Hyponatremia in Heart Failure: Pathogenesis and Management.

Hyponatremia is a very common electrolyte abnormality, associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). Two opposite processes can result in hyponatremia in this setting: Volume overload with dilutional hypervolemic hyponatremia from congestion, and hypovolemic hyponatremia from excessive use of natriuretics. These two conditions require different therapeutic approaches.

Prevalence, Presentation, and Associated Conditions of Patients With Fibromuscular Dysplasia.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is defined by focal narrowing of small and medium-sized arteries due to an idiopathic, noninflammatory, nonatherosclerotic vascular disease. The population-based prevalence of FMD remains unknown. Using the National Inpatient Sample database, we evaluated the prevalence, clinical presentation, mortality, and associated conditions of FMD from January 1, 2004, to September 30, 2015.

Conditions and Factors Associated With Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (from a National Population-Based Cohort Study).

The pathophysiology of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is heterogeneous, associated with systemic arteriopathies and inflammatory diseases, and often compounded by environmental precipitants, genetics, or stressors. However, the frequency of these associated conditions with SCAD on a population level remains unknown. Therefore, the objective of this analysis was to evaluate heterogeneous phenotypes of SCAD in the United States using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample collected from January 1, 2004, to September 31, 2015.

Meta-Analysis Comparing Frequency of Overweight Versus Normal Weight in Patients With New-Onset Heart Failure.

Association between obesity and new-onset heart failure (HF) has repeatedly been established. Less is known about the risk of overweight with the development of HF. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the association between overweight, obesity, and the incidence of new-onset HF.

The rise of artificial intelligence and the uncertain future for physicians.

Physicians in everyday clinical practice are under pressure to innovate faster than ever because of the rapid, exponential growth in healthcare data. "Big data" refers to extremely large data sets that cannot be analyzed or interpreted using traditional data processing methods. In fact, big data itself is meaningless, but processing it offers the promise of unlocking novel insights and accelerating breakthroughs in medicine-which in turn has the potential to transform current clinical practice.