Postoperative atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery in severe obesity: the added value of waist circumference.

Introduction: Obesity is an independent risk factor for postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. POAF in patients with severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35 kg/m) is less studied. Whether waist circumference (WC) improves prediction of POAF independently of BMI among patients with severe obesity remains unknown.

Descriptive analysis of durvalumab use in unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer in patients treated in Quebec's University teaching hospitals.

Introduction: Consolidation durvalumab post chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) has been demonstrated to improve survival in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Real-world data to assess its use and impact on patients, particularly in Quebec, remain limited.

Methods: We, therefore, aimed to assess real-world durvalumab use in inoperable stage III NSCLC in Quebec, to describe progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes as reported in the PACIFIC trial, and to evaluate safety and toxicity.

2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.

In the last three decades, ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become an evidence-based safe and efficacious treatment for managing the most common cardiac arrhythmia. In 2007, the first joint expert consensus document was issued, guiding healthcare professionals involved in catheter or surgical AF ablation. Mounting research evidence and technological advances have resulted in a rapidly changing landscape in the field of catheter and surgical AF ablation, thus stressing the need for regularly updated versions of this partnership which were issued in 2012 and 2017.

State-of-the-Art Review of Aortic Root Reconstruction: Contemporary Techniques and Challenges.

Aortic root reconstruction operations have undergone substantial evolution with technical modifications, expanding indications, and the need for increasingly complex decision-making. The purpose of this state-of-the-art review is to detail our approach to contemporary aortic root reconstruction operations. First, we review the evolution of root reconstruction procedures over the years and discuss the approach to the aortic root patient for lifetime management of aneurysm and valvular disease in the modern context of management options.

Impact of Predation by Ciliate on Conjugation in subsp. .

Background/objectives: Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) spread is driven by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Ciliated protozoa may contribute to this process, as their predation has been shown to facilitate HGT in certain bacteria. Here, this phenomenon was further investigated using subsp.

Gastrointestinal cancer resistance to treatment: the role of microbiota.

The most common illnesses that adversely influence human health globally are gastrointestinal malignancies. The prevalence of gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) is relatively high, and the majority of patients receive ineffective care since they are discovered at an advanced stage of the disease. A major component of the human body is thought to be the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract and the genes that make up the microbiome.

The human fecal endocannabinoidome mediator profile is mainly defined by the fecal microbiota and diet.

Background: The endocannabinoid system and its extension, the endocannabinoidome (eCBome), are involved in numerous biological processes, notably energy homeostasis, across virtually all tissues. While the circulating eCBome mediator profile is associated with dietary intakes and metabolic status, an important knowledge gap resides in the identification of the precise determinants of these mediators in the gut lumen. We aimed at establishing the profile of eCBome mediators in human feces and investigating their association with circulating eCBome mediators, dietary intakes, metabolic status and gut microbiota composition.

Camu-camu decreases hepatic steatosis and liver injury markers in overweight, hypertriglyceridemic individuals: A randomized crossover trial.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the adult population with no effective drug treatments available. Previous animal studies reported that a polyphenol-rich extract from the Amazonian berry camu-camu (CC) prevented hepatic steatosis in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. This study aims to determine the impact of CC on hepatic steatosis (primary outcome) and evaluate changes in metabolic and gut microbiota profiles (exploratory outcomes).

Effects of 1,144 km of road cycling performed in 7 days: a cardiometabolic imaging study.

This cardiometabolic imaging study was designed to document the adaptation of middle-aged recreational cyclists to a large exercise prescription not aiming at weight loss. Eleven middle-aged recreational male cyclists traveled 1,144 km over seven consecutive days. A comprehensive cardiometabolic profile including visceral and ectopic adiposity assessed by magnetic resonance imaging was obtained at baseline and following the exercise week.

Effects of Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy on Weight Loss, Eating Behaviors, and Weight Concern Eight Months Postsurgery.

