Addressing Barriers to Racial Health Disparity Policy Change Advocacy: Exploring White Defensiveness Strategies.

Efforts to effect racial health disparity (RHD) policy change are urgent, necessary, and subject to a key barrier: defensiveness among White privileged audiences. Within the literature to date, such defensiveness is under-investigated, and when examined, is typically conceived of as an individual cognitive outcome-a message effect-rather than a communication interaction. Yet policy change advocacy efforts, ranging from community organizing to change campaigns, necessitate communication interactions between advocates and privileged policy change audiences, such as neighborhood groups or policymakers themselves.

Activatable Porphyrin-Based Sensors, Photosensitizers and Combination Therapeutics.

Porphyrins, known as the "pigments of life", have evolved from their natural roles into versatile tools for biomedical applications. The development of activatable porphyrins has significantly expanded their utility, enabling precise responses to a carefully selected target analyte. These advances have broadened their use in imaging, diagnosis, and therapy.

Activity-Based Bioluminescent Logic-Gate Probe Reveals Crosstalk Between the Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment and ALDH1A1 in Cancer Cells.

Cancer cells with high expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) are more resistant to chemotherapy, contribute to tumor progression, and are associated with poor clinical outcomes. ALDH1A1 plays a critical role in protecting cells from reactive aldehydes and, in the case of stem cells, regulates their differentiation through the retinoic acid signaling pathway. Despite the importance of this enzyme, methods to study ALDH1A1 high-expressing cancer cells in vivo remain limited.

Use of immunosuppression and subsequent cancer incidence: cohort study.

Objective: Evaluate the association between cancer incidence and immunosuppressive treatment in patients with ocular inflammatory disease (OID).

Methods And Analysis: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients from 10 US OID subspecialty practices. Patients with non-infectious OID were included; HIV-infected patients were excluded.

Goal-Directed Versus Self-Directed Valsalva Maneuver in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy on Cardiac Myosin Inhibitor Therapy.

Background: The Valsalva maneuver is essential in evaluating left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Traditionally, a self-directed Valsalva (SDV) maneuver is taught to patients using vague instructions such as "bear down." SDV is often not performed correctly leading to variable results and underestimation of the true provocable LVOT gradient.

Psychological Distress in Adults With Myocardial Infarction: Implications for Health Care Utilization and Expenditure.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) poses a major financial burden on the U.S. health care system, but its impact on medical expenses and health care utilization when coupled with psychological distress remains unknown.

Combined RET and MEK Inhibition as a Treatment for Fusion-Positive NSCLC With Acquired Fusion: A Case Report.

fusions are present in 1% to 2% of NSCLCs. Although RET inhibitors like selpercatinib are effective, resistance inevitably develops. We present the case of a 28-year-old female with recurrent NSCLC and a fusion treated with selpercatinib.

Tale of two zones: investigating the clinical outcomes and research gaps in peripheral and transition zone prostate cancer through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess pathological characteristics, clinical features and outcomes of patients diagnosed with peripheral zone (PZ) and transition zone (TZ) prostate cancer after prostatectomy.

Methods And Analysis: We systematically reviewed PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE. Primary endpoints were biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) and distant metastases rate; secondary endpoints included clinical and pathological features.

Characterisation of clinical response and transcriptional profiling of proliferating CD8 T cells in the blood of cancer patients after PD-1 monotherapy or combination therapy.

Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) that block the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway have shown promise with limited benefit. We and others have shown in small patient cohorts that an early proliferative CD8 T-cell response in the blood may be predictive of clinical response. However, these studies lack detailed analyses and comparisons between monotherapy and combination therapies.

Exploring the Impact of Preoperative Laboratory Values on Short-Term Outcomes in Complex Carpal Tunnel Decompression Surgery.

The present study analyzes the effects of preoperative serum albumin, hematocrit, and creatinine on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing carpal tunnel decompression surgery. The American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried from 2011 to 2020. Albumin, hematocrit, and creatinine were collected for each patient, alongside covariates.

Examining the Effect of Awareness-Raising Efforts and Rape Myths on Attitudes Toward Survivors of Sexual Assault.

The aim of this study is to measure the effect of rape myths and an awareness raising video on attitudes toward survivors of sexual assault. Participants were exposed to rape myths presented in nontraditional, traditional, and neutral conditions, followed by an awareness video explaining these myths. Attitudes were measured both before and after the video in each scenario condition, with a total of N = 101 participants from Turkey.

Trans-ancestry genome wide association study of childhood body mass index identifies novel loci and age-specific effects.

Over the past 30 years, obesity prevalence has markedly increased globally, including among children. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 1,000 genetic loci associated with obesity-related traits in adults, the genetic architecture of childhood obesity is less well-characterized. Moreover, most childhood obesity GWAS have been restricted to severely obese children, in relatively small sample sizes, and in primarily European ancestry populations.

