4,666 results match your criteria: "Imaging Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip"

Reducing the avascular necrosis (AVN) rate in infants treated for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is important. We previously reported the clinical outcomes of gradual reduction via ultrasound-guided flexion abduction continuous traction (FACT-R), which achieved a 99% reduction with an AVN rate of 1.0% in infants <12 months.

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Femoral version (FV) is more widely adopted with the definition as the angle between the long axis of the femoral neck and the tangent line of the posterior femoral condyles on the axial plane, and the normal range between 5 and 20°. FV can be measured by imaging and functional tests. Cross-sectional CT including both the hip and the knee is the typically used imaging technique, yet variation exists according to the different landmarks used.

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Objectives: Due to the technical challenges associated with femoral reconstruction in total hip arthroplasty for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), the exact indications for using femoral modular stems, despite their satisfactory clinical outcomes, remain poorly investigated. This study sought to assess the morphology of the femur and acetabulum, and to investigate the discriminative ability of femoral anteversion (FA), acetabular anteversion (AA), and combined anteversion (CA) on the selection of femoral modular stem in dysplastic hips.

Methods: Retrospective data were collected from multiple centers on a total of 230 cases who underwent THA due to DDH from January 1, 2020, to March 1, 2023.

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Morphometric Assessment of the Hip Joint in a Functional Dysplastic Rabbit Model.

Vet Sci

August 2024

Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Science Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.

The present study investigates the morphometric changes in the hip joint in a surgically induced rabbit model of hip dysplasia through the sectioning of the ligamentum capitis femoris and pelvic limb immobilization. A total of seventeen rabbits were evaluated using radiographic and computed tomographic imaging to measure the following parameters: the femoral angles of anteversion and inclination, length and width indexes of the neck of the femur, and acetabular depth and ventroversion. Significant differences in femoral anteversion angle and acetabular depth were observed, particularly in the group of hip instability surgery with pelvic limb immobilization.

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Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common musculoskeletal anomaly of childhood. This study analyses paediatrician's concordance performing hip ultrasound according to Graf's method. An analytical cross-sectional study is designed.

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Background And Purpose: Surgical indications for Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) are well-established. However, the extent of postoperative functional recovery varies widely, as observed in clinical follow-ups. Thus, preoperative evaluation is crucial.

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Bimodal convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are frequently combined with patient information or several medical images to enhance the diagnostic performance. However, the technologies that integrate automatically generated clinical measurements within the images are scarce. Hence, we developed a bimodal model that produced automatic algorithm for clinical measurement (aaCM) from radiographic images and integrated the model with CNNs.

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Imaging of Disease and Normal Variant Patterns in Pediatric Hips.

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

August 2024

Department of Radiology, Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, UW Health: University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin.

The pediatric hip undergoes significant changes from infancy through adolescence. Proper maturation is crucial for the development of a stable and functional hip joint. Imaging interpretation of the pediatric hip requires distinguishing normal variants and maturation patterns from pathology.

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Ultrasound Applications in Pediatric Orthopedics.

Arch Bone Jt Surg

January 2024

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece.

Article Synopsis
  • Imaging techniques, particularly ultrasound (US), have greatly enhanced physicians' ability to diagnose and differentiate conditions in pediatric orthopedic patients.
  • This review highlights US applications in trauma (like fractures), developmental disorders (e.g., hip dysplasia), soft tissue issues (such as cysts and tumors), and various musculoskeletal conditions.
  • US is an effective, low-cost, and non-invasive tool that, despite requiring expertise, provides safer procedures and is essential for orthopedic surgeons.
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Robot-Assisted Augmented Reality (AR)-Guided Surgical Navigation for Periacetabular Osteotomy.

Sensors (Basel)

July 2024

Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.

Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is an effective approach for the surgical treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). However, due to the complex anatomical structure around the hip joint and the limited field of view (FoV) during the surgery, it is challenging for surgeons to perform a PAO surgery. To solve this challenge, we propose a robot-assisted, augmented reality (AR)-guided surgical navigation system for PAO.

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Background: Joint hypermobility may be associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), but no definite conclusion has been reached. On the basis of long-term clinical observations, we hypothesized that joint hypermobility was associated with the occurrence, imaging findings, and clinical symptoms of DDH.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study that included 175 Chinese Han patients between 13 and 45 years of age with Hartofilakidis type-A hip dysplasia.

