47 results match your criteria: "IWK Children's Hospital[Affiliation]"

Background: Fertility Preservation (FP) for children and adolescents with cancer is underutilized. In prepubertal individuals, ovarian and testicular tissue can be frozen; however, this is still considered largely experimental. Our objective was to identify trends of FP in prepubertal individuals.

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Unlabelled: Compositional analysis of the intestinal microbiome in pre-schoolers is understudied. Effects of probiotics on the gut microbiota were evaluated in children under 4-years-old presenting to an emergency department with acute gastroenteritis. Included were 70 study participants (n=32 placebo, n=38 probiotics) with stool specimens at baseline (day 0), day 5, and after a washout period (day 28).

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Towards an Adaptive Clinical Transcription System for In-Situ Transcribing of Patient Encounter Information.

Stud Health Technol Inform

June 2022

NICHE Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Electronic patient charts are essential for follow-up and multi-disciplinary care, but either take up an exorbitant amount of time during the patient encounter using a key-stroke entry system, or suffer from poor recall when made long after the encounter. Transcribing in-situ, natural dictations by the clinician, recorded during the encounter, with minimal workflow impact, is a promising solution. However, human transcription requires significant manual resources, whereas automated transcription currently lacks the accuracy for specialized clinical language.

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Introduction: Diffuse hyperplastic perilobar nephroblastomatosis (DHPLN) represents a unique category of nephroblastomatosis. Treatment has ranged from observation to multiple regimens of chemotherapy. Wilms tumors (WTs) develop in 100% of untreated patients and between 32 and 52% of treated patients.

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Background: A primary objective of Children's Oncology Group study AREN0534 (Treatment for Patients With Multicentric or Bilaterally Predisposed, Unilateral Wilms Tumor) was to facilitate partial nephrectomy in 25% of children with bilaterally predisposed unilateral tumors (Wilms tumor/aniridia/genitourinary anomalies/range of developmental delays [WAGR] syndrome; and multifocal and overgrowth syndromes). The purpose of this prospective study was to achieve excellent event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) while preserving renal tissue through preoperative chemotherapy, completing definitive surgery by 12 weeks from diagnosis, and modifying postoperative chemotherapy based on histologic response.

Methods: The treating institution identified whether a predisposition syndrome existed.

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Fad over fatality? The hazards of amber teething necklaces.

Paediatr Child Health

April 2018

School of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Objective: Despite a growing number of injuries, no studies exist to date that quantitatively assess the strangulation risk of amber teething necklaces. The objectives of this study are to determine (a) if these necklaces release with the force required according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Specification for Consumer Product Safety for Mechanical Requirements of Children's Jewelry, and (b) if they release with the mean force required to occlude a young child's airway, as determined in a study designed to inform manufacturing of products to reduce risk of accidental strangulation.

Methods: Fifteen amber teething necklaces were purchased from retailers in Atlantic Canada.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Medulloblastoma is the leading malignant brain tumor in children, with a general survival rate of about 70%, but outcomes after recurrence are not well-documented.
  • - An observational study in Canada from 1990 to 2009 tracked 550 children under 18 diagnosed with this cancer, revealing 1-year survival rates of 83.6%, falling to 72.5% at 5 years.
  • - Among the 31.2% of patients who experienced tumor recurrence, survival rates drastically decreased, with only 12.4% surviving at 5 years post-recurrence, highlighting the urgent need for new treatment strategies.
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Results of the First Prospective Multi-institutional Treatment Study in Children With Bilateral Wilms Tumor (AREN0534): A Report From the Children's Oncology Group.

Ann Surg

September 2017

*Section of Pediatric Surgery CS Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI †COG Data Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL ‡Texas Children's Cancer Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX §Fred Hutchison Cancer Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA ¶Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL ||Northwestern University, Chicago, IL **Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Washington DC ††Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Center, Boston, MA ‡‡Washington University of St Louis, St Louis, MO §§University of Washington, Seattle, WA ¶¶MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX ||||Children's Oncology Group, Philadelphia, PA ***Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH †††University of Alberta Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada ‡‡‡IWK Children's Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada §§§Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ ¶¶¶Children National Medical Center, Washington, DC.

Objective: The Children's Oncology Group study AREN0534 aimed to improve event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) while preserving renal tissue by intensifying preoperative chemotherapy, completing definitive surgery by 12 weeks from diagnosis, and modifying postoperative chemotherapy based on histologic response.

Background: No prospective therapeutic clinic trials in children with bilateral Wilms tumors (BWT) exist. Historical outcomes for this group were poor and often involved prolonged chemotherapy; on NWTS-5, 4-year EFS for all children with BWT was 56%.

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The treatment of medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor in children, has evolved over the last few decades. The objectives of this paper were to determine the survival of pediatric medulloblastoma in Canada, to determine if there has been an improvement in the survival rates between the years of 1990 and 2009, inclusive, and to determine prognostic factors for survival. All patients under the age of 18 years diagnosed with medulloblastoma from 1990 to 2009, inclusive, in Canada were included.

