Emergency interventions for cardiogenic shock due to decompensated aortic stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) induced by severe aortic stenosis (AS) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality. Despite advancements in emergency interventions, the optimal treatment approach remains uncertain.

Aim: This study aimed to systematically review and analyse the existing evidence on outcomes of emergency transcatheter aortic valve implantation (eTAVI) and emergency balloon aortic valvuloplasty (eBAV) in CS patients.

Effect of Treatment With Balanced Crystalloids Versus Normal Saline on the Mortality of Critically Ill Patients With and Without Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Some studies suggest that balanced solutions may improve outcomes in critical care patients. However, in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) existing data indicate that normal saline may be preferred. We hypothesized that mortality in critically ill patients with and without TBI would differ with the use of balanced salt solutions versus normal saline.

Assessing fluid responsiveness by using functional hemodynamic tests in critically ill patients: a narrative review and a profile-based clinical guide.

Fluids are given with the purpose of increasing cardiac output (CO), but approximately only 50% of critically ill patients are fluid responders. Since the effect of a fluid bolus is time-sensitive, it diminuish within few hours, following the initial fluid resuscitation. Several functional hemodynamic tests (FHTs), consisting of maneuvers affecting heart-lung interactions, have been conceived to discriminate fluid responders from non-responders.

Exploring the lived experience of Chinese family caregivers caring for end-of-life cancer patients at home: a phenomenological study in Singapore.

Purpose: The Chinese community constitutes the largest demographic and faces the highest rates of cancer incidence in Singapore. Given this, palliative care plays a crucial role in supporting individuals, particularly those nearing the end of life, with family serving as their primary source of support. Many Chinese family caregivers in Singapore reported significant unmet needs in cancer care provision, with studies indicating that they often bear the brunt of caregiving responsibilities.

Streptococcus canis Rapidly Progressive and Fatal Neonatal Sepsis in a Term Infant.

Background: Streptococcus canis (S. canis), belonging to β-hemolytic group G streptococci, is increasingly reported to cause sepsis and severe infections in adults with comorbidities but is rarely reported in children.

Methods: We describe a case of S.

Incidence of Thrombotic Complications in COVID-19 Patients and the Impact of Antithrombotic Therapy on ICU Mortality.

Aim We aimed to determine the incidence of thrombotic complications and outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and evaluate the association between combined antithrombotic therapy and mortality in ICU patients admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods We retrospectively collected data of adult critically ill patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU in a major hospital in Dubai during the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.

Prevalence of food allergy and its association with atopic dermatitis in Iran: Results from the PERSIAN birth cohort.

Background: The incidence of food allergy (FA) has been increasing worldwide, causing growing concern on a global scale.

Objective: This birth cohort study analyzes the incidence of reported FA and other atopic comorbidities in children from birth to age 2 years who were living in 4 urban and semiurban areas in Iran.

Methods: Children were followed from birth until age 24 months, with follow-up questionnaires administered through parent or guardian interviews conducted when the children were aged 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 months.

The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for reducing problematic substance use, mental ill health, and housing instability in people experiencing homelessness in high income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Adults experiencing homelessness in high income countries often also face issues of problematic substance use, mental ill health, in addition to housing instability, so it is important to understand what interventions might help address these issues. While there is growing evidence of the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for the general population, limited evidence exists specifically for those experiencing homelessness.

Objectives: To summarise the existing evidence of whether psychosocial interventions work in reducing problematic substance use, mental ill health, and housing instability for adults experiencing homelessness in high income countries.

Investigation of a Novel Noninvasive Risk Analytics Algorithm With Laboratory Central Venous Oxygen Saturation Measurements in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients.

Background: Accurate assessment of oxygen delivery relative to oxygen demand is crucial in the care of a critically ill patient. The central venous oxygen saturation (Svo) enables an estimate of cardiac output yet obtaining these clinical data requires invasive procedures and repeated blood sampling. Interpretation remains subjective and vulnerable to error.

Efficacy, safety, and therapeutic drug monitoring of polymyxin B sulfate and colistin sulfate in critically ill patients: a real-world retrospective study.

Background: Polymyxin B sulfate (PBS) and colistin sulfate (CS) are the last-line treatments for infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, but their efficacy and safety have not been validated. The aims of the current study were to (1) determine their efficacy and safety among critically ill patients and the influencing factors, and (2) determine the relationships of drug exposure with efficacy and safety, to provide evidence for the precision dosing.

Method: This retrospective study included 100 critically ill patients treated with PBS and 80 treated with CS.

The Influence of Artificial Light Exposure on Indigenous Populations: Exploring Its Impact on Menarcheal Age and Reproductive Function.

The impact of artificial light exposure on human health has garnered significant attention in recent years. In particular, its effects on reproductive health have raised concerns. Given that the onset of menarche serves as a crucial indicator of reproductive maturity, understanding the implications of artificial light exposure becomes paramount.

Effect of Oxygen Saturation Targets on Neurologic Outcomes after Cardiac Arrest: A Secondary Analysis of the PILOT Trial.

Background: More than 600,000 adults in the United States experience a cardiac arrest each year. After resuscitation from cardiac arrest, most patients receive mechanical ventilation. The oxygenation target that optimizes neurologic outcomes after cardiac arrest is uncertain.

NutriSighT: Interpretable Transformer Model for Dynamic Prediction of Hypocaloric Enteral Nutrition in Mechanically Ventilated Patients.