Identifying Safeguards Disabled by Epstein-Barr Virus Infections in Genomes From Patients With Breast Cancer: Chromosomal Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: The causes of breast cancer are poorly understood. A potential risk factor is Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a lifelong infection nearly everyone acquires. EBV-transformed human mammary cells accelerate breast cancer when transplanted into immunosuppressed mice, but the virus can disappear as malignant cells reproduce.

Neuroactive steroid biosynthesis during pregnancy predicts future postpartum depression: a role for the 3α and/or 3β-HSD neurosteroidogenic enzymes?

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects ~10-15% of childbearing individuals, with deleterious consequences for two generations. Recent research has explored the biological mechanisms of PPD, particularly neuroactive steroids (NAS). We sought here to investigate associations between NAS levels and ratios during pregnancy and the subsequent development of depressive symptoms with postpartum onset.

Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance recommendations toward environmentally sustainable cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Delivery of health care, including medical imaging, generates substantial global greenhouse gas emissions. The cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) community has an opportunity to decrease our carbon footprint, mitigate the effects of the climate crisis, and develop resiliency to current and future impacts of climate change. The goal of this document is to review and recommend actions and strategies to allow for CMR operation with improved sustainability, including efficient CMR protocols and CMR imaging workflow strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, energy, and waste, and to decrease reliance on finite resources, including helium and waterbody contamination by gadolinium-based contrast agents.

Strategies for Implementing Integrated Behavioral Health into Health Centers.

Background: Integrated behavioral health (IBH) is a promising approach which embeds behavioral health services into primary care. Yet, IBH has had limited implementation. Our objective was to identify strategies to successfully implement the "Cherokee" IBH model by examining a 2013 to 2019 IBH demonstration project in New Jersey that included Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and Community Health Centers (CHCs).

Balloon-mounted versus self-expandable stent in failed neurothrombectomy: a post hoc analysis of the SAINT study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that when thrombectomy has failed, rescue intracranial stenting is associated with better clinical outcomes compared with failed reperfusion. However, comparative data regarding stent type are lacking.

Objective: To compare the procedural and clinical outcomes of balloon-mounted stents (BMS) with those of self-expandable stents (SES).

Comparative efficacy and safety of stent retrievers as a bailout strategy following failed contact aspiration technique in acute stroke thrombectomy.

Background: The contact aspiration (CA) technique is often used to perform endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, rescue strategies are necessary if CA fails to achieve recanalization. This study investigates the outcomes of incorporating stent retriever (SR) thrombectomy in the rescue strategy following failed CA.

Methods: EVT patients with failed CA attempts were identified from a large multicenter registry and stratified by rescue technique: CA alone or incorporating SR in the rescue strategy.

A Latent Trait-based Measure as a Data Harmonization and Missing Data Solution Applied to the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort.

Background: Collaborative research consortia provide an efficient method to increase sample size, enabling evaluation of subgroup heterogeneity and rare outcomes. In addition to missing data challenges faced by all cohort studies like nonresponse and attrition, collaborative studies have missing data due to differences in study design and measurement of the contributing studies.

Methods: We extend ROSETTA, a latent variable method that creates common measures across datasets collecting the same latent constructs with only partial overlap in measures, to define a common measure of socioeconomic status (SES) across cohorts with varying indicators in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort, a consortium of pregnancy and pediatric cohorts.

Silver nanoparticle-induced antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella spp. isolates from an urban lake.

The antimicrobial properties and widespread incorporation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into consumer products have raised concerns about their potential impact on public health and the environment. This study examined citrate-coated and uncoated AgNPs' antimicrobial effects on microbial growth and their potential to induce antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the natural environment. We isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella spp.

Nanozymes meet hydrogels: Fabrication, progressive applications, and perspectives.

Nanozyme, a class of emerging enzyme mimics, is the nanomaterials with enzyme-mimicking activity, which has obtained significant and widespread applications in various fields. However, they still face many challenges in practical applications (e.g.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Accelerated Epigenetic Aging in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos: Nativity as an Effect Modifier.

Background: Whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with accelerated epigenetic aging over time among the Hispanic/Latino population remains unknown. This study examined the longitudinal association between ACEs and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA), as well as potential effect modifiers, among a sample of Hispanic/Latino adults.

Methods: We analyzed 960 Hispanic/Latino adults with DNA methylation (DNAm) profile data from two visits (approximately six years apart) sampled from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

How different immersive environments affect intracortical brain computer interfaces.

Objective: As brain-computer interface (BCI) research advances, many new applications are being developed. Tasks can be performed in different virtual environments, and whether a BCI user can switch environments seamlessly will influence the ultimate utility of a clinical device. Approach: Here we investigate the importance of the immersiveness of the virtual environment used to train BCI decoders on the resulting decoder and its generalizability between environments.