Abductor muscle strengthening in THA patients operated with minimally-invasive anterolateral approach for developmental hip dysplasia.

Objective: In developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) patients, the chronic dislocation of the femoral head with respect to the true acetabulum determines muscle contracture and atrophy, particularly of the abductor muscles, and leads to secondary osteoarthritis (OA) with severe motor dysfunction, pain and disability. The correct positioning when a total hip replacement (THR) is performed is fundamental to the recovery of gait function. Also, inadequate rehabilitation of the abductor muscles for pelvic stabilisation can be responsible for residual dysfunction.

The MOCART (Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue) 2.0 Knee Score and Atlas.

Objective: Since the first introduction of the MOCART (Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue) score, significant progress has been made with regard to surgical treatment options for cartilage defects, as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of such defects. Thus, the aim of this study was to introduce the MOCART 2.0 knee score - an incremental update on the original MOCART score - that incorporates this progression.

Looking into the joint when it is frozen: A report on dynamic shoulder ultrasound.

Frozen shoulder is a common disorder characterized by pain and limitation of the glenohumeral joint motions. While it is usually clinically diagnosed, as it can also mimic several other painful shoulder pathologies, imaging techniques can contribute to the differential diagnosis. In the literature, static and dynamic ultrasonographic findings have been reported to better characterize this condition and plan for treatment.

Multifunctionalization Modulates Hydroxyapatite Surface Interaction with Bisphosphonate: Antiosteoporotic and Antioxidative Stress Materials.

Multifunctionalized biomaterials with enhanced bone antiresorptive properties were obtained through adsorption of a bisphosphonate, risedronate, on hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals functionalized with zinc ions and polyethylenimine (PEI). Zn incorporation into the HA structure amounts to about 8 atom %, whereas the PEI content of the bifunctionalized material ZnHAPEIBP is about 5.9 wt %.

The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in soft tissue sarcoma.

Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are highly fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG)-avid tumours. PET seems to be effective for the assessment of the extent of disease. However, the use of PET to stratify STS into different risk histotypes still remains controversial.

Comparative assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression secondary to intrabursal injection of different glucocorticoids: a pilot study.

Background: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) suppression is the most common and dangerous, although often unrecognized and untreated, side effect of glucocorticoid administration. The risk and duration depend both on patient and treatment characteristics. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) currently represents the gold standard method to evaluate the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous steroids.

Ultrasound imaging of the upper trapezius muscle for safer myofascial trigger point injections: a case report.

Chronic myofascial pain of the cervical spine and shoulders is commonplace in clinical practice and is often related to adverse posture during work conditions in our lifestyle. The diagnosis is clinical and injections of the neck/shoulder muscles, especially the upper trapezius, are commonly performed in a blinded way. The anatomy of the posterior compartment of the neck is complicated, and several neurovascular structures are located nearby the trapezius and levator scapulae muscles in the inter-fascial planes.

Treatment of a calcific bursitis of the medial collateral ligament: a rare cause of painful knee.

Medial knee pain is common in clinical practice and can be caused by various conditions. In rare cases, it can even be by calcific bursitis of the medial collateral ligament (MCL). Treatment of calcific bursitis and/or calcification of the MCL classically includes observation, local injections, shockwave therapy and surgical resection.

Bone marrow biopsy in the initial staging of Ewing sarcoma: Experience from a single institution.

Background: Ewing sarcoma (ES) is the second most common bone tumor in adolescents and children. Staging workup for ES includes imaging and bone marrow biopsy (BMB). The effective role of BMB is now under discussion.

Artifacts and Artistic Facts: A Visual Simulation for Ultrasound Training.

For innumerous reasons, ultrasound imaging is becoming more and more popular in musculoskeletal medicine. Herewith, because this imaging technique is user dependent, prompt and sufficient training is crucial for its better clinical utility. In this regard, with this article, we aimed to focus on common artifacts that are observed in routine ultrasound scanning during daily musculoskeletal practice.

Minimally Invasive Versus Open Repair for Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture: Meta-Analysis Showing Reduced Complications, with Similar Outcomes, After Minimally Invasive Surgery.

Background: There is no consensus on the optimal technique for repairing an acute Achilles tendon rupture. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the complications, subjective outcomes, and functional results between minimally invasive surgery and open repair of an Achilles tendon rupture.

Methods: A systematic literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EBSCOhost, and ClinicalTrials.

Bacterial Extracellular DNA Production Is Associated with Outcome of Prosthetic Joint Infections.

In a retrospective study the association of the production of extracellular DNA (eDNA) in biofilms of clinical staphylococcal isolates from 60 patients with prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and the clinical outcome were investigated. Data from a previous study on eDNA production determined in 24-hour biofilms of staphylococcal isolates (S n=30, n=30) was correlated with the patients' clinical outcome after 3 and 12 months. Statistical analysis was performed using either the Spearman's rank correlations test or the t-test.

Modulation of Alendronate release from a calcium phosphate bone cement: An in vitro osteoblast-osteoclast co-culture study.

In this study, we loaded a biomimetic calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC) with relatively high amounts of a bisphosphonate through the use of Solid Lipid Microparticles (MPs) and investigated bone cells response to the composite cements. 10, 20 and 30% w/w of Alendronate (AL) were successfully introduced into microparticles of Cutina HR and Precirol, which were prepared by means of spray-congealing technique. Addition of AL-loaded MPs to the cement composition provoked a lengthening of the setting and of the hardening processes.

Migration of calcium deposit over the biceps brachii muscle, a rare complication of calcific tendinopathy: Ultrasound image and treatment.

Calcific tendinopathy is characterized by the deposition of calcium, mostly hydroxyapatite crystals, in tendons. Women are more frequently affected than men, with prevalence in the fourth and fifth decades of life. This condition has been reported between 2.

Increased risk of ACL revision with non-surgical treatment of a concomitant medial collateral ligament injury: a study on 19,457 patients from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry.

Purpose: To determine how concomitant medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries affect outcome after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: Patients aged > 15 years who were registered in the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry for primary ACL reconstruction between 2005 and 2016 were eligible for inclusion. Patients with a concomitant MCL or LCL injury were stratified according to collateral ligament treatment (non-surgical, repair or reconstruction), and one isolated ACL reconstruction group was created.

Osteochondral tissue cultures: Between limits and sparks, the next step for advanced in vitro models.

The increasing demand for reliable preclinical models and to reduce, refine and, if possible, replace animal studies have brought forth the development of complex tissue cultures in different research areas, including the musculoskeletal field. In this paper, we review the literature within last 10 years on the state of progress for in vitro models of osteochondral tissue cultures, taking into account the clinical relevance of the management and treatment of osteochondral lesions. According to the selected research criteria, 35 works, 27 of which with animal tissues and 8 with human tissues, resulted to be relevant for the purposes of this review.