Nitazoxanide mitigates methotrexate hepatotoxicity in rats: role in inhibiting apoptosis and regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objectives: Hepatotoxicity is a severe outcome of methotrexate (MTX) therapy, limiting its clinical use and contributing to its related morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of nitazoxanide (NTZ), an antiprotozoal drug, against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity and whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-modulation underlies the expected beneficial effects of NTZ.

Methods: Thirty-six rats were allocated to six groups, one control group and five MTX groups, where induction of hepatotoxicity was achieved via injecting MTX (20 mg/kg).

The Use of Psychotropic Medications Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Associated Factors.

: The prevalence of mental health disorders has been rising in Saudi Arabia, which may have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the usage patterns of various psychotropic drugs before and during the pandemic. : This cross-sectional study was conducted at the psychiatric outpatient clinic of a single hospital in Saudi Arabia from 1 October 2018 to 31 March 2023.

The Effect of Bio-Electromagnetic Energy Regulation Therapy on Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.

: To evaluate the effect of bio-electromagnetic energy regulation (BEMER) therapy on erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). A triple-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in two different centers. Fifty-two male participants with MS were randomly allocated into two groups.

The Effectiveness and Safety of Tranexamic Acid in Treating Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a synthetic antifibrinolytic agent that inhibits plasminogen activation, thereby reducing bleeding. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate its role in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-a condition indicated by bleeding between two layers of brain tissue-to stop rebleeding and improve patient outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials from 1981 to 2024, focusing on the efficacy and safety of TXA in treating aneurysmal SAH (PROSPERO registration: CRD42024504834).

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Stress Urinary Incontinence Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a prevalent condition among women in Saudi Arabia, characterized by involuntary urine leakage during physical activities that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing or sneezing. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SUI and identify its key risk factors.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted for studies published up to July 2024, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

Pregnant Women's Awareness of Periodontal Disease Effects: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study in Saudi Arabia.

Background/objectives: Periodontal disease is an infection of the surrounding and supporting tissues of the teeth. Several associations have been identified for systemic conditions. This study aimed to assess the awareness of pregnant women regarding the link between premature and low-weight births with periodontal diseases.

Survival Outcomes for Men over 80 Years Undergoing Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy: A Prospective Analysis.

Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer among elderly males in Western countries. TRUS biopsy remains a standard diagnosing approach for prostate cancer but poses notable risks, particularly in older men, including complications such as sepsis, acute retention, and rectal bleeding, which can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate cancer-specific survival outcomes in men aged over 80 years and whether there is any cancer-specific survival advantage for TRUS biopsy procedure.

Determining and comparing the level of motivation for exercise according to the sociodemographic characteristics of university students.

Background: Motivation levels for exercise vary widely among individuals and are influenced by various factors. This study aimed to compare exercise motivation levels and explore influencing factors among university students.

Methods: A cross-sectional research design targeted university students aged range 18 to 32 years.

Trends of trauma team physicians toward patients with bleeding in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Trauma poses a significant health burden in Saudi Arabia, with high rates of morbidity and mortality rates. We evaluated the trends among trauma team (TT) physicians in Saudi Arabia regarding their awareness and referral practices for percutaneous endovascular arterial embolization (EAE) in bleeding patients.

Methods: A 13-question survey developed by consultants from various specialties assessed the knowledge of TT physicians regarding decision-making and appropriate approaches for managing traumatic bleeding.

Ganglion cysts of the wrist: A bibliometric analysis review of the top 50 highly cited publications.

Introduction: Ganglion cysts (GCs) are a form of benign soft tissue mass commonly seen on the dorsum of the wrist that could also form in the hand. They can cause pain and impede physical activities. Despite extensive studies, there has not been a thorough analysis of the top 50 GC articles.

Evaluating Strategies for Enhancing Medication Adherence in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA): A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess medication adherence strategies among users in Saudi Arabia, explore the prevalence and effectiveness of behavioral, technical, and organizational tools, and identify key predictors of adherence related to demographic, health, and medication characteristics.

Patients And Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 Saudi residents aged ≥18 who regularly take prescription/non-prescription medications. The questionnaire was developed through a literature review, validated by academic pharmacists, and refined based on pilot testing feedback.

Mortality patterns in chronic granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: insights from two fatal cases.

Chronic granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (CGIFRS) is a type of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis that is characterized by the presence of pathologic findings of non-caseating granulomas in the paranasal sinuses. This article describes two cases of CGIFRS with fatal outcomes. The first case was for a 36-year-old man who presented with headache, dizziness, and vomiting for 1 month.

