112 results match your criteria: "Imaging in CNS Cryptococcosis"
Clin Infect Dis
December 2024
Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: Limited data exist regarding outcomes of cryptococcosis in patients without HIV with few studies having compared outcomes of Cryptococcus gattii, versus C. neoformans, infection.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 46 Australian and New Zealand hospitals to determine the outcomes of cryptococcosis in patients without HIV diagnosed between 2015 and 2019, and compared outcomes of C.
An Bras Dermatol
November 2024
Department of Infectology, Dermatology, Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Cryptococcosis is a disease caused by fungi of the genus Cryptococcus, with the species Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii being recognized as pathogenic. Cutaneous cryptococcosis can be classified as "secondary", developing from a previous systemic disease, or, on the contrary, "primary", resulting from transcutaneous inoculation of the agent. It can also be classified as "disseminated cutaneous cryptococcosis", when there is an associated systemic disease, or "localized", when it is restricted to the skin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
October 2024
Jieyang Medical Research Center, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang, Guangdong, China.
Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), a serious cerebrovascular and neurological emergency, is common in pregnant individuals and accounts for approximately 0.5-1.0% of all cerebrovascular diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Rep Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Cryptococcosis, an infection caused by , predominantly targets the central nervous system (CNS) in patients with AIDS but is not limited to this group. The disease can also occur in individuals with various immunosuppressive conditions, frequently involving the brain or lungs. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the most common form of fungal meningoencephalitis, leading to intracerebral infections, cerebral infarction, or hydrocephalus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Trinity Health Oakland Hospital/Wayne State University School of Medicine, Pontiac, MI, USA.
Mucosal Immunol
December 2024
Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, UK; Institute of Microbiology & Infection, University of Birmingham, UK. Electronic address:
Mycoses
July 2024
Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: The radiological manifestations of central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis are diverse and often subtle. There is heterogeneity on how different neuroimaging patterns impact prognosis. This study aims to assess the association between the neuroimaging and clinical outcomes of CNS cryptococcosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Family Med Prim Care
March 2024
Department of Medicine, The Grant Government Medical College and Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Background: Neurological manifestations are one of the major concerns for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The secondary spectrum includes space-occupying lesions (SOL), including tuberculoma, cryptococcosis, candidiasis, toxoplasmosis, primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).
Aim: To assess the neurological manifestations, disease outcome, and their associations with cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts in patients with HIV.
J Fungi (Basel)
February 2024
Biomedical MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Infections caused by and remain a challenge to our healthcare systems as they are still difficult to treat. In order to improve treatment success, in particular for infections that have disseminated to the central nervous system, a better understanding of the disease is needed, addressing questions like how it evolves from a pulmonary to a brain disease and how novel treatment approaches can be developed and validated. This requires not only clinical research and research on the microorganisms in a laboratory environment but also preclinical models in order to study cryptococci in the host.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Vet Med Assoc
April 2024
11Centre for Veterinary Education, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Methods Mol Biol
May 2023
University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, UK.
This chapter provides guidance for introducing Cryptococcus neoformans into the zebrafish larvae model system to establish a CNS infection phenotype that mimics cryptococcal meningitis as seen in humans. The method outlines techniques for visualizing different stages of pathology development, from initial to severe infection profiles. The chapter provides tips for real time visualization of the interactions between the pathogen and different aspects of the CNS anatomy and immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroimaging Clin N Am
February 2023
Department of Radiology, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, 170 Jomaruro, Bucheonsi, Gyunggido, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea.
This article reviews uncommon bacterial (brucellosis, actinomycosis, neuromelioidosis, nocardiosis, whipple disease, and listeriosis), Rickettsia, spirochete (neurosyphilis and Lyme disease), and fungal (mucormycosis, aspergillosis, candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and Cladophialophora bantiana) diseases affecting central nervous system (CNS), focusing primarily on their cranial manifestations. These infections often show a variety of neuroimaging features that may be similar or differ from typical pyogenic bacterial meningitis and abscess. Familiarity with these patterns is essential for timely recognition and initiation of appropriate management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealthcare (Basel)
August 2022
Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University Wroclaw, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
: Central nervous system (CNS) disorders are estimated to occur in approximately 10-20% of people living with HIV (PLWH). They are more commonly observed in newly diagnosed patients and in previously untreated patients or those refusing to undergo antiretroviral treatment. CNS diseases can also be the first manifestation of HIV/AIDS infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
June 2022
Service de Soins Intensifs Néphrologiques et Rein Aigu, French Intensive Renal Network, Hôpital Tenon, 75020 Paris, France.
Cryptococcosis is the third most common cause of invasive fungal infection in solid organ transplant recipients and cryptococcal meningitis (CM) its main clinical presentation. CM outcomes, as well as its clinical features and radiological characteristics, have not yet been considered on a large scale in the context of kidney transplantation (KT). We performed a nationwide retrospective study of adult patients diagnosed with cryptococcosis after KT between 2002 and 2020 across 30 clinical centers in France.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
February 2022
Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Cryptococcus gattii (C. gattii) is a fungal pathogen that once caused an outbreak of cryptococcosis on Vancouver Island, and had spread worldwide, while few data were available in China. In this study, seven clinical isolates of C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Infect Dis
August 2022
Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Neutralizing anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies (AAbs) have been increasingly recognized to predispose healthy individuals to disseminated cryptococcosis. However, studies have only considered patients with central nervous system (CNS) infection. No longitudinal study has captured the disease spectrum and clinical course.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJpn J Radiol
November 2021
Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2‑2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565‑0871, Japan.
With the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the prognosis of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has improved, and the frequency of HIV-related central nervous system (CNS) diseases has decreased. Nevertheless, mortality from HIV-related CNS diseases, including those associated with ART (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
June 2020
Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Cryptococcosis is a systemic infection and it may occur in immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. In order to better understand the clinical characteristics of patients with PC in different immune status, we retrospectively investigated the clinical, radiological, and treatment profiles of immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients with PC during a 10-year period (2008-2017). As a result, out of 136 patients, 94 (69.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol
December 2019
Department of Emergency, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Guangzhou Road, No. 72, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Background: Disseminated cryptococcosis is less common in individuals with normal immune function. Most cases occur in HIV-infected people. Usually it affects the lungs, followed by the central nervous system (CNS), skin and bone marrow, but rarely to the lymph nodes and chest wall.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Crit Care Med
December 2019
Department of Pathology, Division of Histopathology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Unlabelled: Invasive cryptococcosis is the third most common invasive fungal infection among organ transplant recipients. The most frequently encountered clinical manifestation is cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) which may be easily missed because of varying clinical presentations. 1-year mortality is estimated at 20-30% even with long-term consolidated antifungal therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
October 2019
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Background: Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare clinical disease with relative CD4 deficiency in the absence of HIV infection. The pathogenicity of ICL is poorly understood with an unclear incidence rate in the general population. Sequelae of ICL includes AIDS-defining infections, which most commonly includes Cryptococcus neoformans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Mycol
July 2020
Department of Neuromicrobiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
In the last two decades, central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis (CNSc) has emerged as a major opportunistic infection in the immunocompromised population of India. We have analyzed the clinical features of CNSc and epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. A total of 160 clinical isolates of C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChin Med J (Engl)
December 2018
Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol
August 2018
Section of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Objective: is a common opportunistic infection in adults with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome worldwide. However, limited data exist for HIV-infected patients in the post-HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) era in Brazil. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of cryptococcosis in a cohort of patients attending a teaching tertiary care hospital in southern Brazil after the introduction of HAART in Brazil.
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December 2018
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Cryptococcosis is a common invasive fungal infection (IFI) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Little is known about cryptococcosis in lung transplant (LTx) recipients despite having one of the highest risks of infection. The aim of this study was to describe demographic and clinical features of cryptococcal infection in LTx recipients.
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