[Summary of the 2023 European Society of Cardiology clinical guidelines on the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus].

The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is well known. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), almost 18 million people die from CVDs worldwide every year, accounting for 31% of all causes of death [1]. CVDs often develop concomitantly with diabetes mellitus (DM), with approximately 20% of cardiovascular deaths attributed to elevated blood glucose levels [2].

Efficacy and Safety of Postbiotic Contained Inactivated Lactobacillus reuteri ( Limosilactobacillus reuteri ) DSM 17648 as Adjuvant Therapy in the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Adults With Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Increasing the effectiveness of eradication therapy is an important task in gastroenterology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of postbiotic containing inactivated (nonviable) Limosilactobacillus (Lactobacillus) reuteri DSM 17648 (Pylopass) as adjuvant treatment of Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, parallel study included H.

Pancreatectomy with En Bloc Superior Mesenteric Vein and All Its Tributaries Resection without PV/SMV Reconstruction for "Low" Locally Advanced Pancreatic Head Cancer.

The "vein definition" for locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (LA PDAC) assumes portal-to-superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) unreconstructability due to tumor involvement or occlusion. Radical pancreatectomies with SMV resection without PV/SMV reconstruction are scarcely discussed in the literature. Retrospective analysis of 19 radical pancreatectomies for "low" LA PDAC with SMV and all its tributaries resection without PV/SMV reconstruction has shown zero mortality; overall morbidity-56%; Dindo-Clavien-3-10.

[Da Vinci robotic complex in hernia repair surgery].

Objective: To review the first robotic hernia repairs performed at the Ilyinsky Hospital, evolution of this technology, learning curve and early outcomes.

Material And Methods: There were 17 procedures at the Ilyinskaya Hospital between 2021 and 2023 (13 men and 4 women). Mean age was 60 years, body mass index 28 kg/m.

Robotic sleeve gastrectomy: single-center experience.

Objective: To demonstrate safe introduction of a new technology (Da Vinci robotic system) into laparoscopic bariatric practice.

Material And Methods: We analyzed treatment outcomes in patients with morbid obesity who underwent robot-assisted sleeve gastrectomy between 2020 and 2023. The same team of surgeons performed all operations.

Laparoscopic cyst enucleation is a promising technique for treatment of gastrointestinal tract duplications in children.

Background: Laparoscopic cyst enucleation has its advantages and limitations in treatment of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) duplications. It allows to avoid bowel resection in such locations as ileocecal valve. We introduced laparoscopic cyst enucleation with further bowel plasty using cyst muscle layer and without monopolar coagulation, for cyst dissection we used straight scissors.

[«Burr hole» microsurgery for vestibular schwannoma].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive «burr hole» microsurgery for vestibular schwannoma.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis of postoperative outcomes in 50 consecutive patients with vestibular schwannoma was performed. All patients underwent burr hole microsurgery between 2016 and 2020.

Hemodynamic, Surgical and Oncological Outcomes of 40 Distal Pancreatectomies with Celiac and Left Gastric Arteries Resection (DP CAR) without Arterial Reconstructions and Preoperative Embolization.

DPCAR’s short- and long-term outcomes are highly diverse, while the causes and prevention of ischemic complications are unclear. To assess oncological, surgical, and hemodynamic outcomes of 40 consecutive DPCARs for pancreatic (n37) and gastric tumors (n3) (2009−2021), retrospective analyses of mortality, morbidity, survival, and hemodynamic consequences after DPCAR were undertaken using case history data, IOUS, and pre- and postoperative CT measurements. In postoperative complications (42.

Distal pancreatectomy with resection of the celiac trunk, right or left hepatic artery without arterial reconstruction (extended DP-CAR).

Objective: To evaluate safety and postoperative outcomes of DP-CAR with resection of one of the lobar hepatic arteries without arterial reconstruction (extended DP-CAR).

Material And Methods: Perioperative data and survival after 7 extended DP-CARs R0 were retrospectively analyzed. Arterial blood flow in the liver was assessed using intraoperative ultrasound and postoperative CT angiography.

[Exocrine pancreas insufficiency: clinical significance and approaches to correction from evidence medicine].

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a common complication of both benign and malignant diseases of the pancreas, as well as a consequence of radical surgical operations on the pancreas and a whole range of other variable extra-pancreatic causes. In clinical practice in the adult population, most cases of EPI are associated with chronic pancreatitis, while in the pediatric population with cystic fibrosis. The regression of the production of digestive enzymes in EPI mediates the development of the syndrome of maldigestion and malabsorption, leading to the progressive development of malnutrition, the importance of which is often underestimated by practitioners.

Increased respiratory morbidity associated with exposure to a mature volcanic plume from a large Icelandic fissure eruption.

The 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland was the largest fissure eruption in over 200 years, emitting prodigious amounts of gas and particulate matter into the troposphere. Reykjavík, the capital area of Iceland (250 km from eruption site) was exposed to air pollution events from advection of (i) a relatively young and chemically primitive volcanic plume with a high sulphur dioxide gas (SO) to sulphate PM (SO) ratio, and (ii) an older and chemically mature volcanic plume with a low SO/SO ratio. Whereas the advection and air pollution caused by the primitive plume were successfully forecast and forewarned in public advisories, the mature plume was not.

