265,227 results match your criteria: "Illinois; and Institute for Health Care Research and Improvement (S.S.)[Affiliation]"

To reduce chronic school absenteeism and morbidity and mortality among school-aged children, the prompt administration of albuterol sulfate in schools remains vital. School-based stock inhaler programs are a practical approach to ensure equitable access to life-saving rescue medication for students. School and community partnerships can potentially strengthen program implementation and fidelity by integrating evidence-based practices into routine care.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: For designing a suitable hydrogel, two crosslinked Alginate/ Carboxymethyl cellulose (Alg/CMC) hydrogel, using calcium chloride (Ca) and glutaraldehyde (GA) as crosslinking agents were synthesized and compared.

Materials And Methods: All samples were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Blood compatibility (BC), Blood clotting index (BCI), weight loss (WL), water absorption (WA), pH, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Cell viability and cell migration were investigated using the MTT assay and the wound scratch test, respectively.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Children from racial and ethnic minority groups are at greater risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but it is unclear whether they have increased risk for post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Our objectives were to assess whether the risk of respiratory and neurologic PASC differs by race/ethnicity and social drivers of health.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of individuals <21 years seeking care at 24 health systems across the U.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

. Stringent regulations restricting tobacco access to those under 21 are in place, yet young people continue accessing tobacco products. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, opinions, resource utilization, and training needs of tobacco retailers in terms of preventing underage tobacco sales.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Feeding spray dried plasma (SDP) to weanling pigs improves growth, but there is a lack of research on how SDP impacts oxidative stress and inflammatory response in lactating sows, and performance of their piglets after weaning. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that sows fed a diet with SDP in late gestation and lactation have improved reproductive performance and reduced inflammation compared with sows fed no SDP. The second hypothesis was that pigs weaned from sows fed 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a rare, often underrecognized complication of long-term lithium therapy. Lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus results from chronic renal exposure, leading to significant polyuria, dehydration, and hypernatremia.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 55-year-old White caucasian male with a schizoaffective disorder managed with lithium who presented with altered mental status and electrolyte abnormalities following a recent stroke.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The aim of this randomized control trial is to test the impact of providing additional training and support to volunteers who are paired with youth of color in the Big Brothers Big Sisters (BBBS) community-based mentoring program. The aim of the intervention activities is to enhance the capacity of mentors to have more culturally responsive and informed interactions with their mentees of color, thereby strengthening the youth's ethnic/racial identity and abilities to both cope with experiences of racism and contribute to causes that advance social justice.

Methods: Recruitment started in June 2022, with a goal of enrolling 240 dyads (i.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A Dual-Pathway Responsive Mechanophore for Intelligent Luminescent Polymer Materials.

J Am Chem Soc

January 2025

Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.

Mechanoluminescent units, when integrated into polymer matrices, undergo structural transformations in response to mechanical force, resulting in changes in fluorescence. This phenomenon holds considerable promise for the development of stress-sensing materials. Despite the high demand for robust, tunable mechanoluminescent mechanophores for force assessment and smart force-responsive materials, strategies for their design and synthesis remain underdeveloped.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Physical activity, cathepsin B, and cognitive health.

Trends Mol Med

January 2025

Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China. Electronic address:

Regular physical activity (PA) is beneficial for cognitive health, and cathepsin B (CTSB) - a protease released by skeletal muscle during PA - acts as a potential molecular mediator of this association. PA-induced metabolic and mechanical stress appears to increase plasma/serum CTSB levels. CTSB facilitates neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in brain regions (e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

KDIGO 2025 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation, management, and treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): executive summary.

Kidney Int

February 2025

Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Nephrology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address:

The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation, Management, and Treatment of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) represents the first KDIGO guideline on this subject. Its scope includes nomenclature, diagnosis, prognosis, and prevalence; kidney manifestations; chronic kidney disease (CKD) management and progression, kidney failure, and kidney replacement therapy; therapies to delay progression of kidney disease; polycystic liver disease; intracranial aneurysms and other extrarenal manifestations; lifestyle and psychosocial aspects; pregnancy and reproductive issues; pediatric issues; and approaches to the management of people with ADPKD. The guideline has been developed with patient partners, clinicians, and researchers around the world, with the goal to generate a useful resource for healthcare providers and patients by providing actionable recommendations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: In Uganda, fisherfolk have an HIV prevalence between 15% and 40%, significantly higher than the national average of 5.5%. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV but faces challenges in uptake and continuation among fisherfolk.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

How Do Clinicians Use Quotations in Goals of Care Notes?

