Multicenter observational study on the efficacy of selective Janus Kinase-1 inhibitor upatacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Upadacitinib (UPA) is a selective, reversible Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) approved for the treatment of RA. However, there is still no solid evidence on the long-term efficacy of UPA in treated patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of UPA to obtain remission or low disease activity (LDA) in a series of UPA patients in patients with RA after 6 and 12 months of treatment in a real-world setting.

Glycaemic control metrics and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: The aim was to examine the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and its association with glycaemic control metrics in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 244 children and adolescents with T1D (115 girls, mean age: 16.2 ± 3.

ddPCR for the Detection and Absolute Quantification of Oropouche Virus.

Background: Oropouche virus (OROV) is a segmented RNA virus belonging to the genus in the family . Herein, an in-house droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay was used for the detection and quantification of OROV.

Methods: The ddPCR reaction was assessed as duplex assay using the human housekeeping gene .

Central Nervous System Disorders with Auto-Antibodies in People Living with HIV.

People living with HIV (PLWH) may present atypical neurological complications. Recently, autoimmune manifestations of the central nervous system (CNS) have been described. We retrospectively described the features of PLWH presenting with acute neurological symptoms with positive anti-CNS antibodies.

Impact of dengue fever on depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Physical symptoms of dengue have been documented extensively, but knowledge gaps on dengue-associated mental health hazards remain. We investigated the frequency of psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, and stress) and neurocognitive performance during the first year after a dengue episode.

Methods: Using DASS-21 scores at 3, 6, and 12 months, we assessed depression, anxiety, and stress in anti-dengue IgM-positive adults and matched controls during the 2021 dengue season in Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador.

Bowel preparation before elective right colectomy: Multitreatment machine-learning analysis on 2,617 patients.

Background: In the worldwide, real-life setting, some candidates for right colectomy still receive no bowel preparation, some receive oral antibiotics alone, some receive mechanical bowel preparation alone, and some receive mechanical bowel preparation with oral antibiotics, with varying degrees of compliance to preoperative intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis. Previous studies mainly focused on left-sided colorectal anastomoses while less attention has been devoted to right-sided ileocolic anastomoses. When high-level evidence from randomized clinical trials is lacking, multiple-treatment propensity score weighting analysis of prospective data on the basis of generalized boosted model is superior to a simple propensity score-matching analysis and to an inverse probability weighting in terms of external validity and bias reduction.

Black Stains in Children: A New Classification and an Innovative Flowchart for Management and Recurrence Prevention.

Exogenous black pigmentations, commonly referred to as black stains (BS), are an acquired oral pathology, prevalent among children. The condition is characterized by black punctiform spots that are distributed variably on the lingual and vestibular surfaces of both deciduous and permanent teeth. These spots are predominantly located on the cervical third of the crown but can also be found on the middle third, until the crown third, of the affected tooth's crown.

Prescription habits and drugs accessibility for the treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections in Italy: a multicentric survey from the IRENE study group.

Purpose: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) account for high clinical burden, and treatment can be challenging. Moreover, accessibility of NTM medications varies across centers. These challenges may lead to unplanned therapeutic changes, discontinuations, potentially affecting patient outcomes.

Associations between cuprotosis-related genes and the spectrum of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: An exploratory study.

Aims: To explore the associations between cuprotosis-related genes (CRGs) across different stages of liver disease in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: We analysed several bulk RNA sequencing datasets from patients with MAFLD (n = 331) and MAFLD-related HCC (n = 271) and two MAFLD single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. To investigate the associations between CRGs and MAFLD, we performed differential correlation, logistic regression and functional enrichment analyses.

Association between MASLD and increased risk of serious bacterial infections requiring hospital admission: A meta-analysis.

Background: Previous studies have reported an association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and the risk of serious bacterial infections. However, the magnitude of the risk and whether this risk varies with the severity of MASLD remains uncertain. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to quantify the association between MASLD and serious bacterial infections requiring hospital admission.

Causal relationship between key genes and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease risk mediated by immune cells: A Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.

Aim: Non-invasive diagnostics for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remain challenging. We aimed to identify novel key genes as non-invasive biomarkers for MAFLD, elucidate causal relationships between biomarkers and MAFLD and determine the role of immune cells as potential mediators.

Materials And Methods: Utilizing published transcriptome data of patients with biopsy-proven MAFLD, we applied linear models for microarray data, least absolute shrinkage and selector operation (LASSO) regressions and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses to identify and validate biomarkers for MAFLD.

A Pilot Study for the Characterization of spp. and Analysis of Possible / Correlation.

Differentiating between species is relevant in human medicine. toxins might be effective against , a nematode causing relevant human morbidity. Our first objective was to evaluate genomic and MALDI-TOF identification methods for .

Babesiosis in the immunocompromised population: Results from a multicentric cohort study conducted in Italy.

Human babesiosis is an emerging zoonotic disease; diffused especially in some regions of the United States, it has been less frequently observed in other continents, including Europe. Serological surveys suggest that babesiosis could be more frequent than expected in European countries, representing an emerging health-issue and a possible harm, especially in immunocompromised populations. Only one case of human babesiosis has been reported in Italy and data about the diffusion of the pathogen in this country are scant.

Wound Healing in a Porcine Model of Retinal Holes.

Purpose: To investigate retinal wound healing, we created a new porcine model of retinal hole and identified the cells involved in hole closure.

Methods: Sixteen landrace pigs underwent vitrectomy, and a subretinal bleb was created before cutting a retinal hole using a 23G vitrector. No tamponade was used.