Inverse Gini indexed averaging: A multi-leveled ensemble approach for skin lesion classification using attention-integrated customized ResNet variants.

Objective: To improve the accuracy and explainability of skin lesion detection and classification, particularly for several types of skin cancers, through a novel approach based on the convolutional neural networks with attention-integrated customized ResNet variants (CRVs) and an optimized ensemble learning (EL) strategy.

Methods: Our approach utilizes all ResNet variants combined with three attention mechanisms: channel attention, soft attention, and squeeze-excitation attention. These attention-integrated ResNet variants are aggregated through a unique multi-level EL strategy.

Proteomic analysis reveals the roles of silicon in mitigating glyphosate-induced toxicity in Brassica napus L.

Glyphosate (Gly) is a widely used herbicide for weed control in agriculture, but it can also adversely affect crops by impairing growth, reducing yield, and disrupting nutrient uptake, while inducing toxicity. Therefore, adopting integrated eco-friendly approaches and understanding the mechanisms of glyphosate tolerance in plants is crucial, as these areas remain underexplored. This study provides proteome insights into Si-mediated improvement of Gly-toxicity tolerance in Brassica napus.

Refining breast cancer classification: Customized attention integration approaches with dense and residual networks for enhanced detection.

Objective: Breast cancer detection is critical for timely and effective treatment, and automatic detection systems can significantly reduce human error and improve diagnosis speed. This study aims to develop an accurate and robust framework for classifying breast cancer into benign and malignant categories using a novel machine learning architecture.

Methods: We propose a dense-ResNet attention integration (DRAI) architecture that combines DenseNet and ResNet models with three attention mechanisms to enhance feature extraction from the BreakHis dataset.

Unmasking heavy metal contamination: Tracing, risk estimating and source fingerprinting from coastal sediments of the Payra River in Bangladesh.

The Payra River, cicual for fish breeding, feeding and nursery in coastal Bangladesh, faces heavy contamination from industrial activities, agricultural runoff and poor waste management. This study used ICP-MS to assess metal contamination levels, risk status and potential sources in river sediment. The findings showed that the mean concentrations (mg/kg) of metals followed the decreasing order: Mn (434.

Aspect based sentiment analysis datasets for Bangla text.

Sentiment analysis is becoming rapidly important for exploring social media Bangla text. The lack of sufficient resources is considered to be an important challenge for Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) of the Bangla language. The ABSA is a technique that divides the text and defines its sentiment based on its aspects.

Dual drug-loaded polymeric mixed micelles for ovarian cancer: Approach to enhanced therapeutic efficacy of albendazole and paclitaxel.

Chemotherapy resistance remains a significant challenge in treating ovarian cancer effectively. This study addresses this issue by utilizing a dual drug-loaded nanomicelle system comprising albendazole (ABZ) and paclitaxel (PTX), encapsulated in a novel carrier matrix of D-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate vitamin E (TPGS), soluplus and folic acid. Our objective was to develop and optimize this nanoparticulate delivery system using solvent evaporation techniques to enhance the therapeutic efficacy against ovarian cancer.

Nanowires: Exponential speedup in quantum computing.

This review paper examines the crucial role of nanowires in the field of quantum computing, highlighting their importance as versatile platforms for qubits and vital building blocks for creating fault-tolerant and scalable quantum information processing systems. Researchers are studying many categories of nanowires, including semiconductor, superconducting, and topological nanowires, to explore their distinct quantum features that play a role in creating various qubit designs. The paper explores the interdisciplinary character of quantum computing, combining the fields of quantum physics and materials science.

Bangla_MER: A unique dataset for Bangla mathematical entity recognition.

Mathematical entity recognition is essential for machines to define and illustrate mathematical substance faultlessly and to facilitate sufficient mathematical operations and reasoning. As mathematical entity recognition in the Bangla language is novel, to our best knowledge, there is no available dataset exists in any repository. In this paper, we present state of the art Bangla mathematical entity dataset containing 13,717 observations.

A comprehensive review on the biomedical frontiers of nanowire applications.

This comprehensive review examines the immense capacity of nanowires, nanostructures characterized by unbounded dimensions, to profoundly transform the field of biomedicine. Nanowires, which are created by combining several materials using techniques such as electrospinning and vapor deposition, possess distinct mechanical, optical, and electrical properties. As a result, they are well-suited for use in nanoscale electronic devices, drug delivery systems, chemical sensors, and other applications.

