18,137 results match your criteria: "Iceland; Landspitali National University Hospital[Affiliation]"
Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analysis of 9619 Cases With Tic Disorders.
Biol Psychiatry
October 2024
Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Community Health and Epidemiology & Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Tic disorders (TD) can significantly affect individuals and society, and understanding their genetic causes could lead to better treatments, as family history is a key risk factor.
- A large-scale GWAS meta-analysis was conducted with nearly 10,000 TD cases and over 981,000 controls, revealing a significant genetic association, though it couldn't be replicated in another study.
- The findings suggest a complex genetic landscape for TD, highlighting certain genes and brain regions involved, but additional research is needed to firmly establish reliable genetic links.
Utilize proteomic analysis to identify potential therapeutic targets for combating sepsis and sepsis-related death.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
October 2024
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
Article Synopsis
- Sepsis is a severe inflammatory condition that needs better treatment options, and proteomic research is key for finding drug targets associated with it.* -
- Genetic data from over 35,000 individuals were used to conduct a series of analyses linking plasma proteins to sepsis, ultimately identifying 30 proteins with potential relevance.* -
- Of these proteins, only 2 had strong associations with sepsis across various studies, highlighting the need for further research to validate their roles in the disease and its mortality.*
2024 EACTS Guidelines on perioperative medication in adult cardiac surgery.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg
October 2024
Department of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiovascular Research, Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute, Belgrade, Serbia.
Standardised and hierarchically classified heart failure and complementary disease monitoring outcome measures: european Unified Registries for heart Care evaluation and randomised trials (EuroHeart).
Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes
October 2024
Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Article Synopsis
- * A working group, including experts from the European Society of Cardiology, conducted a systematic review and reached consensus on mandatory (Level 1) and optional (Level 2) measures through a Delphi process.
- * The final catalogue includes five Level 1 and two Level 2 outcome measures, along with five additional monitoring outcomes, which will enhance research quality and improve heart failure care.
Access to health and rights of children in street situations and working children: a scoping review.
BMJ Paediatr Open
October 2024
Department of Community Paediatrics, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Street and working children (SWC) face numerous challenges, including violence and limited access to healthcare, highlighting the need for better understanding of their rights in this area.
- The study conducted extensive research from 2000 to present, identifying 35 relevant studies that primarily focused on aspects like trafficking and exploitation, mostly in Africa and the USA.
- Findings show that barriers such as cost, stigma, and legal issues hinder healthcare access for SWC, while support and proactive healthcare use can facilitate access; there is an urgent need for improved training for healthcare professionals to address these issues.
Antiviral Treatment and Risk of Hearing Loss in Asymptomatic and Mild Symptomatic Infants With Congenital Cytomegalovirus.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
October 2024
From the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate hearing outcomes at 24 months for infants with mild congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection, comparing those who received antiviral treatment to those who did not.
- Utilizing data from the European Registry of Children with cCMV, researchers included infants diagnosed with cCMV early in life, who had normal physical exams and mild imaging findings.
- Results showed that 34.7% of the 196 participants received antiviral treatment, but there was no significant difference in hearing loss prevalence between treated (4.6%) and untreated groups (6.3%) after two years.
Advancing Cartilage Tissue Engineering: A Review of 3D Bioprinting Approaches and Bioink Properties.
Tissue Eng Part B Rev
October 2024
School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavík University, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Articular cartilage is crucial in human physiology, and its degeneration poses a significant public health challenge. While recent advancements in 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering show promise for cartilage regeneration, there remains a gap between research findings and clinical application. This review critically examines the mechanical and biological properties of hyaline cartilage, along with current 3D manufacturing methods and analysis techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoverage of community-wide mass drug administration platforms for soil-transmitted helminths in Benin, India, and Malawi: findings from the DeWorm3 project.
Infect Dis Poverty
October 2024
The DeWorm3 Project, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) affect approximately 1.5 billion people globally. The current STH control strategy is annual or twice-annual preventive chemotherapy, typically school-based deworming targeting children and women of reproductive age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTime for a new framework that treats obesity in children as an adiposity-based chronic disease.
