Stretching [8]cycloparaphenylene with encapsulated potassium cations: structural and theoretical insights into core perturbation upon four-fold reduction and complexation.

The consequences of four-electron addition to [8]cycloparaphenylene ([8]CPP, ) have been evaluated crystallographically, revealing a significant core deformation. The structural analysis exposes an elliptical distortion observed upon electron transfer, with the deformation parameter (D.P.

Incident-angle dependent XAS cell design: investigation of the electrochemical cells under operating conditions at various incidence angles.

An characterization of electrode materials under electrochemical reaction conditions is important for their further development. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) presents a unique opportunity in this regard as the absence of a vacuum chamber in this technique makes it possible to collect spectroscopy data using user-designed cells. In the current study, the design and performance of an XAS cell are evaluated for characterizing solid oxide electrolysis cell working electrodes under a reaction environment that mimics high-temperature ammonia production conditions from HO and N.

Partial-Single-Atom, Partial-Nanoparticle Composites Enhance Water Dissociation for Hydrogen Evolution.

The development of an efficient electrocatalyst toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of significant importance in transforming renewable electricity to pure and clean hydrogen by water splitting. However, the construction of an active electrocatalyst with multiple sites that can promote the dissociation of water molecules still remains a great challenge. Herein, a partial-single-atom, partial-nanoparticle composite consisting of nanosized ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles (NPs) and individual Ru atoms as an energy-efficient HER catalyst in alkaline medium is reported.

Autoregulatory Efficiency Assessment in Kidneys Using Deep Learning.

A convolutional deep neural network is employed to assess renal autoregulation using time series of arterial blood pressure and blood flow rate measurements in conscious rats. The network is trained using representative data samples from rats with intact autoregulation and rats whose autoregulation is impaired by the calcium channel blocker amlodipine. Network performance is evaluated using test data of the types used for training, but also with data from other models for autoregulatory impairment, including different calcium channel blockers and also renal mass reduction.

Does thinning-induced gap size result in altered soil microbial community in pine plantation in eastern Tibetan Plateau?

Although the effects of gap formation resulting from thinning on microclimate, plant generation and understory plant community have been well documented, the impact of thinning on soil microbial community and related ecological functions of forests particularly in subalpine coniferous region is largely unknown. Here, the effects of thinning on soil microbial abundance and community structure using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) in pine plantations were investigated 6 years after thinning. The experimental treatments consisted of two distinct-sized gaps (30 m or 80 m in size) resulting from thinning, with closed canopy (free of thinning) as control.

White matter hyperintensities, incident mild cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline in old age.

Objective: Examine the association of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) with risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and rate of decline in multiple cognitive systems in community-based older persons.

Methods: Participants ( = 354) were older persons initially free of cognitive impairment from two ongoing longitudinal epidemiologic studies of aging. All underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for quantification of WMH and gray matter volumes and detailed annual clinical evaluations including 17 cognitive tests.

First light from a kilometer-baseline Scintillation Auroral GPS Array.

Unlabelled: We introduce and analyze the first data from an array of closely spaced Global Positioning System (GPS) scintillation receivers established in the auroral zone in late 2013 to measure spatial and temporal variations in L band signals at 100-1000 m and subsecond scales. The seven receivers of the Scintillation Auroral GPS Array (SAGA) are sited at Poker Flat Research Range, Alaska. The receivers produce 100 s scintillation indices and 100 Hz carrier phase and raw in-phase and quadrature-phase samples.

Embodiment and enculturation: the future of architectural design.

A half-century ago the Dutch architect Aldo van Eyck encouraged designers to think about "space and time" not as abstractions in themselves but rather as cultural events better approached through the medium of "place and occasion." Van Eyck made this point on the basis of his own travels and through his extensive readings in cultural anthropology, and his prescience is only now acquiring the credibility that it deserves through the work of a multitude of interdisciplinary researchers. Phenomenologists argue that we are embodied organisms-acting-within-environments, and these inhabiting abodes are constructed of both material and cultural dimensions.

Variation in longevity gene KLOTHO is associated with greater cortical volumes.

Objective: Identifying genetic variation associated with brain structures in aging may elucidate new biologic mechanisms underlying resilience to cognitive decline. We investigated whether carrying one copy of the protective haplotype "KL-VS" in longevity gene KLOTHO (KL) is associated with greater gray matter volume in healthy human aging compared to carrying no copies.

Methods: We performed unbiased whole-brain analysis in cognitively normal older adults from two independent cohorts to assess the relationship between KL-VS and gray matter volume using voxel-based morphometry.

What will this do to me and my brain? Ethical issues in brain-to-brain interfacing.

Recent brain-to-brain interfacing studies provide proof of principle for the feasibility of various forms of direct information transfer between two brains, and may lead to the development of new approaches involving memory, emotions, or senses. What makes brain-to-brain interfaces unique is the transfer of information representing specific messages directly from one brain to another, without involving any activity of the peripheral nervous system or senses. The article discusses ethical issues that arise in neural interfacing.

The dynamics of capillary-driven two-phase flow: the role of nanofluid structural forces.

Capillary-driven flows are fundamental phenomena and are involved in many key technological processes, such as oil recovery through porous rocks, ink-jet printing, the bubble dynamics in a capillary, microfluidic devices and labs on chips. Here, we discuss and propose a model for the oil displacement dynamics from the capillary by the nanofluid (which is composed of a liquid suspension of nanoparticles); we elucidate the physics of the novelty of the phenomenon and its application. The oil displacement by the nanofluid flow is a multi-stage phenomenon, first leading to the oil film formation on the capillary wall, its break-up, and retraction over the capillary wall; this lead to the formation of the oil double concave meniscus.

Dewetting film dynamics inside a capillary using a micellar nanofluid.

An experimental study was performed in which hexadecane was displaced by a micellar nanofluid in a glass capillary. Experiments have shown that a thick film was formed on the capillary wall after hexadecane was displaced by the nanofluid. The thick hexadecane film is unstable, and over time it breaks and forms a thin film.

Materials for engineering vascularized adipose tissue.

Unlabelled: Loss of adipose tissue can occur due to congenital and acquired lipoatrophies, trauma, tumor resection, and chronic disease. Clinically, it is difficult to regenerate or reconstruct adipose tissue. The extensive microvsacular network present in adipose, and the sensitivity of adipocytes to hypoxia, hinder the success of typical tissue transfer procedures.

Coming of age and taking stock: the state of academic health policy research centres in Canada.

This descriptive study takes stock of the nation's health services and health policy research capacity by profiling the organizational models, operational challenges and success strategies utilized by Canadian academic health policy research centres. While each such centre is unique, the results point to some common themes, including symbiotic relationships between centres and their ministries of health, pervasive infrastructure funding challenges and the importance of having a supportive academic home.

Biodegradation of 2-chlorobenzoate by recombinant Burkholderia cepacia expressing Vitreoscilla hemoglobin under variable levels of oxygen availability.

The influence of bacterial hemoglobin, VHb, on dechlorination and degradation of 2-chlorobenzoate (2-CBA) by recombinant Burkholderia sp. under variable oxygen availability with an initial dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.27 mM-0.

Clinical family assessment: applying structured measurement procedures in treatment settings*.

This article describes the use of a battery of structured family measurement procedures to conduct systematic, comprehensive assessments of families who enter treatment. The measures are derived from family research and include self-report questionnaires and structured observation of family interactions. The assessment is multimodal, and examines the entire family unit, the marital subsystem, the individual family members, and the larger social context affecting a family.