Surgical Management Of Congenital Thoracic Disorders: A 15-Year Center Experience.

Introduction: Congenital thoracic disorders represent a spectrum of fetal lung bud development abnormalities, which may affect breathing capacity and quality of life. We aim to evaluate the impact of surgery in the treatment of 4 major congenital conditions.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of patients who underwent surgical treatment in our tertiary center, from 2007 to 2022.

A three month old infant with severe respiratory distress.

This case report discusses the diagnostic challenge of congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) in a three-month old infant with severe respiratory distress. The infant was initially misdiagnosed and managed as a case of pneumothorax. This case highlights the importance of CT scans as a diagnostic tool for early diagnosis and lifesaving management of CLE.

A Review of Management of Congenital Sublobar Hyperinflation at a Single Institution.

There has been an increased recognition of a subset of congenital lobar emphysema (CLE), termed congenital sublobar hyperinflation (CSLH), which may affect only a segment of lung as opposed to an entire lobe. This is an uncommon variant for which there is a paucity of information in published literature. The majority of CLE are managed surgically.

[Congenital pulmonary malformations : Diagnosis and treatment].

Performance: Congenital pulmonary malformations (CPM) are rare and can be associated with high morbidity. Clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, imaging, and therapy of CPM are discussed.

Achievements: Today, most CPM can be diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound.

Congenital lobar emphysema: A diagnostic dilemma with coexistent congenital heart defects.

Key Clinical Message: Clinicians should think beyond pneumonia and left-to-right shunts when young children have persistent respiratory distress. Congenital lung anomalies, including congenital lobar emphysema, should be considered differential diagnoses. Chest X-ray and CT imaging should be conducted to gain insight regarding and establish diagnosis, respectively.

Congenital lung malformations: a nationwide survey on management aspects by the Italian Society of Pediatric Surgery.

Introduction: Over the years, congenital lung malformations (CLM) management remains a controversial topic in pediatric thoracic surgery. The Italian Society of Pediatric Surgery performed a national survey to study the current management variability among centers, trying to define national guidelines and a standardized approach of children with congenital lung malformations.

Methods: Following a National Society approval, an electronic survey including 35 items on post-natal management was designed, focusing on surgical, anesthesiology, radiology and pneumology aspects.

Congenital pulmonary malformations in children in a pediatric hospital in Peru, 2010-2020.

Background: Congenital pulmonary malformations (CPMs) are rare in children. This study aimed to describe the clinical, imaging characteristics, and treatment of patients with this pathology.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive and retrospective study with data from patients with CPMs diagnosed at Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña (Lima-Peru), from January 2010 to December 2020.

Torsed extralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with congenital lobar emphysema: a rare entity.

Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is a rare congenital malformation, which mainly contains two variants involving extralobar and intralobar sequestrations. Extralobar sequestrations (ELS) are isolated from the remaining lung tissue and have their visceral pleura. Herein, we report the first case of a torsed ELS associated with congenital lobar emphysema.

Congenital lobar emphysema: A rare cause of respiratory failure in neonates.

Congenital lobar overinflation, also known as congenital lobar emphysema (CLE), is an uncommon (1/20,000-30,000 live births) abnormality characterized by hyperinflation of one or more pulmonary lobes, usually with contralateral displacement of the mediastinum. While the etiology of most cases of CLE is poorly understood and labeled idiopathic, some cases are thought to be due to an intrinsic or extrinsic bronchial wall abnormality causing a ball valve mechanism with resultant hyperinflation of the affected lobe. CLE tends to have a predilection for males presenting insidiously in the first 6 months of life and have respiratory distress and progressive failure, with 50% of cases being asymptomatic at birth.

Rare interstitial lung disease in a preterm neonate with congenital lobar emphysema.

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE)/congenital alveolar overdistension/congenital lobar overinflation or infantile lobar emphysema is a rare developmental anomaly of the lower respiratory tract which is characterised by hyperinflation of one or more of the pulmonary lobes. Histopathology may be variable, which may show abnormality in the cartilage, granulation tissue, mucosal folds, etc. We report a rare underlying histopathology in a preterm neonate with CLE.

Surgery versus conservative management in congenital lobar emphysema: follow up and indicators for surgery.

Introduction: Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE), a rare developmental lung malformation, involves the hyperaeration of one or more lung lobes caused by partial obstruction and occurs at a rate of 1/20,000-30,000 live births. Here, we aimed to retrospectively examine the clinical, radiological, and bronchoscopy findings of patients with CLE who were diagnosed and treated by surgical or non-surgical (conservative) approaches at our center and compared our results with those in the literature.

Methods: We examined the clinical, radiological, and bronchoscopy findings of 20 patients with CLE aged 0-18 years at our center between 2013 and 2020.

Fatal congenital lobar emphysema in a puerpera: a case report and literature review.

Background: Congenital lobal emphysema (CLE) is a developmental lung abnormality usually diagnosed in the neonatal period and is rarely observed in adults. Adults with CLE are usually asymptomatic and only a small fraction may present with coughing, recurrent pneumonia and respiratory distress. In imaging studies, the most frequently affected lobe of CLE is the left upper lobe, followed by the right middle lobe.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature infant with congenital lobar emphysema: a case report.

Background: Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a congenital pulmonary cystic disease, characterized by overinflation of the pulmonary lobe and compression of the surrounding areas. Most patients with symptoms need an urgent surgical intervention. Caution and alertness for CLE is required in cases of local emphysema on chest X-ray images of extremely premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Narrative review of congenital lung lesions.

This article reviews the contemporary diagnosis and management of antenatally diagnosed congenital lung lesions. These anomalies, which include congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) (formerly congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation), bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS), bronchogenic cyst, and congenital lobar emphysema (CLE), are relatively rare but are increasingly encountered by clinicians because of the improved resolution and enhanced sensitivity of fetal ultrasound. Serial assessment of these lesions throughout pregnancy remains the norm rather than the exception.

Congenital Lobar Emphysema: Perioperative Evaluation and Management.

Background: Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a lung malformation characterized by overdistension and air trapping in the affected lobe. It is one of the causes of neonatal and infantile respiratory distress. This study aimed to evaluate our experience regarding perioperative and surgical management in children with CLE.

Imaging findings in 14 dogs and 3 cats with lobar emphysema.

Background: Lobar emphysema in dogs and cats is caused by bronchial collapse during expiration and subsequent air trapping. Congenital causes such as bronchial cartilage defects or acquired causes such as compressive neoplastic lesions have been reported. Morbidity results from hyperinflation of the affected lung lobe and compression of adjacent thoracic structures.