Nat Med
December 2024
European Association for the Study of Obesity, Teddington, UK.
Postpartum Psychiatric Outcomes and Sick Leave After Discontinuing SSRI or SNRI in Pregnancy.
JAMA Netw Open
October 2024
Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- Many pregnant women stop taking important medications called SSRIs and SNRIs, which help with depression and anxiety, and this affects their health after having a baby.
- Researchers studied nearly 28,000 pregnant women in Sweden to see how stopping these medications impacted their mental health and time off work after childbirth.
- They found that about half of the women stopped using these medications, and those who did were often younger, less educated, and more likely to have smoked during pregnancy.
Psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in an Icelandic community sample.
Nord J Psychiatry
November 2024
Faculty of Psychology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Purpose: The current paper aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Icelandic translation of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, for both parent and teacher reports. SDQ is a widely used questionnaire for screening mental problems among youth. However, only a few studies have conducted a factor analysis on the youngest and oldest cohorts using an adequate sample size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSilane and acid etch cross contamination of dentin and composite reduced µ-tensile bond strength.
Biomater Investig Dent
October 2024
Nordic Institute of Dental Materials, Oslo, Norway.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to examine how acid etch and silane contamination affect the bond strength of composite materials when repairing teeth and their adhesion to dentin.
- Forty composite blocks were tested under different contamination conditions and treated with various adhesives, revealing that Bis-Silane treatment improved bond strength, while acid contamination weakened it.
- Results showed that silane contamination on dentin negatively impacted the bond strength, and additional cleaning attempts did not restore strength; the majority of failures were adhesive in nature.
The association between patterns of exposure to adverse life events and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study of 140,997 individuals.
Transl Psychiatry
October 2024
Department of Nephrology and Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers categorized participants into five patterns of life event exposure and found that higher exposure, especially from childhood to adulthood, increased the risk of CKD compared to those with low exposure.
- * Genetic factors played a role in how adverse events influenced CKD risk, highlighting the need for personalized approaches in preventing the disease based on both psychological and genetic backgrounds.
Molecular Pathology of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 in Iceland.
Mol Genet Genomic Med
October 2024
Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Landspítali-National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Background: Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disease with anticipation due to increased number of CTG repeats in the DMPK gene.
Methods: This retrospective, cohort study in Iceland assessed prevalence of DM1, molecular pathology, and patient ascertainment. Data was collected from all major hospitals in Iceland, Medical Director of Health, and independent clinics.
The appropriateness of many high-cost loan regulations depends on whether demand is driven by financial conditions ("misfortunes") or imperfect decisions ("mistakes"). Bank records from Iceland show borrowers have especially low liquidity just before getting a loan. Borrowers exhibit lower decision-making ability (DMA) in linked choice experiments: 45% of loan dollars go to the bottom 20% of the DMA distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic analysis of intracranial and subcortical brain volumes yields polygenic scores accounting for variation across ancestries.
medRxiv
August 2024
Brain & Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Subcortical brain structures play a crucial role in various disorders, and a study analyzed the genetic basis of brain volumes in nearly 75,000 individuals of European ancestry, revealing 254 loci linked to these volumes.
- The research identified significant gene expression in neural cells, relating to brain aging and signaling, and found that polygenic scores could predict brain volumes across different ancestries.
- The study highlights genetic connections between brain volumes and conditions like Parkinson's disease and ADHD, suggesting specific gene expression patterns could be involved in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Prospective study of risk factors for community-acquired acute kidney injury.
Eur J Intern Med
January 2025
Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland; Section of Nephrology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- This study looked at why some people get a kind of kidney injury called community-acquired acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) when they visit the hospital.
- It found that taking certain over-the-counter pain relievers, especially nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can make people more likely to get CA-AKI.
- The researchers also noted that things like vomiting, diarrhea, diabetes, and smoking may increase the risk of this kidney injury, showing that both health problems and some medicines can be important to consider.
