In older patients with AF and frailty, switching from VKA to NOAC therapy increased a composite of major or CRNM bleeding at 12 mo.

Joosten LP, van Doorn S, van de Ven PM, et al. Circulation. 2024;149:279-289.

In AF, underdosing of DOACs was not linked to reduced bleeding.

Caso V, de Groot JR, Sanmartin Fernandez M, et al. Heart. 2023;109:178-85.

DDR2 coordinates EMT and metabolic reprogramming as a shared effector of FOXQ1 and SNAI1.

While multiple transcription factors (TFs) have been recognized to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer, their interdependence and context-dependent functions are poorly understood. In this study, we show that FOXQ1 and SNAI1 act as independent TFs within the EMT program with a shared ability to upregulate common EMT TFs without reciprocally impacting the expression of one another. Despite this independence, human mammary epithelial cells (HMLE) with ectopic expression of either FOXQ1 or SNAI1 share a common gene set that is enriched for a DDR2 coexpression signature.

FOXQ1 recruits the MLL complex to activate transcription of EMT and promote breast cancer metastasis.

Aberrant expression of the Forkhead box transcription factor, FOXQ1, is a prevalent mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis in multiple carcinoma types. However, it remains unknown how FOXQ1 regulates gene expression. Here, we report that FOXQ1 initiates EMT by recruiting the MLL/KMT2 histone methyltransferase complex as a transcriptional coactivator.

A Possible Stroke Victim from Pharaonic Egypt.

Objective: We describe the consequences of a stroke in an adult mummy from ancient Egypt including the differential diagnosis. To our knowledge this is the oldest hemiparalysis to be published in the scientific literature.

Methods: The mummy, from the 25th Dynasty (c.

Post-TKA abelacimab reduced VTE at 8 to 12 d compared with enoxaparin.

Verhamme P, Yi BA, Segers A, et al. N Engl J Med. 2021;385:609-17.

Intubation outcomes and practice trends during the initial New York SARS-COV-19 surge at an academic, level 1 trauma, urban emergency department.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to describe outcomes and associated characteristics of patients who were intubated during the initial (3/2020-4/2020) New York City surge of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic, during which time we were confronted by an unknown and unprecedented respiratory distress syndrome with extremely high degrees of morbidity and mortality. Our secondary aim was to analyze our physician's rapidly evolving approaches to COVID-19 airway management.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of all patients intubated at two emergency departments (EDs) for COVID-19 suspected respiratory failure.

Seeking recognition through carceral health care bureaucracy: Analysis of medical care request forms in a County Jail.

People experiencing incarceration in the U.S. have a constitutional right to have access to health care.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Cardiovascular Disease: State of the Science, Knowledge Gaps, and Research Opportunities.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by a persistent maladaptive reaction after exposure to severe psychological trauma. Traumatic events that may precipitate PTSD include violent personal assaults, natural and human-made disasters, and exposure to military combat or warfare. There is a growing body of evidence for associations of PTSD with major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as hypertension and diabetes, as well as with major CVD outcomes, such as myocardial infarction and heart failure.

Developmental window of vulnerability to white matter injury driven by sublethal intermittent hypoxemia.

Background: In the developing brain, the death of immature oligodendrocytes (OLs) has been proposed to explain a developmental window for vulnerability to white matter injury (WMI). However, in neonatal mice, chronic sublethal intermittent hypoxia (IH) recapitulates the phenotype of diffuse WMI without affecting cellular viability. This work determines whether, in neonatal mice, a developmental window of WMI vulnerability exists in the absence of OLs lineage cellular death.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Permeability Transition in Neonatal Brain and Lung Injuries.

This review discusses the potential mechanistic role of abnormally elevated mitochondrial proton leak and mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neonatal brain and lung injuries associated with premature birth. Providing supporting evidence, we hypothesized that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to postnatal alveolar developmental arrest in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and cerebral myelination failure in diffuse white matter injury (WMI). This review also analyzes data on mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by activation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore(s) (mPTP) during the evolution of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Nicotine, smoking, podocytes, and diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Besides glycemic and blood pressure control, environmental factors such as cigarette smoking (CS) adversely affect the progression of DN. The effects of CS on DN progression have been attributed to combustion-generated molecules without consideration to the role of nicotine (NIC), responsible for the addictive properties of both CS and electronic cigarettes (ECs).

The genomics of childhood eating behaviours.

Eating behaviours may be expressions of genetic risk for obesity and are potential antecedents of later eating disorders. However, childhood eating behaviours are heterogeneous and transient. Here we show associations between polygenic scores for body mass index (BMI-PGS) and anorexia nervosa (AN-PGS) with eating behaviour trajectories during the first 10 years of life using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), n = 7,825.

Health-Related Social Needs Among Emergency Department Patients with HIV.

Little research has examined the health-related social needs of emergency department (ED) patients who have HIV. We surveyed a random sample of public hospital ED patients and compared the social needs of patients with and without HIV. Social needs were high among all ED patients, but patients with HIV reported significantly higher levels of food insecurity (65.

Physical Activity, Sleep-related Behaviors and Severity of Symptoms in Schizophrenia.

The beneficial effects of a healthy sleep hygiene and regular physical activity have both been noted in improving psychopathology symptom severity. No study to date however, has evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of both sleep and exercise simultaneously in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. To examine the two variables concurrently, in the present report, patients with diagnoses of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 64), were administered assessments that measured both their physical activity and sleep-related behaviors.

Eating behavior trajectories in the first 10 years of life and their relationship with BMI.

Background: Child eating behaviors are highly heterogeneous and their longitudinal impact on childhood weight is unclear. The objective of this study was to characterize eating behaviors during the first 10 years of life and evaluate associations with BMI at age 11 years.

Method: Data were parental reports of eating behaviors from 15 months to age 10 years (n = 12,048) and standardized body mass index (zBMI) at age 11 years (n = 4884) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.

Identifying typical trajectories in longitudinal data: modelling strategies and interpretations.

Individual-level longitudinal data on biological, behavioural, and social dimensions are becoming increasingly available. Typically, these data are analysed using mixed effects models, with the result summarised in terms of an average trajectory plus measures of the individual variations around this average. However, public health investigations would benefit from finer modelling of these individual variations which identify not just one average trajectory, but several typical trajectories.

RNA-binding protein CUGBP1 controls the differential INSR splicing in molecular subtypes of breast cancer cells and affects cell aggressiveness.

The insulin receptor gene (INSR) undergoes alternative splicing to give rise to two functionally related, but also distinct, isoforms IR-A and IR-B, which dictate proliferative and metabolic regulations, respectively. Previous studies identified the RNA-binding protein CUGBP1 as a key regulator of INSR splicing. In this study, we show that the differential splicing of INSR occurs more frequently in breast cancer than in non-tumor breast tissues.