Objectives: Following vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), the role of eating behaviors in weight regain remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of VSG on excess weight loss (EWL) and five eating-related variables (food addiction, disinhibition, susceptibility to hunger, dietary restraint, and weight concern) while exploring their associations before and eight months post-surgery.

Materials And Methods: A sample of 76 participants who underwent VSG was recruited from a healthcare center in Quebec, Canada.

Multimarker Approach to Improve Risk Stratification of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Background: A blood multimarker approach may be useful to enhance risk stratification in patients undergoing TAVI.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prognostic value of multiple blood biomarkers in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) patients.

Methods: In this prospective study, several blood biomarkers of cardiovascular function, inflammation, and renal function were measured in 362 patients who underwent TAVI.

The human milk endocannabinoidome and neonatal growth in gestational diabetes.

Objective: Endocannabinoids and their -acyl-ethanolamines (NAEs) and 2monoacyl-glycerols (2-MAGs) congeners are involved in the central and peripheral regulation of energy homeostasis, they are present in human milk and are associated with obesity. Infants exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are more likely to develop obesity. The objective of this cross-sectional study is to compare the profile of eCBome mediators in milk of women with gestational diabetes (GDM+) and without (GDM-) and to assess the association with offspring growth.

Centroid of the bacterial growth curves: a metric to assess phage efficiency.

Phage replication can be studied using various approaches, including measuring the optical density (OD) of a bacterial culture in a liquid medium in the presence of phages. A few quantitative methods are available to measure and compare the efficiency of phages by using a single index based on the analysis of OD curves. However, these methods are not always applicable to non-canonical OD curves.

Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A for the Prevention of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Epicardial injection of botulinum toxin may suppress POAF.

Objectives: This study sought to assess the safety and efficacy of AGN-151607 for the prevention of POAF after cardiac surgery.

The gut microbiome-prostate cancer crosstalk is modulated by dietary polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids.

The gut microbiota modulates response to hormonal treatments in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, but whether it influences PCa progression remains unknown. Here, we show a reduction in fecal microbiota alpha-diversity correlating with increase tumour burden in two distinct groups of hormonotherapy naïve PCa patients and three murine PCa models. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from patients with high PCa volume is sufficient to stimulate the growth of mouse PCa revealing the existence of a gut microbiome-cancer crosstalk.

Modification of the phenyl ring B of phenyl 4-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)benzenesulfonates by pyridinyl moiety leads to novel antimitotics targeting the colchicine-binding site.

A series of 8 novel pyridinyl 4-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)benzenesulfonates (PYRIB-SOs) were designed, prepared and evaluated for their mechanism of action. PYRIB-SOs were found to have antiproliferative activity in the nanomolar to submicromolar range on several breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, subsequent biofunctional assays indicated that the most potent PYRIB-SOs 1-3 act as antimitotics binding to the colchicine-binding site (C-BS) of α, β-tubulin and that they arrest the cell cycle progression in the G2/M phase.

Effects of envelopes on cardiac implantable electronic device pocket healing: A head-to-head preclinical evaluation.

Background: The healing response to cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation results in inflammation that can lead to fibrous pocket formation, which may disrupt pocket healing or complicate future interventions.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess CIED pocket healing with use of the second-generation TYRX absorbable antibacterial envelope (T2), the next-generation (NG) TYRX absorbable antibacterial envelope under development, and the CanGaroo® extracellular matrix envelope (ECM) compared to no envelope.

Methods: A total of 110 CIEDs were implanted in an ovine model, either with (T2, NG, or ECM) or without envelopes.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease is characterized by a post-oral glucose load hyperinsulinemia in individuals with mild metabolic alterations.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been identified as risk factor of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying postprandial mechanisms remain unclear. We compared the glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, insulin secretion, and insulin clearance post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between individuals with and without MAFLD. We included 50 individuals with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 40 kg/m and ≥1 metabolic alteration: increased fasting triglycerides or insulin, plasma glucose 5.