New-onset atrial fibrillation after coronary surgery and stroke risk: a nationwide cohort study.
Heart
December 2024
Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- * Among over 10,000 patients with POAF, those not taking oral anticoagulation (OAC) had a 3.1% risk of ischaemic stroke within one year, with factors like age, prior stroke, myocardial infarction, and heart failure significantly increasing stroke risk.
- * The ATRIA score showed slightly better predictive ability for stroke risk compared to the CHADS-VASc score, but many patients
Article Synopsis
- * Recent efforts to stop smoking haven't been put into action yet, and it’s important to see what could happen if smoking rates stay the same or improve.
- * Researchers used models to predict health outcomes by 2050 based on different scenarios of smoking rates, showing that cutting smoking could greatly improve health and life expectancy.
There was no call for immediate implementation of "Tetris" in clinical practice: Response to the commentary by Halvorsen et al. (2024).
Mol Psychiatry
January 2025
Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland.
Arid, mosaic environments during the Plio-Pleistocene transition and early hominin dispersals in northern Africa.
Nat Commun
October 2024
Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA), Tarragona, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- The earliest evidence of hominins in northern Africa dates back to around 2.44 million years ago, yet the environmental context during this time is still not well understood compared to other regions of Africa.
- The Guefaït-4 fossil site in eastern Morocco offers new insights, revealing the presence of C plants and indicating a diverse landscape that included grasslands, forests, wetlands, and periods of dryness.
- This variety in habitats likely supported both mammals and early hominins, emphasizing the need to consider local microhabitats in studies of species movement and environmental adaptation.
Intact Fish Skin Graft to Treat Deep Diabetic Foot Ulcers.
NEJM Evid
December 2024
CERITD (Center for Study and Research for Improvement of the Treatment of Diabetes), Bioparc-Genopole Evry-Corbeil, 91042 Evry, France.
Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are chronic, difficult to heal, and potentially life-threatening. Few medical devices have been studied in diabetic ulcers penetrating to bone or tendon.
Methods: We conducted an international, open-label randomized controlled trial, randomly assigning patients with diabetic ulcers penetrating to bone, joint, or tendon 1:1 to intact fish skin graft or standard wound care, with assigned treatment applied through 14 weeks.
Trigeminal neuralgia and its comorbidities: a nationwide disease trajectory study.
Pain
October 2024
Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the risk factors and comorbidities related to trigeminal neuralgia, a painful condition affecting facial nerves, highlighting its higher prevalence in women.
- Utilizing data from 7.2 million individuals in Denmark from 1994 to 2018, researchers compared those with trigeminal neuralgia against 10,000 controls to find associated diseases, revealing 27 potential comorbidities linked with the condition.
- It was found that treatment with carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine heightened the risk of ischemic stroke, indicating that healthcare providers should assess vascular risks in patients diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia.
Warming reduces trophic diversity in high-latitude food webs.
Glob Chang Biol
October 2024
Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how rising temperatures due to climate change affect ecosystems, particularly freshwater food webs in high-latitude regions like Iceland and Russia.
- Researchers conducted natural experiments in 14 streams with temperature increases of up to 20°C, discovering that warmer streams had less trophic diversity and a shift towards more reliance on local (autochthonous) carbon sources.
- The findings suggest that higher temperatures lead to simpler food webs, confirming predictions about the impacts of global warming on freshwater ecosystems at large scales.
European pollen reanalysis, 1980-2022, for alder, birch, and olive.
Sci Data
October 2024
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
The dataset presents a 43 year-long reanalysis of pollen seasons for three major allergenic genera of trees in Europe: alder (Alnus), birch (Betula), and olive (Olea). Driven by the meteorological reanalysis ERA5, the atmospheric composition model SILAM predicted the flowering period and calculated the Europe-wide dispersion pattern of pollen for the years 1980-2022. The model applied an extended 4-dimensional variational data assimilation of in-situ observations of aerobiological networks in 34 European countries to reproduce the inter-annual variability and trends of pollen production and distribution.
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