Achieving adequate enteral nutrition among mechanically ventilated patients is challenging, yet critical. We developed NutriSighT, a transformer model using learnable positional coding to predict which patients would achieve hypocaloric nutrition between days 3-7 of mechanical ventilation. Using retrospective data from two large ICU databases (3,284 patients from AmsterdamUMCdb - development set, and 6,456 from MIMIC-IV - external validation set), we included adult patients intubated for at least 72 hours.

Outcomes of Patients Transferred to Tertiary Center by Life-Saving System in Saudi Arabia. A Propensity Score Matching Observational Study.

Background: Inter-hospital transfer is intended to provide access to centralized special care for critically ill patients, when resources in their hospitals are not available. However, an empirical gap exists in available evidence, as outcomes of transferred patients to higher centers are inconsistent.

Method: Single center propensity score matching retrospective observational study.

Methods for data extraction and data transformation in convergent integrated mixed methods systematic reviews.

Objective: The objective of this guidance paper is to describe data transformation involving qualitization, including when and how to undertake this process, and to clarify how it aligns with data extraction in order to expand on the current guidance for JBI convergent integrated mixed methods systematic reviews (MMSRs).

Introduction: The convergent integrated approach to MMSRs involves combining extracted data from both quantitative studies (including the quantitative components of mixed methods studies) and qualitative studies (including the qualitative components of mixed methods studies). This process requires data transformation, which can occur either by converting qualitative data into quantitative data (ie, quantitizing) or converting quantitative data into qualitative data (ie, qualitizing).

Cardiac surgery outcomes: The efficacy of dexmedetomidine in reducing postoperative delirium - A bibliometric study.

Postoperative delirium (POD) is a prevalent complication following cardiac surgery, characterized by acute brain dysfunction observed in critically ill patients. Despite the significant impact of POD, there is currently no established treatment. Recent research has suggested that modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission and α2-adrenergic receptors may offer a therapeutic strategy for managing delirium during critical illness.

Learning from perinatal grief and loss: Insights from midwifery student focus groups.

Aim: To explore Australian midwifery students' learning experiences with death and their learning needs for these encounters.

Background: Midwives care for women who experience perinatal grief and loss. The care required in these events is complex and clinically challenging.

Electrophisiological monitoring of pain in non-communicative critically ill patients.

Electrophysiological monitoring of pain provides objective measures that allow for pain control and adjustment of analgesia in non-communicative patients. Among the available electrophysiological devices, automated infrared pupillometry, Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI), and Nociception Level Index (NOL®) stand out. These non-invasive measurement systems analyze the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system response to painful stimuli by observing pupillary dilatation and reactivity (pupillometry), heart rate during respiration (ANI), or a combination of multiple parameters from the nociceptive-autonomic medullary circuit (NOL®).

Nurses' role in spiritual care for patients and families in intensive care units: A scoping review.

Introduction: Critically ill patients and their families benefit from spiritual care. There is limited evidence on how spiritual care is delivered in intensive care units (ICUs).

Aim: The objective of this review was to determine how nurses include spiritual care for patients and families in ICUs.

A multifactorial, evidence-based analysis of pathophysiology in Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS).

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the United States has been studying a fascinating and unique constellation of neuro-ophthalmic findings collectively known as Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS). SANS is unique to the space environment of microgravity and produces novel physiological and pathological findings that have no direct terrestrial equivalent. The neuro-ophthalmic phenomenon is a major physiologic barrier to future planetary spaceflight.

Comparative risks and clinical outcomes of midazolam versus other intravenous sedatives in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Objectives: This systematic review synthesized literature evidence and compared midazolam's risks and clinical outcomes with other sedatives in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL without language restrictions. We used relative risk (RR) for binary outcomes and standardized mean difference (SMD) for continuous outcomes, with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).

Management of mechanical ventilation and weaning in critically ill patients with neuromuscular disorders.

Purpose: Myasthenia-gravis and Guillain-Barre-syndrome are two of the most common causes of acute and reversible neuromuscular-respiratory-failure(ARNRF), both may worsen respiratory-failure and need for invasive-mechanical-ventilation(IMV) for long-periods due to muscle-weakness. However, approitive IMV-mode for ARNRF patients that better gas-exchange and weaning in ARNRF remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: Critically-ill-patiens with IMV due to ARNRF, who could meet the weaning-criterias (after intubation for more than 7-days; difficult-weaning), between 2013, and 2023 were included in the study.

Impact of hemoadsorption with CytoSorb® on meropenem and piperacillin exposure in critically ill patients in a post-CKRT setup: a single-center, retrospective data analysis.

Purpose: CytoSorb® (CS) adsorbent is a hemoadsorption filter for extracorporeal blood purification often integrated into continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT). It is primarily used in critically ill patients with sepsis and related conditions, including cytokine storms and systemic inflammatory responses. Up to now, there is no evidence nor recommendation for the use of CS filters in sepsis (22).

Project ECHO Occupational and Environmental Medicine: A Qualitative Study of HealthCare Providers Supporting Workers with Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses.

Purpose: This qualitative study investigated the needs, barriers, and facilitators that affect primary care providers' involvement in supporting patients' stay-at-work and return-to-work following injury or illness. It also aims to understand the lived experiences of primary care providers who participated in the Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes training program for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ECHO OEM). By examining both the structural and experiential aspects of the program, this study seeks to provide insights into how ECHO OEM influences providers' approaches to occupational health challenges.

Towards a Theory of Compassion Fatigue in Palliative Care and Oncology: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Background: In their care of terminally ill patients, palliative care physicians and oncologists are increasingly predisposed to physical and emotional exhaustion, or compassion fatigue (CF). Challenges faced by physicians include complex care needs; changing practice demands, and sociocultural contextual factors. Efforts to better understand CF have, however, been limited.