Alkaloids as drug leads in Alzheimer's treatment: Mechanistic and therapeutic insights.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has few effective treatment options and continues to be a major global health concern. AD is a neurodegenerative disease that typically affects elderly people. Alkaloids have potential sources for novel drug discovery due to their diverse chemical structures and pharmacological activities.

Neuroendocrine and cellular mechanisms in stress resilience: From hormonal influence in the CNS to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

Recent advancements in neuroendocrinology challenge the long-held belief that hormonal effects are confined to perivascular tissues and do not extend to the central nervous system (CNS). This paradigm shift, propelled by groundbreaking research, reveals that synthetic hormones, notably in anti-inflammatory medications, significantly influence steroid psychosis, behavioural, and cognitive impairments, as well as neuropeptide functions. A seminal development in this field occurred in 1968 with McEven's proposal that rodent brains are responsive to glucocorticoids, fundamentally altering the understanding of how anxiety impacts CNS functionality and leading to the identification of glucocorticosteroids and mineralocorticoids as distinct corticotropic receptors.

Targeted inhibition of colorectal cancer proliferation: The dual-modulatory role of 2,4-DTBP on anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Survivin proteins.

The anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and Survivin, are consistently overexpressed in numerous human malignancies, notably in colorectal cancer. 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound known for its diverse biological activities, including anti-cancer properties. The mechanism behind 2,4-DTBP-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells, specifically regarding Bcl-2 and Survivin, remains to be elucidated.

Integrated photovoltaic-thermal system utilizing front surface water cooling technique: An experimental performance response.

In the realm of photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) systems, optimizing operating temperatures for photovoltaic (PV) panels is a challenge. This study introduces a novel solution: a sprayed water PVT system that simultaneously harnesses energy and electricity. The aim is twofold: generate electricity through PV panels and produce hot water via a flat plate collector, using an innovative cooling mechanism.

Emerging trends in biomaterials for sustainable food packaging: A comprehensive review.

This comprehensive review investigates a variety of creative approaches in the field of sustainable food packaging biomaterials in response to growing environmental concerns and the negative effects of traditional plastic packaging. The study carefully looks at new developments in biomaterials, such as biodegradable polymers, ceramics, composites, and metal alloys, in response to the growing need for environmentally suitable substitutes. It highlights how they might replace conventional plastic packaging and lessen environmental damage.

In silico and in vitro prediction of new synthesized N-heterocyclic compounds as anti-SARS-CoV-2.

Computer-aided drug design has been employed to get the medicinal effects against Corona virus from different pyridine derivatives after synthesizing the new compounds. Additionally, various computational studies are also employed between the newly prepared pyridine derivatives and three controls against three proteins (6Y2E, 6M71 and 6M3M). Different methods were employed to synthesize new pyridine derivatives according to the literature using different reaction mediums.

Comparative studies of AgPO, AgCO and AgVO as photocatalyst for wastewater treatment: A first-principles calculation.

This study delves into the realm of photocatalysis, seeking to enhance our comprehension by conducting a thorough examination of the electronic structure, structural geometry, and optical properties exhibited by a selection of silver-based compounds. The materials under scrutiny in this investigation include AgPO, AgCO, and AgVO. The investigation commenced with an analysis of five DFT functionals - GGA with PBE, GGA with RPBE, GGA with PBEsol, GGA with PW, and GGA with WC-to preliminarily evaluate the electronic band structure and structural geometry of these predicted crystals.

Optimization and Characterization of Phenolic Extraction Conditions and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of L. Bark.

The presence of high levels of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants can significantly influence the progress of drug development. Here, we aimed to maximize phenolic extraction from L. stem bark using various solvents such as ethyl acetate, methanol, petroleum ether, and chloroform.

Global employability skills in the 21st century workplace: A semi-systematic literature review.

This study conducts a semi-systematic literature review of research pertaining to employability to identify essential employability skills that employers seek in recent graduates. The comprehensive analysis of the existing literature review aims to present a set of global employability skills, identify similarities, variations, or changes in these skills across time, and explore the most relevant existing employability skills for the 21st-century workplace. The review includes 30 years of research articles and government reports published in English and considers 25 studies based on the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews (SPAR-4-SLR).

Proteome insights of citric acid-mediated cadmium toxicity tolerance in Brassica napus L.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic substance that is uptake by plants from soils, Cd easily transfers into the food chain. Considering global food security, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and metal detoxification strategies are highly demandable for sustainable food crop production. The purpose of this study was to investigate how citric acid (CA) alleviates or tolerates Cd toxicity in Brassica using a proteome approach.