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Article Synopsis
  • Eccentric rotational acetabular osteotomy is used to prevent hip osteoarthritis from developmental dysplasia (DDH), but the differences in acetabular coverage between genders in DDH patients are poorly understood.
  • The study aimed to identify these differences in acetabular coverage and pelvic morphology between males and females, as well as how the rotation of certain pelvic bones relates to acetabular coverage.
  • The research involved analyzing the preoperative data of 100 patients who underwent the surgery, focusing on various measurements from radiographs and CT scans to compare the anatomical features of male and female patients with DDH.
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Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates whether careful observation of infants with radiological dysplasia is as effective as bracing treatment, specifically using a Pavlik harness, in treating developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
  • The research will involve a multicentre global trial, enrolling 514 infants under 3 months old who show specific criteria for radiological dysplasia, comparing outcomes of observation alone versus bracing over a minimum period of 6 weeks.
  • The primary measure for success will be the acetabular index assessed via radiographs at the 2-year mark, and the study aims to establish if observation is non-inferior to bracing, thereby possibly reducing unnecessary treatment.
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Introduction: The treatment option for borderline hip dysplasia (BHD) includes hip arthroscopy and periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). To the present day the controversial discussion remains, which intervention to prefer. Literature reports supporting an educated choice are scare, based on small patient cohorts and do not address the variability of acetabular morphology.

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Total hip arthroplasty with porous tantalum trabecular metal pads in patients with Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip: a midterm followup study.

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

July 2024

Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a catastrophic hip disease. Moreover, obtaining ideal clinical efficacy in conventional total hip arthroplasty (THA) is often difficult. In this study, we aimed to assess the mid-term clinical results of THA with porous tantalum trabecular metal (TM) pads for acetabular reconstruction in the treatment of Crowe IV DDH.

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Background: The relationship between hip morphological changes and joint concentricity in infants with late-detected developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) treated with gradual reduction remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated hip morphological changes and concentricity in infants with late-detected unilateral DDH using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during gradual reduction.

Methods: We enrolled 20 infants aged ≥ 12 months with unilateral DDH.

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Aims: Radiological residual acetabular dysplasia (RAD) has been reported in up to 30% of children who had successful brace treatment of infant developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Predicting those who will resolve and those who may need corrective surgery is important to optimize follow-up protocols. In this study we have aimed to identify the prevalence and predictors of RAD at two years and five years post-bracing.

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Background: Understanding the implications of either nonoperative or operative treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) performed before periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is critical to counseling patients and their families. There are limited studies, however, on PAO for the treatment of residual DDH after surgical intervention during childhood, and even less information about PAO after prior nonoperative treatment.

Questions/purposes: We analyzed patients who had undergone PAO for DDH and asked: Did patients with prior childhood treatment (either operative or nonoperative) (1) improve less in modified Harris hip score (mHHS), 12-item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12) score, or WOMAC score; (2) demonstrate more severe preoperative deformities; and (3) receive less complete radiographic correction and have more frequent complications than did patients whose hips had not undergone prior treatment? We also asked: (4) Were there subgroup differences among patients with DDH treated nonoperatively versus operatively before PAO in these same functional and radiographic parameters?

Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2020, a total of 90 PAOs were performed in 82 patients who had prior surgical or nonsurgical treatment.

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Purpose: Since 2011, we have used computed tomography (CT)-based navigation to perform safe and accurate rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) for treating developmental dysplasia of the hip. We developed a new method with four fiducial points to improve the accuracy of a published technique. In this study, we introduced a new method to achieve reorientation in accordance with planning and evaluated its accuracy.

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Background: To analyze the risk factors for the development of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head after reduction surgery in children with developmental hip dysplasia (DDH), and to establish a prediction nomogram.

Methods: The clinical data of 134 children with DDH (169 hips) treated with closure reduction or open reduction from December 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Independent risk factors for AVN after DDH reduction being combined with cast external immobilization were determined by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression and used to generate nomograms predicting the occurrence of AVN.

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Article Synopsis
  • Developmental dysplasia of the hip involves instability of the hip joint in infants, often diagnosed through ultrasound.
  • Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is a childhood condition where blood flow to the femoral head is temporarily disrupted, causing several distinct stages of bone changes.
  • Slipped capital femoral epiphysis occurs in adolescents when the femoral head shifts due to stress, and differentiating conditions like transient hip synovitis from septic arthritis may require joint fluid testing.
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Child Opportunity Index and Diagnosis of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Insights From a Children's Hospital Serving Disadvantaged Communities.

J Am Acad Orthop Surg

September 2024

From the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Hoffman, Lo), Montefiore-Einstein and The Children's Hospital at Montefiore (Alvandi,Gjonbalaj, Fornari, Karkenny), and Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY (Badrinath).

Introduction: Initiation of Pavlik harness treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) by 6 to 7 weeks of age predicts a higher rate of success. Child Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0 is a single metric designed to measure resources and conditions affecting children's healthy development.

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Background: Limited research has examined the impact of lower limb length discrepancy (LLLD) alteration on spinopelvic compensation in individuals with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). This study aimed to investigate the effects of LLLD on spinopelvic compensation following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and elucidate the complex biomechanical adaptations in the spinopelvic structures.

Methods: A retrospective review of DDH patients undergoing THA from January 2014 to December 2021 categorized individuals with Crowe type I and II into the low dislocation group (LDG, n = 94) and those with Crowe type III and IV into the high dislocation group (HDG, n = 43).

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