Characterizing headache patients admitted from the emergency department: a retrospective study.

Background: Headaches are a common complaint in emergency department (ED) presentations, but the demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients admitted with headaches remain understudied. This retrospective study aims to investigate patients admitted with a chief complaint of headache.

Methods: The study examined the triage database of our ED from 01/01/2020 to 31/12/2022 to identify patients admitted to either the wards or intensive care unit (ICU) with headache as their primary complaint.

Leprosy with subsequent type 2 reaction masquerading as cutaneous tuberculosis: a case report and diagnostic pitfalls in a non-endemic area.

Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease caused by complex, remains a significant global health concern despite being curable with multidrug therapy. Delayed diagnosis is common, particularly in non-endemic regions or when presenting with atypical symptoms. This can lead to missed opportunities for early intervention, potential disabilities, and increased transmission.

Differentiating mycosis fungoides lesions from their mimickers clinically and histologically: A single tertiary center retrospective analysis in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To identify the clinical and histological features of MF that can assist in distinguishing MF from MF-mimicking cases. Although mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, clinicopathological correlations are required to establish an accurate diagnosis, which are currently lacking.

Methods: This retrospective observational study evaluated the clinical presentations, characteristics, and histological features of 56 patients with suspected MF who presented to our clinic between January 2018 and August 2022.

Assessment of Quality and Reliability of YouTube Videos for Student Learning on Class II Resin Composite Restorations.

YouTube has emerged as a popular platform for accessing educational content. However, its effectiveness has been a topic of debate in dental education. This study aimed to analyze the content and quality of YouTube videos focusing on Class II resin composite restorations.

Comprehensive global review and methodological framework for developing food atlases.

Introduction: An atlas is a trustworthy resource created from precise data collection that serves as a guide for communities. A food atlas is a useful tool for analyzing dietary data. There is a growing need for a food atlas that is part of the nation's strategy to help the health sector with specific nutritional or dietary assessments of individual consumption and overall wellbeing.

The efficacy of preoperative tranexamic acid administration among patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aim: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effectiveness of tranexamic acid (TXA) among patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR).

Methods: Five databases were screened until December 18, 2022. The included RCTs were assessed for risk of bias, and the endpoints were summarized as mean difference/standardized mean difference (MD/SMD) or risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) in a random-effects model.

Influence of disinfecting solutions on the surface topography of gutta-percha cones: a systematic review of studies.

The surface integrity of gutta-percha cones is a crucial factor in the success of endodontic procedures. Disinfecting solutions play a pivotal role in sterilizing gutta-percha cones, but their influence on gutta-percha surface topography remains a subject of concern. This systematic review aimed to present a qualitative synthesis of available laboratory studies assessing the influence of disinfecting solutions on the surface topography of gutta-percha and offers insights into the implications for clinical practice.

Effect of coffee roasting level on tooth discoloration.

Purpose: Coffee consumption is a well-known contributor to tooth discoloration, and the extent of staining is influenced by the chemical composition of the coffee. This study investigated the associations of coffee roasting level, chlorogenic acid (CGA) content, absorbance level, and their combined effects with tooth discoloration.

Methods: Bovine tooth enamel specimens were immersed in light, medium, and dark roasts of four coffee types (two Arabica and two Robusta coffees) for 72 h.

Retrograde filling of an internal iliac artery aneurysm via the profunda femoris artery: A case report of type IIa endoleak.

Introduction: Internal iliac artery aneurysms (IIAAs) are an uncommon but clinically significant vascular condition that can lead to life-threatening complications, such as rupture and endoleaks, following endovascular repair. Endoleaks particularly type IIa, occur when there is retrograde flow into the aneurysm sac from collateral vessels, and their presence can jeopardize the success of repair procedures. This case report illustrates a rare occurrence of a type IIa endoleak attributed to retrograde filling from the profunda femoris artery, providing insights into the diagnostic complexities and management of IIAAs.

Regioselective Ring Opening of Aziridines by Oximes via C-C Bond Cleavage: Access to a Library of Oxime-Ethers.

A series of sulfonamido-substituted oxime-ethers have been synthesized by the reaction of donor-acceptor aziridines with aldo- and keto-oximes through C-C bond cleavage. Nucleophilic attack by an oxime hydroxyl group on the -generated azomethine ylide rather than the routine cycloaddition reaction draws the novelty of the developed methodology. Selective protection of the oxime hydroxyl group is observed in the presence of phenolic -OH, which made the protocol enriched.