Chest

January 2025

Division of General Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Palliative Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Background: Quoting patients in electronic medical record (EMR) notes is controversial. Quotations may be used to promote accuracy in documentation. However they also may be used to cast skepticism on patient speech.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Hip fractures are prevalent orthopaedic injuries with substantial morbidity and mortality. Failed primary treatments of these fractures often necessitate conversion to total hip arthroplasty (CTHA); a complex procedure requiring extensive exposure and hardware removal. It poses major challenges and is associated with high rates of complications such as infection, dislocation, and periprosthetic fractures.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Development of a health equity tool in resuscitation sciences and application to current research in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for cardiac arrest.

Resuscitation

January 2025

Department of Emergency Services, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is increasingly used for adults with cardiac arrest (CA) refractory to Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS). Concerns exist that adding ECPR could worsen health inequities, defined as differences in health outcomes that are unfair or unjust. Current guidelines do not explicitly address this issue.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Prospective data comparing watch-and-wait (WW) to mandatory total mesorectal excision (TME) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remains limited, as randomized control trials assessing these two treatment approaches are considered impractical. This pooled analysis of the CAO/ARO/AIO-12 and OPRA trials analyzes survival outcomes among LARC patients managed with either a selective WW or mandatory TME strategy following total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT).

Patients And Methods: The CAO/ARO/AIO-12 and OPRA trials were multicenter, phase II trials that randomized patients with stage II/III rectal cancer to receive either induction or consolidation chemotherapy as part of TNT.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Although cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the predominant cross-sectional imaging modality used by interventional radiologists, advancements in hybrid angiography-computed tomography (Angio-CT) technology have demonstrated a strong potential for increased utilization in the angiography suite. The benefits of increased workflow efficiency, decreased relative cost, multipurpose utility, and most importantly improved patient care, may encourage institutions to accept the higher upfront cost of Angio-CT rooms for potential long-term benefits. Hybrid Angio-CT setups are less prone to motion and streak artifacts and may provide superior image quality compared to CBCT.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Ionizing radiation exposure during perinatal development can produce various biological effects on the developing offspring. These effects are dependent on a number of factors, including total dose, dose rate and the developmental processes occurring at the time of irradiation. The present study conducted an analysis of historical radiobiological archived data involving 60Co-gamma irradiation of beagle dogs at specific periods of prenatal or postnatal development.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Designing microbiomes for applications in health, bioengineering, and sustainability is intrinsically linked to a fundamental theoretical understanding of the rules governing microbial community assembly. Microbial ecologists have used a range of mathematical models to understand, predict, and control microbiomes, ranging from mechanistic models, putting microbial populations and their interactions as the focus, to purely statistical approaches, searching for patterns in empirical and experimental data. We review the success and limitations of these modeling approaches when designing novel microbiomes, especially when guided by (inevitably) incomplete experimental data.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Medical Visual Question Answering aims to assist doctors in decision-making when answering clinical questions regarding radiology images. Nevertheless, current models learn cross-modal representations through residing vision and text encoders in dual separate spaces, which inevitably leads to indirect semantic alignment. In this paper, we propose UnICLAM, a Unified and Interpretable Medical-VQA model through Contrastive Representation Learning with Adversarial Masking.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Evaluation practices in the French-speaking countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) are poorly understood and infrequently documented. Our study is a descriptive analysis that elucidates how stakeholders are conceptualized and involved in evaluation processes in WAEMU. In these countries, evaluators are concerned about the weak stakeholder involvement in evaluation activity and call for greater stakeholder engagement, juxtaposed to the challenges of doing so.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Phonon dynamics and transport determine how heat is utilized and dissipated in materials. In 2D systems for optoelectronics and thermoelectrics, the impact of nanoscale material structure on phonon propagation is central to controlling thermal conduction. Here, we directly observe in-plane coherent acoustic phonon propagation in black phosphorus (BP) using ultrafast electron microscopy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF