Performance of computer scientists in the assessment of thyroid nodules using TIRADS lexicons.

Objectives: Ultrasound (US) evaluation is recognized as pivotal in assessing the risk of malignancy (RoM) of thyroid nodules (TNs). Recently, various US-based risk-classification systems (Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data Systems [TIRADSs] have been developed. An important ongoing project concerns the creation of an international system (I-TIRADS) using unique terminology.

Machine learning predicts pulmonary Long Covid sequelae using clinical data.

Long COVID is a multi-systemic disease characterized by the persistence or occurrence of many symptoms that in many cases affect the pulmonary system. These, in turn, may deteriorate the patient's quality of life making it easier to develop severe complications. Being able to predict this syndrome is therefore important as this enables early treatment.

Decoding Radiomics: A Step-by-Step Guide to Machine Learning Workflow in Hand-Crafted and Deep Learning Radiomics Studies.

Although radiomics research has experienced rapid growth in recent years, with numerous studies dedicated to the automated extraction of diagnostic and prognostic information from various imaging modalities, such as CT, PET, and MRI, only a small fraction of these findings has successfully transitioned into clinical practice. This gap is primarily due to the significant methodological challenges involved in radiomics research, which emphasize the need for a rigorous evaluation of study quality. While many technical aspects may lie outside the expertise of most radiologists, having a foundational knowledge is essential for evaluating the quality of radiomics workflows and contributing, together with data scientists, to the development of models with a real-world clinical impact.

Bioinspired intratumoral infusion port catheter improves local drug delivery in the liver.

Tumor immune modulation can be achieved using intratumoral injection of different immunomodulators during different phases of the cancer-immunity cycle. Intratumoral infusion catheters have been used in brain tumors, but these are not suitable outside the brain, where breathing motion results in catheter migration. Here, we use microstereolithography to manufacture a barbed sidehole catheter, modeled after the barbs in a bee stinger, where the barbs maintain the catheter position in the tumor, and sideholes within the barbs infuse drug into tumor tissue.

Diagnostic Performance of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted Positron Emission Tomography in Patients Diagnosed with Different Types of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Recent research has proposed using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) along with the administration of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting radiopharmaceuticals to identify breast cancer (BC) lesions. An extensive literature review to investigate the possible diagnostic utility of PET/CT with PSMA-targeting radiopharmaceuticals in BC patients was performed. The research comprised different clinical scenarios, including both newly diagnosed BC patients and those who had experienced disease relapse.

New-generation single-layer PTFE-covered coronary stent for endovascular repair of iatrogenic arterial side-branch injury in non-coronary lesions for the RECOVER (REsults after percutaneous interventions with COVERed stents) Investigators.

Background: The incidence of iatrogenic injuries in peripheral arteries is increasing due to the expanding opportunities of managing various cardiovascular diseases by means of percutaneous intervention. Thus, endovascular repair with implantation of covered stent (CS) after vascular injury is gaining importance as an alternative to open surgery. In cases of smaller side-branch injuries, stenting of the main vessel with subsequent exclusion and sealing of the side-branch is associated with unfavourable revascularization rates and unpredictable ischemic complications in the corresponding supply area.

Evidence-Based Data on the Diagnostic Role and Clinical Usefulness of [F]FDG PET/CT in Endocarditis and Cardiac Device Infections.

Infective endocarditis and infection of cardiac devices are conditions characterized by high morbidity and mortality, thus requiring a prompt diagnosis. Advanced imaging modalities are often required in the management of infectious endocarditis according to guidelines. The aim of this review is to collect and describe evidence-based knowledge about the diagnostic role and clinical usefulness of [F]FDG PET/CT in endocarditis and cardiac device infections based on published systematic reviews and meta-analyses on this topic and on recent guidelines.

Diagnostic performance of 2-[F]FDG PET/CT in recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer and elevated antithyroglobulin antibodies: an updated systematic review and bivariate meta-analysis.

Purpose: This updated systematic review and bivariate meta-analysis aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of 2-[F]FDG PET/CT for the detection of recurrent disease in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) who have negative I whole body scintigraphy and increased antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) levels.

Methods: The current systematic review was carried out following a preset protocol, and the "Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" served as a guideline for its development and reporting. A comprehensive research of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane library databases was conducted until June 2024.

Elective Surgical Repair of Popliteal Artery Aneurysms with Posterior Approach vs. Endovascular Exclusion: Early and Long Term Outcomes of Multicentre PARADE Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was compare elective surgical repair of popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) via a posterior approach vs. endovascular exclusion, analysing early and five year outcomes in a multicentre retrospective study.

Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2023, a retrospectively maintained dataset of all consecutive asymptomatic PAAs that underwent open repair with posterior approach or endovascular repair in 37 centres was investigated.