS e.max ZirCAD LT and VITA Enamic) resins were used to fabricate discs specimens.