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Pineal apoplexy: is it a facilitator for the development of pineal cysts?

Can J Neurol Sci

February 2003

IWK Children's Hospital, Dalhousie University, Division of Neurosurgery, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Background: The radiographic identification of pineal cysts has increased dramatically within the last two decades due to the advent of magnetic resonance imaging. Pineal cysts are often found incidentally with only a minority of these lesions ever becoming symptomatic and requiring treatment. Many theories attempting to explain the pathogenesis of these cysts exist.

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Peer relationships, social skills, self-esteem, parental psychopathology, and family functioning of children with Tourette's disorder and a chronic disease control group of children with diabetes mellitus were compared. Children with Tourette's disorder had poorer peer relationships than their classmates and were more likely to have extreme scores reflecting increased risk for peer relationship problems than children with diabetes mellitus, but did not report self-esteem problems or social skills deficits. Measures of peer relationships were not related to severity or duration of tics.

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Case report: congenital retroperitoneal fibrosarcoma.

Med Pediatr Oncol

January 1997

Department of Hematology/Oncology, IWK Children's Hospital, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

We report a case of congenital retroperitoneal fibrosarcoma presenting in a 17-day-old male in which surgical tumor debulking was followed by chemotherapy. His clinical course was complicated. Intraoperatively, 80% of the tumor was removed and he experienced massive blood loss and significant cardiac arrhythmias.

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Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans and neuropsychological assessments of 17 children who met the NIH consensus diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis Type 1 were carried out in order to determine if there is a relationship between presence of high intensity signal abnormalities on MRI scans and nonverbal cognitive deficits. Cranial MRI scans in 10 patients (58.8%) demonstrated high intensity signal abnormalities, most frequently in the cerebral peduncles.

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Factors in the early failure of cryopreserved homograft pulmonary valves in children: preserved immunogenicity?

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg

November 1996

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, IWK Children's Hospital, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Methods: Between 1990 and 1995, 48 homograft valves (15 aortic and 33 pulmonary), cryopreserved on-site, were implanted to reconstruct the right ventricular outflow tracts in 44 children (mean age 6.2 +/- 6.0 years; range 3 days to 20.

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Purpose: To define the risk of seizure recurrence (RSR) that families and physicians would accept before discontinuing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for children with controlled epilepsy.

Methods: A questionnaire was completed by families of 76 children with epilepsy > or = 3 months seizure-free and by their attending epilepsy specialist (n = 4).

Results: Forty-two percent of families were unwilling to discontinue AEDs with an RSR of 25%.

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An observational asthma study alters emergency department use: the Hawthorne effect.

Pediatr Emerg Care

April 1996

IWK Children's Hospital Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

The objective of this study was to document that an observational study decreases the use of the emergency department (ED) for asthma. Comparison of rates between an audit and prospective period were used at a regional referral pediatric hospital ED. A total of 526 asthma visits from February 12, 1992, to April 10, 1992, were examined in an initial audit and compared to 725 visits during a prospective study from May 16, 1993, to September 29, 1993.

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Using a single-patient (n = 1) clinical trial, we studied a 7-year-old boy who presented with unsatisfactory progress in school and whose electroencephalogram had very active independent frontal spike discharges. He had not had clinical seizures. The patient was randomized to receive valproic acid, 125 mg twice daily, (four periods) or matching placebo (four periods) over 8 weeks.

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This study reports follow-up data from 24 teenagers (mean age = 17 years; 11 boys and 13 girls) who had participated in a study of phonological analysis and reading and spelling abilities 11 years earlier, when they were enrolled in kindergarten. The results indicated that phonological awareness ability assessed during kindergarten (via the Auditory Analysis Test) was a significant predictor of word identification and spelling skills 11 years later, when both socioeconomic status and vocabulary development were controlled. In contrast, socioeconomic status, vocabulary development, word recognition, and spelling achievement assessed at kindergarten were not significantly correlated with reading and spelling achievement 11 years later.

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This single-case, multiple-control study illustrates the clinical use of ERPs as part of the linguistic and cognitive assessment of individuals who are unable to provide verbal or motor responses due to their multiple handicaps. The single-word receptive vocabulary of a 17-year-old patient with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and three age-matched controls was measured using an event-related potential (ERP) paradigm. The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R) was adapted for computer presentation, with three levels of difficulty (Preschool, Child, Adult).

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Probability, risk, and care of pediatric patients with epilepsy.

Semin Pediatr Neurol

December 1994

Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, IWK Children's Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Physicians must apprise their patients of the risks associated with epilepsy and its management. Probability is integral to this communication. The way in which parents perceive and understand this information comprises the area of risk perception.

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Fifteen consecutive patients with the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) phenotype were studied. Each patient was asked to undergo an ophthalmic examination, an electroretinogram (ERG), and to donate a blood sample for molecular diagnosis. All 15 patients had a normal ophthalmic examination.

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