T2/FLAIR mismatch and diffusion restriction as novel pathophysiological markers in MRI evaluation of central tegmental tract hyperintensity in pediatric patients.

Introduction: Central tegmental tract hyperintensity (CTTH) on T2-weighted imaging is an uncommon neuroimaging finding in pediatric patients with unclear clinical significance. CTTH may represent either a physiological or pathological process. This study evaluates the relationship between CTTH and MRI sequences (FLAIR, DWI) to explore its diagnostic value.

A rare case of granulomatous mastitis by species.

Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare, chronic, benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Here, we present a rare case of GM caused by brucellosis and present the first review to compile the cases in the literature. The diagnosis was confirmed by the patient's serological and histopathological results.

The effect of colored masks used in pediatric emergency clinics on children's pain perception: Randomized controlled study.

Objectives: This study was conducted in a randomized controlled manner to examine the effect of colored surgical masks used by nurses in pediatric emergency clinics on children's pain perception.

Methods: The study included 81 children aged 1-3 years who applied to the pediatric emergency clinic of a State Hospital located in a province in eastern Turkey. Data were collected using the 'Personal Information Form' and the 'Facial Expression, Leg Movement, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Pain Assessment Tool' to measure the level of pain perception.

An Atypical Lesion in the Nasal Cavity: Glomus Tumor.

Glomus tumors are rare vascular tumors that originate in the glomus bodies. These tumors are uncommon in the head and neck region and are extremely rare in the nasal cavity. Intranasal glomus tumors mostly have a clinical and radiologic indolent behavior.

Comparison of bipolar radiofrequency thermotherapy and transurethral prostate resection in treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia.

Objectives: Lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia in men increase with aging. Risks related to anesthesia and surgery have led a search for alternative treatments. Bipolar radiofrequency (RF) thermotherapy is one of the methods adopted in patients with high surgical risks.

Effect of ILM Peeling on Anatomical and Visual Outcomes in Diabetic Tractional Retinal Detachment.

Objectives: The objcetive is to compare the anatomic and functional outcomes of vitrectomy between internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and non-ILM peeling in diabetic tractional retinal detachment (TRD).

Methods: Twenty-three eyes with diabetic TRD with ILM peeling were compared with twenty-four eyes with non-ILM peeling. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded at baseline and 3, 6, 9, 12 months, and end of follow-up.

Quality and Reliability Analysis of YouTube Videos on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Claustrophobia.

Aim Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-induced anxiety is not infrequent with a reported incidence as high as 37% and the rate of failed MRI imaging due to claustrophobia ranges between 0.5% and 14.5%.

Repeat Surgery following Temporal Inverted ILM Flap Technique: Next Step after Primary Failure.

Purpose: We aimed to report our surgical experience with repeat surgery as the next step after an unsuccessful hole closure with the primary single-layered temporal inverted flap technique (IFT).

Methods: We identified cases with persistent macular holes by reviewing the records of eyes that underwent IFT between October 2018 and October 2021. These cases were evaluated for hole features, anatomical closure, and visual improvement before and after the first and second surgeries.

in the Differential Diagnosis of a Patient with Obstructive Jaundice and Eosinophilia.

is a trematode that is visible to the naked eye. The diagnosis can be made by serology or by clinical improvement and decrease of eosinophilia after triclabendazole treatment or by finding parasite eggs in the stool. Sometimes the diagnosis is possible during unnecessary surgery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

The Importance of the Pathological Perspective in the Management of the Invasive Lobular Carcinoma.

Background: Invasive lobular carcinomas (ILC) account for 10-15% of all breast cancers and are the second most common histological form of breast cancer. They usually show a discohesive pattern of single cell infiltration, tend to be multifocal, and the tumor may not be accompanied by a stromal reaction. Because of these histological features, which are not common in other breast tumors, radiological detection of the tumor may be difficult, and its pathological evaluation in terms of size and spread is often problematic.

Direct oral anticoagulant agents attenuate temporary aortic occlusion-induced renal oxidative and inflammatory responses in rats.

Background: This study aims to investigate the effects of different direct oral anticoagulants on experimental renal injury induced by temporary infrarenal aortic occlusion.

Methods: A total of 35 male Wistar rats (250 to 350 g) were randomly allocated to any of the five groups: sham, ischemia-reperfusion, rivaroxaban, dabigatran, and apixaban groups. Sham group underwent median laparotomy.

Does plate-screw density affect the functional outcomes in the treatment of proximal humerus fractures?

Background: The aim of the study is to evaluate the relationship between plate-screw density (PSD), functional results, and complication rates in the treatment of proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) with proximal humerus locking anatomical plate (PHLAP).

Methods: Consecutive 43 patients (22 females and 21 males) who underwent PHLAP for the treatment of PHF between 2010 and 2016 were evaluated. AO classifications were used for the classification of fractures.

Urodynamic Curve Patterns may Predict Female Bladder Outlet Obstruction and Detrusor Underactivity.

Objective: To search for independent predictors for distinguishing bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and detrusor underactivity (DU) in female patients with voiding difficulty.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective patient file review was performed of 918 female patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. After exclusion criteria, 148 patients with voiding difficulty were eligible for the study.

Effectiveness of lidocaine spray on radial arterial puncture pain: A randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial.

Objective: Radial arterial puncture is a painful procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lidocaine spray (10%) on pain associated with radial artery blood withdrawal for arterial blood gas analysis.