Pancreas-preserving duodenal resections pancreatoduodenectomy for groove pancreatitis. Should we revisit treatment algorithm for groove pancreatitis?

Background: The management of cystic dystrophy of the duodenal wall (CDDW), or groove pancreatitis (GP), remains controversial. Although pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is considered the most suitable operation for CDDW, pancreas-preserving duodenal resection (PPDR) has also been suggested as an alternative for the pure form of GP (isolated CDDW). There are no studies comparing PD and PPDR for this disease.

[Retroperitoneoscopic approach for treatment of acute obstructive calculous pyelonephritis. Alternative or a method of choice?].

Aim: to compare the results of treatment of patients with acute obstructive calculous pyelonephritis, who underwent to retroperitoneoscopic procedure, with patients, who underwent to drainage of the collecting system by means of ureteral stent or nephrostomy tube as the first stage.

Materials And Methods: A total of 121 patients were treated from 2011 to 2019. Of these, 78 patients were included in the main group.

Comparison of silicone versus polyurethane ureteral stents: a prospective controlled study.

Background: Approximately 80% of patients with indwelling ureteral stents experience stent related symptoms (SRS). We believe SRS can be reduced through altering the composition of ureteral stents to a less firm material. Therefore, we aim to compare modern silicone and polyurethane ureteral stents in terms of SRS intensity and safety.

Tumor M2-Pyruvate Kinase, Matrix Carbonic Anhydrase IX, and Metalloproteinase 9 - Novel Prognostic Markers of Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: was to assess the possibility of using plasma levels of tumor M2-pyruvate kinase (Tu M2-PK), matrix carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in patients with renal cell cancer as predictors of the disease course and the response to treatment.

Materials And Methods: Samples of blood plasma or serum of 46 patients with clear cell renal cancer TNM obtained before surgery and 8-9 days after surgery were tested. The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy individuals, comparable in age with the examined patients.

[Digital image in the practice of Cytology: a pilot study.].

Cytological study is a highly specialized type of laboratory analysis of the cellular composition of biological material and is to assess the morphological characteristics of cellular elements. The modern development of digital technologies is increasingly forming the interest of specialists to such a section as telepathology (digital pathology), which is a process of virtual microscopy with the transformation of classical cytological preparations into digital. Most morphologists currently use some forms of digital imaging, such as static images obtained by optical cameras mounted under a microscope.

Multimodal approach in assessment of the response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

The ability for noninvasive visualization of functional changes of a tumor's oxygenation and circulatory system offers new advantages for prognosis and monitoring of the treatment efficacy. The results of breast cancer oxygen state study under chemotherapy action obtained by diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) in combination with Doppler ultrasonic imaging are presented. Complex use of optical and ultrasound methods gives complementary information about the size of the tumor node, peculiarities of its vascular bed, rate of its blood flow as well as oxygenation, and provide a picture of the tumor response to treatment.

Increased expression of the DNA-binding cytokine HMGB1 in human atherosclerotic lesions: role of activated macrophages and cytokines.

Objective: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory response of the arterial wall to injury. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA-binding protein, which on release from cells exhibits potent inflammatory actions. We examined its expression in atherosclerotic lesions and regulation by cytokines.

Smad expression in human atherosclerotic lesions: evidence for impaired TGF-beta/Smad signaling in smooth muscle cells of fibrofatty lesions.

Objective: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human atherosclerosis but its actions during lesion progression are poorly understood. Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 proteins are signaling molecules by which TGF-beta modulates gene transcription. Our objective was to define the actions of TGF-beta during lesion progression in humans by examining the expression of Smads in relation to TGF-beta-mediated responses.

Cytochrome b558-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase-phox units in smooth muscle and macrophages of atherosclerotic lesions.

Objective: Despite studies implicating superoxide anion-producing oxidases in atherosclerosis, their characteristics, expression, and regulation in cells of lesions are poorly understood. We examined the following: (1) whether cytochrome b558-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase-phox peptides are expressed by intimal smooth muscle cells (iSMCs) and macrophages of human aortic atherosclerotic lesions and their regulation and (2) whether cytochrome b558-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase represents a major NAD(P)H oxidase in iSMCs.

Methods And Results: Using a combination of immunochemical and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction procedures, we demonstrate that p22(phox) and gp91(phox) (cytochrome b558) expression in normal intima was restricted to a quarter of the iSMCs.

A new specific chromosomal rearrangement, t(11;20)(p15;q11), in myeloblastic leukemia with maturation.

The translocation t(11;20)(p15;q11) was found as the sole acquired clonal chromosome abnormality in two patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The bone marrow morphology in both cases corresponded to the M2 subtype of the French-American-British (FAB) classification. None of the patients achieved complete remission, and both died less than 6 months after diagnosis.