Methods: This randomized, controlled, double-blind study was performed between December 2018 and September 2019.

The relation of optical coherence tomography findings with oxidative stress parameters in patients with bipolar disorder and unaffected first-degree relatives.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the optical coherence tomography(OCT) findings and oxidative stress parameters in patients with bipolar disorder(BD) and their unaffected first-degree relatives(FDRs) and to explore OCT findings and oxidative stress parameters as potential endophenotype candidates.

Methods: Fifty patients with BD, 40 FDRs of BD, and 50 healthy controls(HCs) were included. OCT was performed to measure peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL), ganglion cell layer(GCL), inner plexiform layer(IPL), central macular, and minimum foveal thicknesses(CMT and MFT), choroidal thickness(ChT).

Prevalence of COVID-19 in 10,000 samples from 7853 patients in Eastern Turkey by positive real-time PCR.

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, started in December 2019 and has spread across the world. We analyzed real-time PCR results of 10,000 samples from 2 April to 30 May 2020 in three neighbor cities located in the East of Turkey. The final study population was 7853 cases, after excluding screening tests.

Antibacterial properties and carbonic anhydrase inhibition profiles of azido sulfonyl carbamate derivatives.

The aim of this study was to identify inhibition of carbonic anhydrase I and II (CA I and II) isozymes by azido sulfonyl carbamates through both and approaches and also to determine the drug-likeness properties and antibacterial activities of azido sulfonyl carbamates. inhibition and molecular docking studies of azido sulfonyl carbamate derivatives () on isozymes were performed. Except for derivative , all derivatives inhibited human CA I and II.

Retrospective Evaluation of Ileocolic Artery and Vein Diameters according to Body Mass Index in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis on Multislice Computerized Tomography.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of the increasement in the ileocolic artery and vein diameters considering the body mass index (BMIs) of the patients with acute appendicitis.

Methods: Between January 2016 and April 2019, 76 patients who were diagnosed with acute appendicitis by contrast-enhanced abdominal multislice computerized tomography (MSCT) and had histopathologically confirmed appendicitis after an appendectomy were included in this study. To evaluate the value of MSCT, we created a control group, which consisted of 81 patients who had contrast-enhanced MSCT for other reasons and had no clinical and radiological findings suspicious for acute appendicitis and also had no other abdominal pathology that might interfere with ileocolic artery and vein diameter.

Which external fixation method is better for the treatment of tibial shaft fractures due to gunshot injury?

Introduction: The present study aimed to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes of AO type monolateral external fixator (AO-EF) and Ilizarov type external fixator (I-EF) in definitive fixation of tibial shaft fractures due to gunshot injury.

Hypothesis: Patients undergoing I-EF would have faster fracture healing with the help of early weight-bearing and the functional scores would be better compared to AO-EF.

Material And Methods: The study consisted of 76 (67M, 9F) patients who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2016 for tibial shaft fracture due to low-velocity gunshot injury (LVGI).

Treatment of rectus sheath hematomas: Eight years of single-center experience with a review of literature.

Background: Rectus sheath hematoma is a rare and frequently misdiagnosed cause of acute abdominal pain. In the management of the patients with rectus sheath hematoma, which are mostly with advanced age and comorbid diseases, positive results can be obtained by avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures with correct diagnosis and treatment approaches. The presented study aims to contribute to the lack of algorithms and optimal treatment strategies in the management of rectus sheath hematoma patients with the description of our experience in their management.

Copeptin levels predict left ventricular systolic function in STEMI patients: A 2D speckle tracking echocardiography-based prospective observational study.

In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether copeptin values on admission are related to left ventricle (LV) systolic function and its improvement at 6 months in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.In this single-center, prospective observational study, we included 122 STEMI patients from January 2016 to November 2016. LV systolic functions in the form of global longitudinal strain (GLS) in addition to conventional echocardiography parameters were evaluated on admission and at 6-month.

Nation-wide analysis of the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on daily urology practice in Turkey.

Objective: To present a nation-wide analysis of the workload of urology departments in Turkey week-by-week during Covid-19 pandemic.

Methodology: The centres participating in the study were divided into three groups as tertiary referral centres, state hospitals and private practice hospitals. The number of outpatients, inpatients, daily interventions and urological surgeries were recorded prospectively between 9-March-2020 and 31-May-2020.

Examination of protective and therapeutic effects of ruscogenin on cerulein-induced experimental acute pancreatitis in rats.

Purpose: To determine the potential protective and therapeutic effects and action mechanism of ruscogenin on cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) model in rats.

Methods: Overall, 32 rats were attenuated to the sham (2-mL/kg/day isotonic solution for 4 weeks), control (20-µg/kg cerulein-induced AP for 12 hours), prophylaxis groups (cerulein-induced AP following 3-mL/kg/day ruscogenin for 4 weeks) and treatment (3-mL/kg/day ruscogenin following cerulein-induced AP for 12 hours). Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1/neuronal NOS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1).

Unilateral Synchronous Multiple Kidney Tumors Managed by Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: Five-year Follow-up.

Unilateral synchronous multifocal renal tumors are rare. Due to the limited data in the literature and challenges in the technique, there is still doubt on the application of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for the management of such tumors. Herein, we report a 36-year male patient presenting with right-sided flank pain and microscopic hematuria.